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Search Results (4)

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Keywords = flowing field around group piles

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22 pages, 6433 KB  
Article
Numerical Investigation of Local Scour Around Bridge Pile-Group Foundations Under Steady Flows
by Wentao Li, Xiangdong Wang, Zhixun Wang, Qianmi Yu, Peng Huang, Yilin Yang and Jinzhao Li
Infrastructures 2025, 10(12), 333; https://doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures10120333 - 5 Dec 2025
Viewed by 701
Abstract
Local scour around pile-group foundations is a predominant cause of hydraulic instability in bridge engineering. This study employs a fully coupled three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model to investigate local scour around a 2 × 2 inline pile group under steady flows. The model [...] Read more.
Local scour around pile-group foundations is a predominant cause of hydraulic instability in bridge engineering. This study employs a fully coupled three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model to investigate local scour around a 2 × 2 inline pile group under steady flows. The model is validated against detailed laboratory measurements of flow and scour, demonstrating good agreement in both hydrodynamic and scour results, with scour depth simulations deviating by less than 15% from experimental data. Analysis of the flow fields reveal that scour evolution is accompanied by the descent of the horseshoe vortex, intensification of gap-flow, and acceleration around the side piles, while migration of bed shear stress from the pile flanks to the upstream slope dictates the equilibrium scour morphology. A systematic parametric study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the Froude number (Fr) and pile spacing (G/D) on scour depth. The results indicate that scour depth increases rapidly with Fr up to approximate 0.35, beyond which it plateaus as form-induced drag dissipates the incoming flow energy. Increasing G/D from 1 to 1.5 reduces the scour depth by about 12%, with smaller further reduction beyond G/D = 1.5, suggesting that this spacing offers a pragmatic compromise between structural footprint and scour resistance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Infrastructures and Structural Engineering)
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19 pages, 4378 KB  
Article
Hydrodynamic Characteristics of Offshore Wind Turbine Pile Foundations Under Combined Focusing Wave-Current Conditions
by Renwei Ji, Xiangquan Li, Yonglin Ye, Renqing Zhu, Ke Sun, Miankui Wu, Fei Huang and Ratthakrit Reabroy
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2024, 12(11), 2068; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse12112068 - 15 Nov 2024
Cited by 26 | Viewed by 2714
Abstract
In extreme marine environments, the interaction between offshore wind turbine pile foundations (OWTPFs) is critical, and the associated hydrodynamic loads are complex. This study focused on fixed OWTPFs and used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to numerically simulate the flow field around pile foundations [...] Read more.
In extreme marine environments, the interaction between offshore wind turbine pile foundations (OWTPFs) is critical, and the associated hydrodynamic loads are complex. This study focused on fixed OWTPFs and used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to numerically simulate the flow field around pile foundations under the combined action of focusing waves and current. The objective was to investigate the influence of different focusing wave and current parameters on the hydrodynamic properties of the pile foundations. The findings indicate the following: (1) When the wave and current directions are opposite, the maximum wave force on the pile foundations is greater than when they are aligned. (2) Large-amplitude focusing waves around pile foundations generate secondary loads, which are nonlinear and lead to a rapid increase in the wave force. These secondary loads are short-lived and particularly prominent near the front row of pile foundations. (3) The influence of the group pile effect diminishes under high-amplitude waves, where the wave component dominates the generation of the dimensionless wave force, and the impact of the current on this force decreases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Marine Engineering Hydrodynamics)
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17 pages, 11589 KB  
Article
Numerical Analysis of Flow Structure Evolution during Scour Hole Development: A Case Study of a Pile-Supported Pier with Partially Buried Pile Cap
by Mahdi Alemi, João Pedro Pêgo, Saeid Okhravi and Rodrigo Maia
Modelling 2024, 5(3), 884-900; https://doi.org/10.3390/modelling5030046 - 29 Jul 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1849
Abstract
This study numerically investigates a pile-supported pier, which comprises a column with a partially buried pile cap and a group of piles, recognizing that partially buried pile caps lead to the highest scour depth. Most research has focused on equilibrium scour conditions in [...] Read more.
This study numerically investigates a pile-supported pier, which comprises a column with a partially buried pile cap and a group of piles, recognizing that partially buried pile caps lead to the highest scour depth. Most research has focused on equilibrium scour conditions in laboratory settings, overlooking the detailed dynamics of horseshoe vortices around pile groups. This study aims to clarify the flow structure and vortex dynamics at a pile-supported pier during local scour hole development stages using an in-house developed numerical model. The model’s accuracy is validated against flat-channel and compound pier reference cases. For the pile-supported pier, fixed bed geometry was used in flow simulations at selected scouring stages. Results show significant changes in flow structure and vortex formation with scour hole time development, particularly as the bed surface moves away from the pile cap. The study reveals variations in vortex size, number, and positioning, alongside turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds shear stress distributions over time. High positive Reynolds shear stress near the bed during intermediate scouring stages highlights the complex interactions within the flow field. This research provides the first detailed visualization of flow structure evolution within a scour hole at a pile-supported pier. Full article
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21 pages, 9224 KB  
Article
Evolution of Hydrodynamic Characteristics with Scour Hole Developing around a Pile Group
by Yilin Yang, Meilan Qi, Jinzhao Li and Xiaodong Ma
Water 2018, 10(11), 1632; https://doi.org/10.3390/w10111632 - 12 Nov 2018
Cited by 34 | Viewed by 4963
Abstract
This study concerns the evolution of flow field and hydrodynamic characteristics within the developing scour hole around a four-pile group with 2 × 2 arrangement. The instantaneous velocities in scour holes at four typical stages during the scouring process were measured by an [...] Read more.
This study concerns the evolution of flow field and hydrodynamic characteristics within the developing scour hole around a four-pile group with 2 × 2 arrangement. The instantaneous velocities in scour holes at four typical stages during the scouring process were measured by an acoustic Doppler velocimeter (ADV). The evolution and spatial distribution of the time-averaged flow field, turbulence, and the corresponding hydrodynamic characteristics within scour holes were compared. The time-averaged flow field shows that the reverse flow, downward flow, and horseshoe vortex are formed in the upstream of the pile group. During the scouring process, the mean components of flow characteristics (i.e., mean velocity, vorticity, and bed shear stress) around the pile group decrease while the fluctuating components (i.e., turbulence intensity) intensify simultaneously. Similarity of turbulence intensity profiles was found within different scour holes. The horseshoe vortex at upstream of each pile merges and the shear layer in the gap region extends when the dimension of the scour hole increases to that of equilibrium scour status, indicating that the four piles behave more like a single bluff body. With the development of scour holes, the large-scale horseshoe vortex system becomes more stable and the dissipation of small-scale eddies becomes more significant. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Hydraulics and Hydrodynamics)
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