The modular multilevel matrix converter is a relatively new power converter topology suitable for high-power alternating current (AC)-to-AC applications. Several publications in the literature have highlighted the converter capabilities, such as full...
The modular multilevel converter is capable to reach high-voltage levels with high flexibility, high reliability, and high power quality as it became the standard solution for high-power high-voltage applications that operate with fixed frequency. Ho...
Modular and cascaded multilevel converters provide a functional solution for the integration of energy storage systems (ESSs). This paper develops a hybrid multilevel converter based on the modular multilevel converter (MMC) that can be functionally...
This article proposes the study, control and analysis of the topology of an AC–AC modular multilevel converter, known in the literature as the Hexverter. The Hexverter is capable of converting the energy between two AC systems with a reduced nu...
In this paper we propose a modular multilevel converter for a linear generator for a wave energy converter. The coils of this generator are individually controlled to improve energy harvesting performance. This topology involves two stages. The first...
Due to its scalability, reliability, high power quality and flexibility, the modular multilevel converter is the standard solution for high-power high-voltage applications in which an AC–DC–AC connection is required such as high-voltage d...
The modular multilevel matrix converter has been proposed as a suitable option for high power applications such as flexible AC transmission systems. Among flexible AC transmission systems, the unified power flow controller stands out as the most vers...
Raising the electrification ratio to 100% is still a formidable challenge in Indonesia, especially in the remote areas of the eastern part of the archipelago. A DC microgrid system is one of the most viable solutions to increase the electricity suppl...
Deep-sea offshore wind power generation has gained increasing attention in the past decade. The low cost and high efficiency of the DC grid system make it more competitive when the transmission distance is over 100 km. As the key enabler of the DC gr...
New grid-connected systems have imposed additional requirements regarding reliability, power quality, high levels of power processing capacity, and fault support, where power converters have a crucial role in fulfilling these requirements. Overcoming...
Model predictive control has become a tremendously popular control method for power converters, notably a modular multilevel converter, owing to the ability to control various objectives at once with a particular cost function and prominent dynamic p...
Modular multilevel converters with non-sinusoidal ac voltage output can reduce cost and volume in medium-voltage-connected electric vehicle battery charging applications. The use of full-bridge submodules in such converters enables single-stage ac/ac...
Recent advances in high-power applications employing voltage source converters have been primarily fuelled by the emergence of the modular multilevel converter (MMC) and its derivatives. Model predictive control (MPC) has emerged as an effective way...
In this article, a three-phase modular multilevel converter (MMC) with three-level neutral point clamped converter (NPC) sub-modules (SMs) along with the placement of transformers in place of arm inductors is proposed for PV grid integration. Compare...
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have been conceived as an alternative in front-end converter applications to enhance the converter system’s reliability, minimize total harmonic distortion, and improve power quality. These converters utiliz...
With many advantages, modular multilevel convert (MMC) has been extensively used in high and medium voltage power transmission projects. The thermal performance and reliability of components in MMC are key issues in system operation. However, in the...
The integration of photovoltaic (PV) modules with a modular multilevel converter (MMC) is very interesting because it allows us to exploit the intrinsic advantages of that converter, such as modularity and high voltage quality, and to implement distr...
For medium and high-powered applications, modular multilevel converters have become the most promising converter application. In this paper, a sliding mode controller based on an RBF neural network is proposed for a modular multilevel converter. The...
In this paper, a control method is proposed that allows the extraction of maximum power from each individual photovoltaic string connected to the Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) and inject balanced power to the AC grid. The MMC solution used does...
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) play an important role in the power electronics industry due to their many advantages, such as modularity and reliability. In the current research, the simulation method is used to study the system. However, with...
In recent years, the integration of the high-power static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and energy storage in the same device has gained interest. Such a system is referred to as ES-STATCOM. Modular multilevel converter (MMC) topologies constitut...
Grid faults are common in power systems and can have a severe impact on the operation of the converters in the system. In this paper, the operation of a Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC)-based Static Synchronous Compensators (STATCOM) is investigate...
With special emphasis in recent years, an increase has been verified not only in demand but also in the price of electricity, arising the need to develop more reliable and efficient electrical energy conversion systems. In this context, emerges the u...
The hybrid modular multilevel converter (MMC) consisting of half-bridge submodules (HBSMs) and full-bridge submodules (FBSMs) is a promising solution for overhead lines high-voltage direct current systems (HVDC) due to the advantages of direct curren...
Aiming at the problem that silicon-controlled rectifiers (SCR) and pulse width modulation (PWM) rectifiers cannot balance high power levels, high hydrogen production efficiency, and high grid connected quality in the current research on rectifier pow...
The circuit topology of a submodule (SM) in an modular multilevel converter (MMC) defines many of the functionalities of the complete power electronics conversion system and the specific applications that a specific MMC configuration can support. Mos...
In recent years, modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have developed rapidly, and are widely used in medium and high voltage applications. Model predictive control (MPC) has attracted wide attention recently, and its advantages include straightforwar...
In this paper, a modulation strategy of a 3 × 5 modular multilevel matrix converter (M3C) is proposed. The circuit of 3 × 5 M3C is firstly introduced. Then, operation rules of 3 × 5 M3C are illustrated, and a connection pattern of branches is determi...
The direct integration of Photovoltaic (PV) to the three-phase Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) without dc–dc converters results in high-efficiency PV power plant with increased energy yield. The arm power control method for the MMC further i...
With the growing of using photovoltaic (PV) units in power distribution systems, the role of high-performance power electronic converters is increasing. In this paper, modelling and control of Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) are addressed for grid...
Hybrid modular multilevel converters (MMCs), which combine submodule chain links and device series switches, offer advantages such as lower costs and smaller volumes compared with MMCs. However, the hybrid MMCs only operate at a fixed modulation rati...
Submodule (SM) capacitors are key elements in the modular multilevel converter (MMC), the design of which influences the entire system performance. In practical cases, SM capacitor sizing must consider the abnormal system operation (e.g., grid faults...
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been widely used because of the advantages of easier expansion, lower harmonic distortion and higher output voltage level. If the MMC is adapted to high voltage application, more submodules need to be connec...
Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) play a crucial role in new energy grid connection and renewable energy conversion systems due to the significant merits of good modularity, flexible scalability, and lower operating loss. However, reliability is a...
Voltage sag in a power system is an unavoidable power quality issue, and it is also an urgent concern of sensitive industrial users. To ensure the power quality demand and economical operation of the power system, voltage sag management has always dr...
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is recognized as one of the promising converters for the electrification of ships and railways. Among different energy conversion stages, the MMC-based rectifier should realize stable DC output voltage and accur...
This paper provides theoretical and experimental discussions on the characteristics of the modular multilevel converter (MMC) when phase-shifted carrier sinusoidal pulse-width modulation (PSC-SPWM) is applied. Harmonic-cancellation characteristics of...
Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) topology is considered a good candidate for high-voltage applications. One of the reasons is that an MMC can quickly generate a higher voltage with an excellent sine wave with the series connection of many power blo...
Significant circulating currents in the modular multilevel converter (MMC) increase system losses and complicate heat-sink design. Conventional PI and PR controllers can achieve steady-state error adjustment, but are sensitive to parameter changes an...
This paper proposes an offset voltage control scheme for the modular multilevel converter (MMC) operated in nearest level control (NLC) to improve the total harmonic distortion (THD) of AC phase voltages. The offset (neutral-to-zero-point) voltage is...
This paper proposes an algorithm for determining the optimal capacitance by utilizing a mathematical model of a submodule (SM) capacitor in a modular multilevel converter (MMC) specifically for medium voltage motor drives (MVDs). By approximating the...
Photovoltaic (PV) plants can be built rapidly when compared with other conventional electrical plants; hence, they are a competent candidate for supplying the electricity grid. The output power of the PV modules can be used in plug-in electric vehicl...
This paper presents the design and implementation of a digital control system for modular multilevel converters (MMC) and its use in a 5 kW small-scale prototype. To achieve higher system control reliability and multi-functionality, the proposed arch...
Unlike the modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology operated under the rectifier or inverter modes, control of the balanced state for the submodule (SM) capacitor voltage has emerged as the key issue for DC-DC MMCs. This is mainly caused by no bal...
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has been prominently used in medium- and high-power applications. This paper presents the control of output and circulating current of MMC using sliding mode control (SMC). The design of the proposed controller...
The modular multilevel converter (MMC) has significant applications in power systems due to its promising features, such as modularity, reliability, scalability, and low harmonic distortion. One of the challenges in the operation of MMC is to regulat...
A modular multilevel converter (MMC) can generate different common-mode voltage (CMV) values due to the high-frequency changing of the switching state under various modulation strategies. The high-frequency dv/dt will produce common-mode current in t...
Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) play an important role in the power electronics industry due to their many advantages such as modularity and reliability. However, one of the challenges is to suppress fluctuations of circulating current and capac...
To resolve the issue of the difficultly in effectively balancing the output performance improvement, cost reduction, and efficiency improvement of a medium-voltage modular multilevel converter (MMC), a novel MMC (NMMC) topology based on high- and low...
In the context of weak grids, vector-controlled modular multilevel converters (MMC) suffer from issues such as low inertia, low damping, and poor system stability. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a control strategy for virtual synchr...
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