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Keywords = prolonged testicular infection

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21 pages, 3291 KB  
Article
Zika Virus Infection Damages the Testes in Pubertal Common Squirrel Monkeys (Saimiri collinsi)
by Gabriela da Costa Benchimol, Josye Bianca Santos, Ana Sophia da Costa Lopes, Karol Guimarães Oliveira, Eviny Sayuri Trindade Okada, Bianca Nascimento de Alcantara, Washington Luiz Assunção Pereira, Danuza Leite Leão, Ana Cristina Carneiro Martins, Liliane Almeida Carneiro, Aline Amaral Imbeloni, Sheila Tetsume Makiama, Luiz Paulo Printes Albarelli de Castro, Leandro Nassar Coutinho, Lívia Medeiros Neves Casseb, Pedro Fernando da Costa Vasconcelos, Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues, Daniele Barbosa de Almeida Medeiros and Sarah Raphaella Rocha de Azevedo Scalercio
Viruses 2023, 15(3), 615; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030615 - 23 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2776
Abstract
During the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak and after evidence of its sexual transmission was obtained, concerns arose about the impact of the adverse effects of ZIKV infection on human fertility. In this study, we evaluated the clinical-laboratory aspects and testicular histopathological patterns of [...] Read more.
During the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak and after evidence of its sexual transmission was obtained, concerns arose about the impact of the adverse effects of ZIKV infection on human fertility. In this study, we evaluated the clinical-laboratory aspects and testicular histopathological patterns of pubertal squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi) infected with ZIKV, analyzing the effects at different stages of infection. The susceptibility of S. collinsi to ZIKV infection was confirmed by laboratory tests, which detected viremia (mean 1.63 × 106 RNA copies/µL) and IgM antibody induction. Reduced fecal testosterone levels, severe testicular atrophy and prolonged orchitis were observed throughout the experiment by ultrasound. At 21 dpi, testicular damage associated with ZIKV was confirmed by histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) analyses. Tubular retraction, the degeneration and necrosis of somatic and germ cells in the seminiferous tubules, the proliferation of interstitial cells and an inflammatory infiltrate were observed. ZIKV antigen was identified in the same cells where tissue injuries were observed. In conclusion, squirrel monkeys were found to be susceptible to the Asian variant of ZIKV, and this model enabled the identification of multifocal lesions in the seminiferous tubules of the infected group evaluated. These findings may suggest an impact of ZIKV infection on male fertility. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zika Viruses: State-of-the-Art Research in Brazil)
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16 pages, 6051 KB  
Article
Prolonged Detection of Bovine Viral Diarrhoea Virus Infection in the Semen of Bulls
by Andrew J. Read, Sarah Gestier, Kate Parrish, Deborah S. Finlaison, Xingnian Gu, Tiffany W. O’Connor and Peter D. Kirkland
Viruses 2020, 12(6), 674; https://doi.org/10.3390/v12060674 - 22 Jun 2020
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 4682
Abstract
Infection of bulls with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can result in the development of virus persistence, confined to the reproductive tract. These bulls develop a normal immune response with high neutralizing antibody titres. However, BVDV can be excreted in the semen for [...] Read more.
Infection of bulls with bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) can result in the development of virus persistence, confined to the reproductive tract. These bulls develop a normal immune response with high neutralizing antibody titres. However, BVDV can be excreted in the semen for a prolonged period. Although relatively rare, in this study we describe six separate cases in bulls being prepared for admission to artificial breeding centres. Semen samples were tested in a pan-Pestivirus-reactive real-time PCR assay and viral RNA was detected in semen from five of the bulls for three to eight months after infection. In one bull, virus was detected at low levels for more than five years. This bull was found to have one small testis. When slaughtered, virus was only detected in the abnormal testis. The low levels of BVDV in the semen of these bulls were only intermittently detected by virus isolation in cell culture. This virus-contaminated semen presents a biosecurity risk and confirms the need to screen all batches of semen from bulls that have been previously infected with BVDV. The use of real-time PCR is recommended as the preferred laboratory assay for this purpose. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Related Pestiviruses)
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