MDPI - Publisher of Open Access Journals

9 pages, 1056 KB

Open AccessArticle

Study of High-Altitude Coplanarity Phenomena in Super-High-Energy EAS Cores with a Thick Calorimeter

by Rauf Mukhamedshin, Turlan Sadykov, Vladimir Galkin, Alia Argynova, Aidana Almenova, Dauren Muratov, Khanshaiym Makhmet, Valery Zhukov, Vladimir Ryabov, Vyacheslav Piscal, Yernar Tautayev and Zhakypbek Sadykov

Particles 2025, 8(3), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles8030074 - 4 Aug 2025

Viewed by 455

Abstract

A number of phenomena were observed in experiments on the study of cosmic rays at mountain altitudes and in the stratosphere at ultra-high energies; in particular, the coplanarity of the most energetic particles and local subcascades in the so-called families of γ-rays and hadrons in the cores of extensive air showers at E₀ ≳ 2·10¹⁵ eV (√s ≳ 2 TeV). These effects are not described by theoretical models. To explain this phenomenon, it may be necessary to introduce a new process of generating the most energetic particles in the interactions of hadrons with the nuclei of atmospheric atoms. A new experimental array of cosmic ray detectors, including the ADRON-55 ionization calorimeter, has been created to study processes in EAS cores at ultra-high energies. The possibility of using it to study the coplanarity effect is being considered. Full article

(This article belongs to the Section Experimental Physics and Instrumentation)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 9394 KB

Open AccessArticle

Simulations of the EAS Development in the Atmosphere and Detectors for Experiments with the High-Altitude Ionization Calorimeter ADRON-55

by Turlan Sadykov, Omarkhan Yelemessov, Rauf Mukhamedshin, Vladimir Galkin, Alia Argynova, Korlan Argynova, Khanshaiym Makhmet, Valery Zhukov, Vladimir Ryabov and Yerkin Khussainov

Particles 2024, 7(3), 768-779; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles7030044 - 28 Aug 2024

Viewed by 1036

Abstract

To study EAS cores (beams of most energetic particles near the shower axis) at E₀ ≳ 10¹⁵ eV (√s ≳ 2 TeV), which carry the most valuable information about the types of primary particles and the characteristics of their interactions in the atmosphere, a new set of detectors has been developed, including a high-altitude ionization calorimeter “ADRON-55”, located at a high-altitude scientific station on the Tien Shan. The first results of modeling the development of EAS from primary protons, main groups of nuclei and hypothetical strangelets at various energies, related to measurements with the “ADRON-55” calorimeter, are presented. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 3921 KB

Open AccessArticle

First Results of Studying EAS Cores Using a High-Mountain Ionization Calorimeter

by Turlan Sadykov, Rauf Mukhamedshin, Vladimir Galkin, Alia Argynova, Aidana Almenova, Korlan Argynova, Khanshaiym Makhmet, Olga Novolodskaya, Tunyk Idrissova, Valery Zhukov, Vyacheslav Piscal and Zhakypbek Sadykov

Particles 2024, 7(1), 40-51; https://doi.org/10.3390/particles7010003 - 28 Dec 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2030

Abstract

In high-altitude experiments to study the central cores of EAS at E₀ ≳ 10¹⁶ eV (√s ≳ 5 TeV) using X-ray emulsion chambers and ionization calorimeters, phenomena such as the coplanarity of the arrival of the most energetic particles in super families of γ-rays and hadrons and a so-called Tien Shan effect (too slow absorption of cascades initiated by high-energy hadrons in the calorimeter) were observed. These effects could not be reproduced within the framework of theoretical models of the 80s and 90s. The coplanarity is explained via a process of coplanar generation of the most energetic secondary particles in interactions of super high-energy hadrons with nuclei of air atoms. Perhaps the Tien Shan effect could be explained using a high cross section for the generation of fragmentation-region charmed hadrons. To study these phenomena, a new set of detectors has been developed, including the world’s highest high-mountain ionization calorimeter, “Hadron-55”. This paper presents the initial experimental results. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Techniques for Particle Physics in Space)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 1475 KB

Open AccessReview

Studies of Anomalous Phenomena in the Development of Electron-Nuclear Cascades in the EAS Cores Registered by a Modernized Complex Installation at Mountain Altitudes

by Rauf Mukhamedshin, Turlan Sadykov, Abay Serikkanov, Alia Argynova, Bakhtiar Iskakov, Korlan Argynova, Hanshain Mahmet, Olga Novolodskaya, Tunyk Idrissova, Valery Zhukov, Vyacheslav Piskal and Zhakypbek Sadykov

Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2507; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042507 - 15 Feb 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1642

Abstract

Phenomena have been observed in mountain high-energy cosmic-ray experiments, namely, a delayed absorption of high-energy cascades initiated by cosmic-ray hadrons in a lead absorber at

E_{0} ≳ 10^{14} e V

(so-called long-flying component), a coplanarity of most energetic particles [...] Read more.

Phenomena have been observed in mountain high-energy cosmic-ray experiments, namely, a delayed absorption of high-energy cascades initiated by cosmic-ray hadrons in a lead absorber at

E_{0} ≳ 10^{14} e V

(so-called long-flying component), a coplanarity of most energetic particles in the central region of γ-ray−hadron superfamilies, and the so-called Tien Shan effect in EAS cores at

E_{0} ≳ 10^{16} e V (\sqrt{s} > 5 T e V)

. These effects are not described by theoretical models. The coplanarity is explained by the process of coplanar generation of most energetic secondary particles in interactions of superhigh-energy hadrons with the nuclei of air atoms. The other two phenomena are possibly explained with a high cross section for fragmentation-region charmed-hadron generation. To investigate these phenomena, a cosmic-ray detector array, including a very thick ionization calorimeter, is being upgraded to study EAS cores. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

11 pages, 1958 KB

Open AccessArticle

The Complex of Experimental Facilities for the Cosmic Ray Investigation at the Tien Shan Mountain Station

by Kanat Mukashev, Alia Argynova, Valery Zhukov, Tunyk Idrissova, Bakhtiyar Iskakov, Vecheslav Piskal, Turlan Sadykov, Zhakypbek Sadykov, Alexey Stepanov and Abai Serikkanov

Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(1), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12010465 - 4 Jan 2022

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1783

Abstract

The study describes the experimental complex of the station located in the Tien Shan mountains at an elevation of 3340 m above sea level. The complex consists of detectors of different types scattered across the station area, such as scintillation particles detectors, Cherenkov detectors, radio emission detectors for the measurement of the electron component of extensive air showers (EAS) created by the (1–1000) PeV cosmic ray particles, an ionization calorimeter and neutron detectors for the study of the nuclear-active component of EAS cores, and the underground particle detectors for the detection of cosmic ray muons. The data acquisition system allows the simultaneous recording of parameters from various stand-alone detectors registering an EAS, and storage of the acquired data in the database. As an illustration of research capability, the results of the EAS study are presented here which were obtained during the last few years at the different experimental set-ups constituting the Tien Shan complex. Full article

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Search Results (5)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI

Saved Queries

Search Filter Reset All

Years

Feature Papers

Subjects

Journals

Article Types

Countries / Regions

Search Results (5)

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI