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  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
3,220 Views
12 Pages

Psychometric Properties of the Spontaneity Assessment Inventory-Revised (SAI-R): The 3-Factor Hypothesis

  • Paulo Martins,
  • António-José Gonzalez,
  • Margarida Pedroso de Lima and
  • António Rosado

Spontaneity and its connections to mental health and wellbeing are a central issue in both theory and practice of psychodrama, and the specialized literature sometimes even associates the presence of pathology to a lack of spontaneity. This paper des...

  • Article
  • Open Access
627 Views
28 Pages

3 December 2025

This paper proposes the “return-to-nature” as an operational design framework for integrating spontaneous habitats and informal green areas into contemporary urban landscapes. Using spatial analysis, field observations, and open-access ec...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,248 Views
17 Pages

21 October 2024

This work recalls the basic thermodynamics of chemical processes for introducing the evaluation of the nuclear reactions’ spontaneity. The application and definition of the thermodynamic state functions of the nuclear processes have been descri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,719 Views
11 Pages

Spontaneous Hyperventilation Is Common in Patients with Spontaneous Cerebellar Hemorrhage, and Its Severity Is Associated with Outcome

  • Zhuangzhuang Miao,
  • Huajian Wang,
  • Zhi Cai,
  • Jin Lei,
  • Xueyan Wan,
  • Yu Li,
  • Junwen Wang,
  • Kai Zhao,
  • Hongquan Niu and
  • Ting Lei

22 September 2022

Background: The spontaneous hyperventilation (SHV) accompanying spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage has yet to attract a sufficient amount of attention. This study aimed to analyze the incidence of SHV in spontaneous cerebellar hemorrhage patients and...

  • Interesting Images
  • Open Access
1 Citations
2,535 Views
5 Pages

Spontaneous Left External Iliac Vein Rupture

  • Cosmina Fugărețu,
  • Cătalin Mișarca,
  • Gina Vlada,
  • Andrada Cîrnațiu,
  • Cosmin Buzea and
  • Daniela Marinescu

16 November 2022

Spontaneous rupture of the Iliac Vein is very rare in practice. In over 90% of cases, the venous lesion is located on the left side. The exact etiology of this condition is unknown. Spontaneous injury of the iliac vein is thought to be favored by int...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,467 Views
17 Pages

On Spontaneous Dispersion as a Cause of Microstratification of Metal Melts

  • Olga A. Chikova,
  • Vladimir S. Tsepelev and
  • Kseniya Yu. Shmakova

8 May 2024

The phenomenon of spontaneous dispersion is considered as the cause of the microstratification of metal melts. In a microstratification melt, a violation of long-range order in the arrangement of atoms (LRO) is observed, which corresponds to a disper...

  • Interesting Images
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,339 Views
7 Pages

The spontaneous rupture of the esophageal diverticulum is a rare condition that occurs without any warning signs. Its incidence is low, but the mortality rate is high. This paper reports a case of spontaneous esophageal diverticulum rupture and analy...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4 Citations
3,244 Views
13 Pages

Spontaneous Ignition of Cryo-Compressed Hydrogen in a T-Shaped Channel System

  • Donatella Cirrone,
  • Dmitriy Makarov and
  • Vladimir Molkov

20 August 2022

Sudden releases of pressurised hydrogen may spontaneously ignite by the so-called “diffusion ignition” mechanism. Several experimental and numerical studies have been performed on spontaneous ignition for compressed hydrogen at ambient te...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,407 Views
10 Pages

Spontaneous Emission Mediated by Moiré Hyperbolic Metasurfaces

  • Yuying Liu,
  • Zhanrong Yang,
  • Tongbiao Wang,
  • Jianrong Yang,
  • Tianbao Yu and
  • Qinghua Liao

31 January 2025

We investigate the spontaneous emission of a quantum emitter (QE) placed near the twisted hyperbolic metasurfaces (HMTSs) made of graphene strips. We demonstrate that the spontaneous emission can be enhanced distinctly due to the existence of moir&ea...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
1 Citations
1,640 Views
20 Pages

24 February 2025

Urban nature exists in all cities, including spontaneous nature. Spontaneous vegetation has been well-documented in the broader ecological literature in the Northern Hemisphere in recent decades. However, the recognition of, and interest in, spontane...

  • Article
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,611 Views
9 Pages

Reproductive Factors and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion in the Jinchang Cohort

  • Xiaobin Hu,
  • Miao Miao,
  • Yana Bai,
  • Ning Cheng and
  • Xiaowei Ren

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between female reproductive status and risk of spontaneous abortion among female workers in the Jinchang Cohort. This study used data obtained from a baseline survey of the Jinchang Cohort Stud...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,532 Views
17 Pages

9 August 2024

Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores during mining can lead to severe fires. To explore the transformation of state in the whole process of spontaneous combustion of sulfide ores, the simulation experiment of the whole unsteady process of spontaneo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
4,279 Views
17 Pages

27 July 2023

Pyrophoric iron sulfides (PISs) can spontaneously oxidize and release heat when they come into contact with air, resulting in fire and explosion accidents. In order to reduce the risk of spontaneous combustion, risk assessment methods need to be deve...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,182 Views
13 Pages

Collective Spontaneous Emission Modulated by Strong Coupling in Hyperbolic Metamaterials

  • Xiangting Wang,
  • Mengcheng Guan,
  • Tongbiao Wang,
  • Tianbao Yu and
  • Qinghua Liao

We study the collective spontaneous emission of two quantum emitters (QEs) placed near a semiconductor hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) composed of a multilayer quantum well (MQW) and doped n+-In0.53Ga0.47As. The spontaneous emissions of two identical Q...

  • Interesting Images
  • Open Access
1 Citations
4,001 Views
3 Pages

Spontaneous Remission and Concomitant Progression in a Patient with DLBCL

  • Eun Ji Han,
  • Jihyun Kim,
  • Suk Young Park and
  • Joo Hyun O

14 November 2020

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma. Although DLBCL can be cured in more than half of all patients, up to 50% of patients become refractory to initial treatment or relapse after complete remission. We present a c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,574 Views
19 Pages

Lattice Boltzmann Modeling of Spontaneous Imbibition in Variable-Diameter Capillaries

  • Rundong Gong,
  • Xiukun Wang,
  • Lei Li,
  • Kaikai Li,
  • Ran An and
  • Chenggang Xian

9 June 2022

Previous micro-scale studies of the effect of pore structure on spontaneous imbibition are mainly limited to invariable-diameter capillaries. However, in real oil and gas reservoir formations, the capillary diameters are changing and interconnected....

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,294 Views
15 Pages

Spontaneous Regression of Intracranial Aneurysms—Case Report and Systematic Review of the Literature

  • Kristina Catalano,
  • Lukas Andereggen,
  • Gerrit A. Schubert,
  • Serge Marbacher and
  • Basil E. Grüter

Background/Objectives: The natural course of intracranial aneurysms (IAs) remains unclear. Many of them remain stable over time and few experience patterns of growth. The spontaneous regression of IAs without any microsurgical or endovascular treatme...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
3,401 Views
10 Pages

Maternal Passive Smoking, Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk of Spontaneous Abortion

  • Shiqi Lin,
  • Jiajia Li,
  • Yuan Zhang,
  • Xinming Song,
  • Gong Chen and
  • Lijun Pei

6 September 2022

Background: Maternal passive smoking and vitamin D deficiency might elevate risk of spontaneous abortion. The study aimed to investigate the association of co-exposure to passive smoking and vitamin D deficiency with the risk of spontaneous abortion....

  • Article
  • Open Access
3 Citations
3,011 Views
9 Pages

Assessment of The Factors Related to The Spontaneous Passage of Common Bile Duct Stones

  • Bayram İnan,
  • Ahmet Akbay,
  • İbrahim Ethem Güven and
  • Osman Ersoy

Background: Common bile duct (CBD) stones may pass spontaneously without any intervention. Assessment of the predictors of spontaneous passage can contribute to avoiding unnecessary endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) implementation...

  • Feature Paper
  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
3,769 Views
20 Pages

Transcriptomic Analysis of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Spontaneous Tumor

  • Alexander Tkachenko,
  • Irina Dodueva,
  • Varvara Tvorogova,
  • Alexander Predeus,
  • Olga Pravdina,
  • Ksenia Kuznetsova and
  • Ludmila Lutova

3 May 2021

Spontaneous tumors can develop in different organs of various plant species without any pathogen infection and, as a rule, appear in plants with a certain genotype: Mutants, interspecific hybrids, etc. In particular, among the inbred lines of radish...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
3,187 Views
16 Pages

Diversity of Spontaneous Plants in Eco-Parks and Its Relationship with Environmental Characteristics of Parks

  • Yifan Yang,
  • Qingqing Yu,
  • Dongshi Fu,
  • Yuting Hou,
  • Yanfan Chen,
  • Tingting Guo,
  • Hao Chen,
  • Hai Yan,
  • Feng Shao and
  • Yinke Zhang

4 May 2023

Suburban areas connect the city and the natural land. This kind of area is subject to high ecological sensitivity. To give full play to the ecological value of spontaneous plants, it was applied to the construction of suburban parks. We need to explo...

  • Article
  • Open Access
19 Citations
5,740 Views
27 Pages

19 January 2021

Amplified Spontaneous Emission is ubiquitous in systems with optical gain and is responsible for many opportunities and shortcomings. Its role in the progression from the simplest form of thermal radiation (single emitter spontaneous emission) all th...

  • Article
  • Open Access
11 Citations
4,566 Views
17 Pages

Distribution Pattern and Factors Influencing Spontaneous Plant Diversity in Different Wetland Habitats

  • Yifan Yang,
  • Bin Xu,
  • Qingqing Yu,
  • Likun Fan,
  • Tingting Guo,
  • Dongshi Fu,
  • Hao Chen,
  • Hai Yan,
  • Feng Shao and
  • Xiaopeng Li

12 October 2022

Wetlands contain a large number of spontaneous plants, and the ecological value of such plants should not be underestimated. However, the influence of the surrounding environment on the composition of spontaneous plants in wetlands is still unclear....

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
12 Citations
12,222 Views
8 Pages

What Can Trigger Spontaneous Regression of Breast Cancer?

  • Nicoletta D’Alessandris,
  • Angela Santoro,
  • Damiano Arciuolo,
  • Giuseppe Angelico,
  • Michele Valente,
  • Giulia Scaglione,
  • Stefania Sfregola,
  • Angela Carlino,
  • Elena Navarra and
  • Gian Franco Zannoni
  • + 1 author

Background: Spontaneous regression of tumors is a rare phenomenon in which cancer volume is reduced or, alternatively, a tumor completely disappears in the absence of any pharmacological treatment. This phenomenon has previously been described in sev...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
4 Citations
2 Pages

Spontaneous Rupture of Kidney: A Rare Presentation of Nephrolithiasis

  • Poras Chaudhary,
  • Sachin Khandelwal,
  • Rana A.K. Singh and
  • Upendra C. Biswal

26 September 2012

Spontaneous rupture of kidney is a rare clinical entity. A 35-year-old female presented in emergency with left flank pain and features suggestive of haemorrhagic shock. Investigations showed rupture of kidney with perinephric haematoma. Emergency lef...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
144 Views
4 Pages

Recurrent Spontaneous Coronary Artery Dissection in a 46-Year-Old Woman

  • Marco Amoruso,
  • Tiziano Moccetti and
  • Giovanni Pedrazzini
Cardiovasc. Med.2014, 17(9), 1;https://doi.org/10.4414/cvm.2014.00273 
(registering DOI)

24 September 2014

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection is a rather rare cause of chest pain. Recurrent spontaneous dissection is even more uncommon and the extant literature reports very few cases. We describe the case of a 46-year-old woman, who presented two spont...

  • Article
  • Open Access
13 Citations
2,551 Views
15 Pages

Study on the Prediction Model of Coal Spontaneous Combustion Limit Parameters and Its Application

  • Wei Wang,
  • Ran Liang,
  • Yun Qi,
  • Xinchao Cui,
  • Jiao Liu and
  • Kailong Xue

7 October 2023

The limit parameters of coal spontaneous combustion are important indicators for determining the risk of spontaneous combustion in coal seams. By analyzing the limit parameters of coal spontaneous combustion, the dangerous areas of coal spontaneous c...

  • Article
  • Open Access
14 Citations
2,632 Views
17 Pages

Analysis of the Current Status and Hot Technologies of Coal Spontaneous Combustion Warning

  • Feiran Wang,
  • Zhansuo Ji,
  • Haiyan Wang,
  • Yue Chen,
  • Tao Wang,
  • Ruoyi Tao,
  • Chang Su and
  • Guchen Niu

18 August 2023

Coal spontaneous combustion disasters are one of the most serious types of mine disasters in China at present, posing a huge threat to underground personal safety and coal production operations. In order to prevent and control coal spontaneous combus...

  • Article
  • Open Access
1,231 Views
17 Pages

Experimental Investigation of Factors Influencing Spontaneous Imbibition in Shale Reservoirs

  • Li Liu,
  • Yi-Min Wang,
  • Ai-Wei Zheng,
  • Ji-Qing Li,
  • Qian Zhang,
  • Ya-Wan Tang,
  • Wen-Xin Yang,
  • Mingjun Chen and
  • Shuqiang Shi

11 February 2025

The flowback rate of fracturing fluid in shale reservoirs is often notably low, primarily due to the spontaneous imbibition of the water-based fracturing fluid. Despite their significance, the factors influencing spontaneous imbibition in shale reser...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
3 Citations
768 Views
4 Pages

30 October 2017

Spontaneous cancer regression, either partial or complete, is a rare phenomenon, particularly in patients with lung cancer. The present paper is the Case Report of an elderly lung cancer patient aged 80 who exhibited spontaneous regression of the pri...

  • Article
  • Open Access
12 Citations
2,343 Views
16 Pages

12 September 2023

In order to quickly and accurately predict borehole spontaneous combustion danger and avoid borehole spontaneous combustion fires, a borehole spontaneous combustion prediction model combining the Hunger Games search optimization algorithm (HGS) and R...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
3,337 Views
16 Pages

Thermodynamics of Imidazolium-Based Ionic Liquids for Inhibiting the Spontaneous Combustion of Sulfide Ore

  • Jiaxin Tian,
  • Kai Pan,
  • Zhihui Lang,
  • Rui Huang,
  • Wenrui Sun,
  • Hanyu Chu,
  • Haotong Ren,
  • Lingyu Dong,
  • Yawen Li and
  • Hui Liu
  • + 1 author

29 June 2022

Spontaneous combustion of sulfide ore is one of the most common disasters in the process of ore mining, storage, and transportation, which can lead to a series of safety and environmental problems, thus affecting sustainable development in society. I...

  • Review
  • Open Access
43 Citations
5,941 Views
16 Pages

Opportunities and Challenges of Understanding Community Assembly in Spontaneous Food Fermentation

  • Maanasa Mudoor Sooresh,
  • Benjamin P. Willing and
  • Benjamin C. T. Bourrie

3 February 2023

Spontaneous fermentations that do not rely on backslopping or industrial starter cultures were especially important to the early development of society and are still practiced around the world today. While current literature on spontaneous fermentati...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2,975 Views
12 Pages

Mapping Spontaneous Cooperation between Children in Automata Construction Workshops

  • Graça Bidarra,
  • Anália Santos,
  • Piedade Vaz-Rebelo,
  • Oliver Thiel,
  • Carlos Barreira,
  • Valentim Alferes,
  • Joana Almeida,
  • Inês Machado,
  • Corinna Bartoletti and
  • Nelly Kostova
  • + 6 authors

22 March 2021

This work analyzes spontaneous cooperation between children who participated in Automata for STEM, European Union funded Erasmus+ project workshops. Taking into account the characteristics of automata, that involve a narrative part and a mechanism, t...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
1,806 Views
14 Pages

19 July 2023

In order to avoid missing the best opportunity for emergency rescue in the event of spontaneous combustion and to prevent accidents from developing further, this paper proposed a method to generate an emergency response plan for spontaneous combustio...

  • Article
  • Open Access
271 Views
43 Pages

14 January 2026

Spontaneous living spaces are public activity venues within cities that emerge through residents’ autonomous creation and informal planning. Although these spaces may appear disorganized, they serve vital functions: fostering social interaction...

  • Article
  • Open Access
2 Citations
2,424 Views
17 Pages

The Gradient of Spontaneous Oscillations Across Cortical Hierarchies Measured by Wearable Magnetoencephalography

  • Xiaoyu Liang,
  • Yuyu Ma,
  • Huanqi Wu,
  • Ruilin Wang,
  • Ruonan Wang,
  • Changzeng Liu,
  • Yang Gao and
  • Xiaolin Ning

The spontaneous oscillations within the brain are intimately linked to the hierarchical structures of the cortex, as evidenced by the cross-cortical gradient between parametrized spontaneous oscillations and cortical locations. Despite the significan...

  • Article
  • Open Access
39 Citations
4,232 Views
17 Pages

Study on the Effect of Extraneous Moisture on the Spontaneous Combustion of Coal and Its Mechanism of Action

  • Yuguo Wu,
  • Yulong Zhang,
  • Jie Wang,
  • Xiaoyu Zhang,
  • Junfeng Wang and
  • Chunshan Zhou

16 April 2020

It is imperative to have an in-depth understanding of the effect of extraneous moisture on the spontaneous combustion of coal not only for the control and prevention of coal spontaneous combustion in the coal mining industry, but also for the optimiz...

  • Article
  • Open Access
7 Citations
7,086 Views
13 Pages

Treatment, Outcome, and Relapse of Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak

  • Yi-Cheng Tai,
  • Yi-Sheng Tai,
  • Chang-Hsien Ou,
  • Chun-Chung Lui,
  • Hao-Kuang Wang,
  • Hung-Chang Kuo and
  • Shih-Pin Hsu

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak can be spontaneous or nonspontaneous. The management options include conservative treatments, blood patch, and surgical repairs. We compared clinical symptoms, image findings, management options, hospitalization, and re...

  • Article
  • Open Access
6 Citations
4,667 Views
15 Pages

Spontaneous Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in a Pediatric Population in a Tertiary Hospital

  • Laura López-Valverde,
  • Èlia Domènech,
  • Marc Roguera,
  • Ignasi Gich,
  • Magí Farré,
  • Carlos Rodrigo and
  • Eva Montané

26 November 2021

The pediatric population is a vulnerable group for adverse drug reactions (ADRs), and data on spontaneous reporting of ADRs in the hospital setting are scarce. We conducted a retrospective analysis of ADRs in pediatric patients spontaneously reported...

  • Article
  • Open Access
9 Citations
1,473 Views
19 Pages

Optimization of a Marker Gas for Analyzing and Predicting the Spontaneous Combustion Period of Coking Coal

  • Peizhong Lu,
  • Yuxuan Huang,
  • Peng Jin,
  • Shouguo Yang,
  • Man Wang and
  • Xiaochuan Wang

27 November 2023

The adequate assessment of the spontaneous combustion and oxidation characteristics of coking coal can help to reduce its spontaneous combustion potential. In this study, the natural ignition period of the Hex coking coal seam at Ping Coal was calcul...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
1,269 Views
9 Pages

28 March 2025

Background and Clinical Significance: Full-thickness macular hole (FTMH) is a common retinal condition that impairs detailed vision, with idiopathic causes being the most prevalent. Small macular holes (<250 µm) have the potential for sponta...

  • Review
  • Open Access
33 Citations
4,096 Views
15 Pages

Incidence and Determinants of Spontaneous Cardioversion of Early Onset Symptomatic Atrial Fibrillation

  • Marco Valerio Mariani,
  • Nicola Pierucci,
  • Agostino Piro,
  • Sara Trivigno,
  • Cristina Chimenti,
  • Gioacchino Galardo,
  • Fabio Miraldi and
  • Carmine Dario Vizza

24 October 2022

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most frequent chronic arrhythmia worldwide, and it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, making it a considerable burden both to patients and the healthcare system. Nowadays, an early attempt to resto...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
2,200 Views
18 Pages

Study on the Variation Laws and Fractal Characteristics of Acoustic Emission during Coal Spontaneous Combustion

  • Jueli Yin,
  • Linchao Shi,
  • Zhen Liu,
  • Wei Lu,
  • Xingsong Pan,
  • Zedong Zhuang,
  • Lei Jiao and
  • Biao Kong

7 March 2023

Acoustic emission (AE) technology has the advantage of online localization to study the change laws of AE in the process of coal spontaneous combustion and to reveal the generation mechanisms of AE signal during the process of heating and rupture of...

  • Article
  • Open Access
15 Citations
8,573 Views
20 Pages

Structural Manipulation of the Conjugated Phenyl Moiety in 3-Phenylbenzofulvene Monomers: Effects on Spontaneous Polymerization

  • Marco Paolino,
  • Giorgio Grisci,
  • Annalisa Reale,
  • Vincenzo Razzano,
  • Germano Giuliani,
  • Alessandro Donati,
  • Raniero Mendichi,
  • Daniele Piovani,
  • Antonella C. Boccia and
  • Andrea Cappelli
  • + 2 authors

7 July 2018

Spontaneous polymerization is an intriguing phenomenon in which pure monomers begin their polymerization without initiators or catalysts. Previously, 3-phenylbenzofulvene monomers were found to polymerize spontaneously after solvent removal. Here, ei...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
961 Views
13 Pages

Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hematoma in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: Diagnostic and Management Challenges—A Literature Review

  • Alexandra Sandu,
  • Dan Bratu,
  • Alin Mihețiu,
  • Dragos Serban and
  • Ciprian Tănăsescu

3 October 2025

Background: Spontaneous retroperitoneal hematomas constitute a rare clinical entity, yet their incidence has markedly increased during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The pathophysiological substrate is incompletely elucidated, being influenced by anticoagu...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
4 Citations
1 Page

Obstructive hydrocephalus is a neurological emergency that needs to be immediately identified and treated. It very rarely resolves without treatment. We report about an 86-year-old man with right frontal stroke who developed obstructive hydrocephalus...

  • Case Report
  • Open Access
4 Citations
10,981 Views
4 Pages

11 December 2020

Pediatric spontaneous pneumomediastinum is an uncommon condition associated with infection, trauma, or coexisting structural lung pathology. Exercise-related spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum are rarely reported. However, sever...

  • Systematic Review
  • Open Access
27 Citations
5,154 Views
12 Pages

Causes and Risk Factors of Pediatric Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage—A Systematic Review

  • Urszula Maria Ciochon,
  • Julie Bolette Brix Bindslev,
  • Christina Engel Hoei-Hansen,
  • Thomas Clement Truelsen,
  • Vibeke Andrée Larsen,
  • Michael Bachmann Nielsen and
  • Adam Espe Hansen

Previous studies suggest that the most common cause of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in children and adolescents is arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). However, an update containing recently published data on pediatric spontaneous intracranial...

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