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Keywords = gametocidal chromosomes

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15 pages, 4624 KiB  
Article
Characterization of a Wheat-Dasypyrum breviaristatum Chromosome Addition and Its Derived Progenies Carrying Novel Dasypyrum-Specific Gliadin Genes
by Chengzhi Jiang, Wenxi Jiang, Min Liu, Hongjin Wang, Ennian Yang, Zujun Yang and Guangrong Li
Agronomy 2022, 12(7), 1673; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071673 - 13 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1999
Abstract
The construction of the 28-chromosome karyotype of Dasypyrum breviaristatum was undertaken using multicolor non-denaturing fluorescent in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) and Oligo-FISH painting protocols. A novel wheat-D. breviaristatum line D2138 contained 44 chromosomes including a pair of D. breviaristatum 6VbS.2Vb [...] Read more.
The construction of the 28-chromosome karyotype of Dasypyrum breviaristatum was undertaken using multicolor non-denaturing fluorescent in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) and Oligo-FISH painting protocols. A novel wheat-D. breviaristatum line D2138 contained 44 chromosomes including a pair of D. breviaristatum 6VbS.2VbL translocation chromosomes. Individual F2 and F3 progenies of a cross between D2138 with wheat lines CM62, MY11 and JM22, respectively, were characterized using ND-FISH and molecular markers. A relatively high chromosome alteration rate within wheat and D. breviaristatum 6VbS and 2VbL was observed in the three progeny populations, suggesting that chromosome 6VbS.2VbL has a gametocidal-like gene. The different types of translocation and deletion lines allowed localization of D. breviaristatum-specific gliadin coding genes on sub-telomeric regions of 6VbS by PCR and acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis. The positive effect of the D. breviaristatum 6VbS on agronomic and quality characters was also demonstrated. The new wheat-D. breviaristatum 6VbS and 2VbL translocation lines will be useful as novel germplasm for breeding purposes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Utilizing Genetic Resources for Agronomic Traits Improvement)
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11 pages, 2328 KiB  
Article
Development and Characterization of Wheat-Agropyron cristatum Introgression Lines Induced by Gametocidal Genes and Wheat ph1b Mutant
by Alejandro Copete-Parada, Carmen Palomino and Adoración Cabrera
Agronomy 2021, 11(2), 277; https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11020277 - 2 Feb 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3013
Abstract
The P genome of Agropyron cristatum Gaertn. contains many desirable genes that can be utilized as genetic resources to improve wheat. In this research, we used both the gametocidal chromosome 2Cc and the pairing homologous gene (Ph1b) mutant to induce [...] Read more.
The P genome of Agropyron cristatum Gaertn. contains many desirable genes that can be utilized as genetic resources to improve wheat. In this research, we used both the gametocidal chromosome 2Cc and the pairing homologous gene (Ph1b) mutant to induce structural aberrations and translocations between wheat and the 4P, 5P, and 6P genome chromosomes. By using the two approaches, a total of 19 wheat-A. cristatum translocations have been identified, in which 13 were induced by the Triticum aestivum cv. Chinese Spring (CS) ph1b mutant (CS ph1b) and six were induced by gametocidal chromosome 2Cc from Aegilops cylindrica Host. The wheat-4P, -5P and -6P A. cristatum translocations were characterized by in situ hybridization and by a set of conserved orthologous set (COS) molecular markers. The aberrations included centromeric translocations, terminal translocations, dicentric translocations, and deletions. The average induction frequency of chromosome structural aberrations was 10.9% using gametocidal 2Cc chromosome and 8.8% using ph1b mutant. The highest frequency obtained was for chromosome 4P using both approaches. All the wheat-A. cristatum translocation lines obtained were valuable for identifying A. cristatum chromosome 4P, 5P, and 6P related genes. In addition, these lines provided genetic resources and new germplasm accessions for the genetic improvement of wheat. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Characterization and Use of Species from Triticeae Tribe in the Wheat Breeding)
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12 pages, 1565 KiB  
Article
The Variation Analysis of DNA Methylation in Wheat Carrying Gametocidal Chromosome 3C from Aegilops triuncialis
by Dan Wang, Jieyu Zhao, Yan Bai, You Ao and Changhong Guo
Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18(8), 1738; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms18081738 - 10 Aug 2017
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4301
Abstract
Gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes can ensure their preferential transmission by killing the gametes without themselves through causing chromosome breakage and therefore have been exploited as an effective tool for genetic breeding. However, to date very little is known about the molecular mechanism of Gc [...] Read more.
Gametocidal (Gc) chromosomes can ensure their preferential transmission by killing the gametes without themselves through causing chromosome breakage and therefore have been exploited as an effective tool for genetic breeding. However, to date very little is known about the molecular mechanism of Gc action. In this study, we used methylation-sensitive amplified polymorphism (MSAP) technique to assess the extent and pattern of cytosine methylation alterations at the whole genome level between two lines of wheat Gc addition line and their common wheat parent. The results indicated that the overall levels of cytosine methylation of two studied Gc addition lines (CS–3C and CS–3C3C, 48.68% and 48.65%, respectively) were significantly increased when compared to common wheat CS (41.31%) and no matter fully methylated or hemimethylated rates enhanced in Gc addition lines. A set of 30 isolated fragments that showed different DNA methylation or demethylation patterns between the three lines were sequenced and the results indicated that 8 fragments showed significant homology to known sequences, of which three were homologous to MITE transposon (Miniature inverted–repeat transposable elements), LTR-retrotransposon WIS-1p and retrotransposon Gypsy, respectively. Overall, our results showed that DNA methylation could play a role in the Gc action. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from the 6th National Plant Protein Research Congress)
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