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Keywords = mechanoenzymology

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11 pages, 1576 KB  
Article
Mechano-Enzymatic Degradation of the Chitin from Crustacea Shells for Efficient Production of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc)
by Xinjun Yu, Zengchao Jiang, Xiaodan Xu, Changyi Huang, Zheyi Yao, Xiao Yang, Yinjun Zhang, Dongsheng Wang, Chun Wei and Xuwei Zhuang
Molecules 2022, 27(15), 4720; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154720 - 23 Jul 2022
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 3099
Abstract
Chitin, the second richest polymer in nature, is composed of the monomer N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which has numerous functions and is widely applied in the medical, food, and chemical industries. However, due to the highly crystalline configuration and low accessibility in water of the [...] Read more.
Chitin, the second richest polymer in nature, is composed of the monomer N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), which has numerous functions and is widely applied in the medical, food, and chemical industries. However, due to the highly crystalline configuration and low accessibility in water of the chitin resources, such as shrimp and crab shells, the chitin is difficult utilize, and the traditional chemical method causes serious environment pollution and a waste of resources. In the present study, three genes encoding chitinolytic enzymes, including the N-acetylglucosaminidase from Ostrinia furnacalis (OfHex1), endo-chitinase from Trichoderma viride (TvChi1), and multifunctional chitinase from Chitinolyticbacter meiyuanensis (CmChi1), were expressed in the Pichia pastoris system, and the positive transformants with multiple copies were isolated by the PTVA (post-transformational vector amplification) method, respectively. The three recombinants OfHex1, TvChi1, and CmChi1 were induced by methanol and purified by the chitin affinity adsorption method. The purified recombinants OfHex1 and TvChi1 were characterized, and they were further used together for degrading chitin from shrimp and crab shells to produce GlcNAc through liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) under a water-less condition. The substrate chitin concentration reached up to 300 g/L, and the highest yield of the product GlcNAc reached up to 61.3 g/L using the mechano-enzymatic method. A yield rate of up to 102.2 g GlcNAc per 1 g enzyme was obtained. Full article
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12 pages, 2380 KB  
Article
Efficient Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Biomass Hemicellulose in the Absence of Bulk Water
by Shaghayegh Ostadjoo, Fabien Hammerer, Karolin Dietrich, Marie-Josée Dumont, Tomislav Friscic and Karine Auclair
Molecules 2019, 24(23), 4206; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234206 - 20 Nov 2019
Cited by 58 | Viewed by 4859
Abstract
Current enzymatic methods for hemicellulosic biomass depolymerization are solution-based, typically require a harsh chemical pre-treatment of the material and large volumes of water, yet lack in efficiency. In our study, xylanase (E.C. 3.2.1.8) from Thermomyces lanuginosus is used to hydrolyze xylans from different [...] Read more.
Current enzymatic methods for hemicellulosic biomass depolymerization are solution-based, typically require a harsh chemical pre-treatment of the material and large volumes of water, yet lack in efficiency. In our study, xylanase (E.C. 3.2.1.8) from Thermomyces lanuginosus is used to hydrolyze xylans from different sources. We report an innovative enzymatic process which avoids the use of bulk aqueous, organic or inorganic solvent, and enables hydrolysis of hemicellulose directly from chemically untreated biomass, to low-weight, soluble oligoxylosaccharides in >70% yields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Development of Mechanochemical Synthesis)
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