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Eye-tracking technology has to date been primarily employed in research. With recent advances in affordable video-based devices, the implementation of gaze-aware smartphones, and marketable driver monitoring systems, a considerable step towards pervasive eye-tracking has been made. However, several new challenges arise with the usage of eye-tracking in the wild and will need to be tackled to increase the acceptance of this technology. The main challenge is still related to the usage of eye-tracking together with eyeglasses, which in combination with reflections for changing illumination conditions will make a subject "untrackable". If we really want to bring the technology to the consumer, we cannot simply exclude 30% of the population as potential users only because they wear eyeglasses, nor can we make them clean their glasses and the device regularly. Instead, the pupil detection algorithms need to be made robust to potential sources of noise. We hypothesize that the amount of dust and dirt on the eyeglasses and the eye-tracker camera has a significant influence on the performance of currently available pupil detection algorithms. Therefore, in this work, we present a systematic study of the effect of dust and dirt on the pupil detection by simulating various quantities of dirt and dust on eyeglasses. Our results show (1) an overall high robustness to dust in an offfocus layer. (2) the vulnerability of edge-based methods to even small in-focus dust particles. (3) a trade-off between tolerated particle size and particle amount, where a small number of rather large particles showed only a minor performance impact. Full article

Latest developments in remote and head-mounted eye tracking and automated eye movement analysis point the way toward unobtrusive eye-based humancomputer interfaces that will become pervasively usable in everyday life. We call this new paradigm pervasive eye tracking—continuous eye monitoring and analysis 24/7. Pervasive Eye Tracking and Mobile Eye-Based Interaction (PETMEI) is a workshop series that revolves around the theme of pervasive eye-tracking as a trailblazer for pervasive eye-based human-computer interaction and eye-based context-awareness. This special issue is composed from extended versions of the top-scoring papers from the 3rd workshop in the PETMEI series held in 2013. Full article