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Keywords = halide-loaded anion exchanger

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17 pages, 2286 KiB  
Article
Green and Cost-Effective Separation of Cadmium from Base Metals in Chloride Medium with Halide-Loaded Anion Exchanger
by Yanlin Zhang, Xiaofei Duan, Chaoquan Hu, Guanshang Du and Yong Wang
Processes 2023, 11(4), 1051; https://doi.org/10.3390/pr11041051 - 31 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2316
Abstract
A novel strategy for the separation of cadmium from base metals in chloride medium by anion exchange based on the formation of cadmium halo-complexes is presented in this article. Instead of using excess Br− or I− in the feed solution, the [...] Read more.
A novel strategy for the separation of cadmium from base metals in chloride medium by anion exchange based on the formation of cadmium halo-complexes is presented in this article. Instead of using excess Br− or I− in the feed solution, the anion exchange resin or fibre was first preloaded with Br− or I− for Cd2+ adsorption from Cl− solution. Thus, the consumption of iodide or bromide was minimized while promising high adsorption stability of Cd2+. The adsorption thermodynamics and kinetics of Cd2+ were studied. The adsorption thermodynamics results were processed with Langmuir and Freundlich models and adsorption kinetics results were treated with Pseudo first order model, Pseudo second order model and intraparticle diffusion model. The adsorption mechanism was studied with the aid of FTIR and elemental analysis. Three strategies were applied for the stripping of Cd2+, including the use of water for disequilibrating its halo-complex formation, the formation of positively charged species with ammonia, and the formation of positively charged chelate with multidentate ligand ethylenediamine. On the bases of these results, separation performance was investigated with strongly basic anion exchange resin and fibre, and it was shown that Cd2+ can be efficiently separated from base metals in a wide range of acidity, and that pure Cd2+ solution can be obtained, thus providing a robust, environmentally friendly, and economic technology for its separation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Advances in Processing Technologies for Substance Extraction, Separation, and Enrichment)
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21 pages, 472 KiB  
Article
A Simple Halide-to-Anion Exchange Method for Heteroaromatic Salts and Ionic Liquids
by Ermitas Alcalde, Immaculada Dinarès, Anna Ibáñez and Neus Mesquida
Molecules 2012, 17(4), 4007-4027; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules17044007 - 2 Apr 2012
Cited by 62 | Viewed by 18407
Abstract
A broad and simple method permitted halide ions in quaternary heteroaromatic and ammonium salts to be exchanged for a variety of anions using an anion exchange resin (A− form) in non-aqueous media. The anion loading of the AER (OH− form) was [...] Read more.
A broad and simple method permitted halide ions in quaternary heteroaromatic and ammonium salts to be exchanged for a variety of anions using an anion exchange resin (A− form) in non-aqueous media. The anion loading of the AER (OH− form) was examined using two different anion sources, acids or ammonium salts, and changing the polarity of the solvents. The AER (A− form) method in organic solvents was then applied to several quaternary heteroaromatic salts and ILs, and the anion exchange proceeded in excellent to quantitative yields, concomitantly removing halide impurities. Relying on the hydrophobicity of the targeted ion pair for the counteranion swap, organic solvents with variable polarity were used, such as CH3OH, CH3CN and the dipolar nonhydroxylic solvent mixture CH3CN:CH2Cl2 (3:7) and the anion exchange was equally successful with both lipophilic cations and anions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Collection Ionic Liquids)
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