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Keywords = flat-roof-mounted solar arrays

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15 pages, 6136 KB  
Article
Extreme Wind Loading on Flat-Roof-Mounted Solar Arrays with Consideration of Wind Directionality
by Jingxue Wang, Min Liu, Qingshan Yang, Yi Hui and Shidong Nie
Buildings 2023, 13(1), 221; https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010221 - 12 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2366
Abstract
The assessment of extreme wind loading on solar arrays plays a significant role in ensuring their safe operation under strong winds. Therefore, this paper investigates the extreme wind loading on solar arrays mounted on a flat roof by taking into account the wind [...] Read more.
The assessment of extreme wind loading on solar arrays plays a significant role in ensuring their safe operation under strong winds. Therefore, this paper investigates the extreme wind loading on solar arrays mounted on a flat roof by taking into account the wind directionality effect. The estimation process is conducted by using in situ wind speeds obtained from meteorological stations and wind loading coefficients on solar arrays obtained from wind tunnel tests based on the joint probability distribution of multiple variables and their conditional probabilities. This allows a discussion regarding how the extreme wind loading of solar arrays would be affected by such factors as the uncertainty of wind loading coefficient, the structural orientation of buildings on which solar arrays are mounted, and the directional characteristics of wind speeds. Finally, a comparison among the proposed methods, considering the wind directionality in current wind loading codes, is performed. The extreme wind loading determined by multivariate extreme value theory is found to be comparable to the corresponding estimate calculated according to the independent assumption of directional extreme wind speed. The results of this study provide a valuable reference for the design of wind-resistant solar arrays that takes account of wind directionality effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Building Structures)
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35 pages, 1539 KB  
Article
Solar Photovoltaic Development in Australia—A Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment Study
by Man Yu and Anthony Halog
Sustainability 2015, 7(2), 1213-1247; https://doi.org/10.3390/su7021213 - 23 Jan 2015
Cited by 69 | Viewed by 16690
Abstract
Australia possesses the highest average solar radiation of any continent in the world, but solar energy in total contributes less than 1% to Australia’s primary energy consumption. This study intends to assess whether solar photovoltaic (PV) is really a sustainable option for Australia’s [...] Read more.
Australia possesses the highest average solar radiation of any continent in the world, but solar energy in total contributes less than 1% to Australia’s primary energy consumption. This study intends to assess whether solar photovoltaic (PV) is really a sustainable option for Australia’s energy transition on the project level. A life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) was conducted on a 1.2 MW flat-roof mounted PV solar array called UQ Solar, and the results suggested UQ Solar performed well in environmental aspects, except for emissions of several criteria air pollutants. It was economically feasible only with the grant provided by the Queensland government and the levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) was more or less the same as the LCOE of offset electricity. However, its social performance was not as good as expected. Large-scale PV installations can be sustainable in Australia on several conditions. PV manufacturers should be more responsible for reducing the use of hazardous materials; end-of-life treatment should be taken good care of; government should truly support the deployment of large-scale PV installation by providing more incentives and infrastructures; substantial subsidies for fossil fuel power stations should phase out; more awareness and training activities should be organized to promote social acceptance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environment and Energy: the Industrial Ecology perspective)
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