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Keywords = suid alphaherpesvirus 1

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14 pages, 1782 KB  
Article
Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Divergent Host Cell Responses to Classical and Variant Pseudorabies Virus Strains
by Zihan Yang, Xi Yang, Yuqing Duan, Pei Zhu, Jinping Wang, Mengting Zuo, Yun Zhou, Kewei Fan, Lei Tan and Jun Yao
Vet. Sci. 2026, 13(3), 226; https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci13030226 - 27 Feb 2026
Viewed by 496
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), also called suid alphaherpesvirus 1, is a double-stranded linear DNA virus belonging to the subfamily Alphaherpsvirinae of the family Herpesviridae [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases: 2nd Edition)
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15 pages, 1320 KB  
Review
Insight into the Interaction Mechanism of Pseudorabies Virus Infection
by Xiaoyong Chen and Ziding Yu
Biology 2024, 13(12), 1013; https://doi.org/10.3390/biology13121013 - 4 Dec 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3830
Abstract
The pseudorabies virus (PRV), also known as suid alphaherpesvirus 1 (SuAHV-1), has garnered significant attention due to its broad host range and the economic losses it incurs in the swine industry. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the intricate virus–host [...] Read more.
The pseudorabies virus (PRV), also known as suid alphaherpesvirus 1 (SuAHV-1), has garnered significant attention due to its broad host range and the economic losses it incurs in the swine industry. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the intricate virus–host interactions during PRV infection, focusing on the evasion strategies of the virus against the host responses. We also summarize the mechanisms by which PRV manipulates the host cell machinery to facilitate its replication and spread, while simultaneously evading detection and clearance by the immune system. Furthermore, we discuss the latest advancements, such as metabolic, autophagic, and apoptotic pathways in studying these interactions, highlighting the role of various cellular factors and pathways in elucidating virus–host dynamics. By integrating these insights, the article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying PRV pathogenesis and host response, paving the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against this virus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Host–Pathogen Interactions and Pathogenesis)
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12 pages, 5890 KB  
Case Report
Retrieving Historical Cases of Aujeszky’s Disease in Sicily (Italy): Report of a Natural Outbreak Affecting Sheep, Goats, Dogs, Cats and Foxes and Considerations on Critical Issues and Perspectives in Light of the Recent EU Regulation 429/2016
by Vincenzo Di Marco Lo Presti, Ana Moreno, Anna Castelli, Dorotea Ippolito, Antonino Aliberti, Benedetta Amato, Maria Vitale, Michele Fiasconaro and Flavia Pruiti Ciarello
Pathogens 2021, 10(10), 1301; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10101301 - 9 Oct 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3389
Abstract
Aujeszky’s disease is caused by Suid alphaherpesvirus 1, and its main reservoir host is the pig. However, other species are also susceptible. Infection with this virus causes a severe neurological clinical picture named Aujeszky’s disease, usually accompanied by itching and death a [...] Read more.
Aujeszky’s disease is caused by Suid alphaherpesvirus 1, and its main reservoir host is the pig. However, other species are also susceptible. Infection with this virus causes a severe neurological clinical picture named Aujeszky’s disease, usually accompanied by itching and death a few days after the onset of symptoms. This study reports a multi-species outbreak of Aujeszky’s disease that occurred in Sicily, which led to the death of 2 goats, 15 sheep, 2 dogs, 2 cats and 2 foxes. The diagnosis was made by culture, indirect immunofluorescence on brain samples and confirmed by biological test on rabbits. This study reports the first cases of Aujeszky’s disease in Italy in cats, goat and sheep. The finding of Aujeszky’s disease in several species in Sicily suggests a potential epizootic risk. In such areas where a multi-host system is recognised, an analysis of the risk factors should be carried out in order to develop targeted strategies for the control and eradication of the disease. The critical issues that hinder the control of Aujeszky’s disease in the studied territory and perspectives for eradication in the light of EU regulation 429/2016 are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Viral Pathogens)
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2 pages, 145 KB  
Editorial
Pseudorabies Virus Infections
by Barbara G. Klupp
Pathogens 2021, 10(6), 719; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060719 - 8 Jun 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3321
Abstract
Suid alphaherpesvirus 1 (SuHV-1), better known as Pseudorabies virus (PrV), an alphaherpesvirus of swine, is the causative agent of Aujeszky’s Disease [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pseudorabies Virus Infections)
11 pages, 1256 KB  
Article
Detection and Characterization of Viral Pathogens Associated with Reproductive Failure in Wild Boars in Central Italy
by Maria Irene Pacini, Mario Forzan, Giovanni Cilia, Fabrizio Bertelloni, Filippo Fratini and Maurizio Mazzei
Animals 2021, 11(2), 304; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani11020304 - 25 Jan 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3345
Abstract
Wild boar and domestic swine share several pathogens, including viruses responsible for reproductive failures, representing an important sanitary and economic risk for the swine industry. Among them, suid herpesvirus 1 (SuHV-1), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) are widely diffused [...] Read more.
Wild boar and domestic swine share several pathogens, including viruses responsible for reproductive failures, representing an important sanitary and economic risk for the swine industry. Among them, suid herpesvirus 1 (SuHV-1), porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) and porcine parvovirus 1 (PPV1) are widely diffused in the wild boar population. Unfortunately, little is known about their pathogenetic mechanisms and impact on the reproductive parameters of wild animals. This study aims to investigate the presence of viruses responsible for reproductive failure in pregnant wild boar sows and their foetuses. The investigation was conducted on 46 pregnant wild boar and their foetuses by molecular analysis; a phylogenetic study was performed on the positive samples. All of the investigated pathogens were identified in sows, while only herpesvirus and circovirus were detected in the tissues of their foetuses. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viral sequences obtained from the positive wild boars were closely related to those previously identified in domestic swine belonging to the same study areas. The results suggest that SuHV-1 and PCV2 can infect wild boar foetuses, with a possible impact on wild boar reproductive performance. Moreover, our data highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of swine pathogens circulating in wild environments, so as to carry out adequate sanitary actions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zoonoses: Wild and Domestic Animal Interaction)
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7 pages, 1978 KB  
Review
Aujeszky’s Disease and the Development of the Marker/DIVA Vaccination Concept
by Thomas C. Mettenleiter
Pathogens 2020, 9(7), 563; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9070563 - 12 Jul 2020
Cited by 47 | Viewed by 6866
Abstract
Aujeszky’s disease or pseudorabies is an infection of animals caused by Suid alphaherpesvirus 1, also designated as pseudorabies virus (PrV). Whereas many mammals are susceptible to PrV, only pigs are able to survive productive infection. Early reports on this disease originate from cattle [...] Read more.
Aujeszky’s disease or pseudorabies is an infection of animals caused by Suid alphaherpesvirus 1, also designated as pseudorabies virus (PrV). Whereas many mammals are susceptible to PrV, only pigs are able to survive productive infection. Early reports on this disease originate from cattle and companion animals with the hallmark sign of “mad itch”, meaning development of pruritus. Although first reports date back to the early 19th century, it was Aladár Aujeszky who in 1902 described this disease, which has since been named after him, as a separate entity. AD expanded in the 20th century, despite efforts to control this infection in the growing pig farming industry. Live-attenuated vaccines were developed in the early 1960s, which assisted early eradication efforts. A major breakthrough in animal vaccinology occurred in the mid-1980s, when it was found that several live-attenuated PrV vaccine strains lacked a significant portion of the genome, including the gene encoding a major immunogenic viral envelope glycoprotein. Upon the development of a suitable serological assay, the first marker vaccine/DIVA concept (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) was developed. Moreover, the first genetically modified live vaccines emanated from molecular work on PrV. Thus, AD serves as a hallmark for the history of veterinary virology as well as for pioneering novel strategies for controlling animal infectious diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pseudorabies Virus Infections)
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8 pages, 655 KB  
Communication
Detection of Pseudorabies Virus in Wild Boar Foetus
by Maria Irene Pacini, Mario Forzan, Giovanni Cilia, Lucrezia Bernardini, Filippo Marzoli, Francesca Pedonese, Patrizia Bandecchi, Filippo Fratini and Maurizio Mazzei
Animals 2020, 10(2), 366; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020366 - 24 Feb 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 4884
Abstract
Pseudorabies, or Aujeszky’s disease, is a notifiable worldwide infection of domestic and feral swine that causes economic losses for the swine industry. In domestic pigs, the virus is responsible for nervous and/or respiratory symptoms; in pregnant sows, it is one of the major [...] Read more.
Pseudorabies, or Aujeszky’s disease, is a notifiable worldwide infection of domestic and feral swine that causes economic losses for the swine industry. In domestic pigs, the virus is responsible for nervous and/or respiratory symptoms; in pregnant sows, it is one of the major causes of stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, and infertility (SMEDI). It is known that PRV infection in wild boar is associated with low pathogenicity and attenuated or absent symptomatology, but limited information is available about the ability of the virus to infect the foetuses of infected wild boar pregnant sows. Due to scarce information about the reproductive consequences, we investigate the possible intrauterine vertical transmission of the virus in wild boar pregnant sow living in a highly infected area. A number of 54 hunted wild boar were sampled during 2018–2019, and blood, genital and nasal swabs, placenta, and fetuses were collected for serological and molecular investigations. A seroprevalence of 74% (40/54) was detected, while 1/24 pregnant sow and 1/24 pooled foetuses tested positive by PCR (gene gB). This is the first evidence of viral detection in foetuses from seropositive pregnant wild boar. This finding suggests the possible pathogenetic role of PRV on pregnancy in wild boar and the existence of an additional transmission route. Full article
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