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Lubricants
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Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes
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Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2026 | Viewed by 2683

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Alan Hase

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, Yokohama 221-8686, Kanagawa, Japan
Interests: adhesive wear; abrasive wear; fatigue wear; wear of specific materials; seizure/scoring/scuffing; electrolytic corrosion/electric wear; tribomagnetization; journal bearings; rolling bearings; brakes; machining; ultrasonic/acoustic emission methods; friction and wear testing machines/testing methods; in situ observations; in situ measurements
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the downsizing and upgrading of various machine parts has progressed rapidly, and machining and surface fabrication technologies have been studied in various fields in order to obtain superior quality. In order to maintain machining accuracy and surface quality, it is very important to understand the machining conditions. However, the interface between the tool (including abrasive grains) and the workpiece is extremely complex due to the tribological phenomena involved: friction, wear, and lubrication. Therefore, studies on the analysis, evaluation, and diagnosis of tribological phenomena in machining processes will become more valuable in the future.

The Special Issue entitled "Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes" welcomes original papers dealing with the analysis, evaluation, and diagnosis of tribological phenomena in machining processes (cutting, grinding, polishing, etc.) from various viewpoints such as test methods, measurement methods, surface analysis methods, and data analysis methods. In addition, the latest topics are welcomed for a wide range of not only experimental but also simulation to achieve a deeper understanding of machining processes in different materials and production systems. We hope that this Special Issue will be used to make breakthroughs in the field of production technology for the future to realize a sustainable society. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Alan Hase
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • tribology
  • friction
  • wear
  • lubrication
  • surface
  • machining
  • cutting
  • grinding
  • polishing
  • data analysis

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 25057 KB  
Article
A Steering Mechanism for Peristaltic Robots Inspired by Snail Motion
by Lan Wu, Jiangfeng Yuan, Shuaijun Zhang, Xiaoyan Jin, Chunye Wu and Yanyu Sun
Lubricants 2026, 14(4), 173; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14040173 - 18 Apr 2026
Viewed by 284
Abstract
Although extensive research has been conducted on peristaltic robots, early designs are often constrained by mechanical configurations and material constraints, which restrict kinematic capability, particularly steering control. In contrast, snails steer by modulating mucus secretion to redistribute ventral friction along the foot. Inspired [...] Read more.
Although extensive research has been conducted on peristaltic robots, early designs are often constrained by mechanical configurations and material constraints, which restrict kinematic capability, particularly steering control. In contrast, snails steer by modulating mucus secretion to redistribute ventral friction along the foot. Inspired by this strategy, we propose a friction-differential steering mechanism and develop a novel crawler that implements it. The crawler is integrated with a peristaltic robot, and three experiments are conducted to evaluate steering performance. We further establish a physical model of friction-differential steering, including cases identified from the experiments. The proposed model captures the experimentally observed trend that the steering response increases with the friction differential and provides a qualitative physical interpretation of the steering mechanism. Finally, the method is generalized by analyzing its limiting behavior, thereby clarifying the operating bounds of the proposed approach. This work provides a principled framework for steering control in peristaltic robots and offers a promising direction for improving their motion controllability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes)
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19 pages, 8878 KB  
Article
Comparative Performance of Ni- and Fe-Based Mixed Alloy Brazed Coatings via Laser Remelting
by Marco Brand, Mareen Goßling, Ion-Dragoş Uțu and Gabriela Mărginean
Lubricants 2026, 14(4), 142; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14040142 - 29 Mar 2026
Viewed by 553
Abstract
Traditionally, repairing coated substrates requires completely removing damaged, wear-resistant layers before recoating. This process leads to high costs, extended downtime, and material waste. Flexible brazing tapes, which are composed of alloy powder and an organic binder, offer an alternative to full coating removal [...] Read more.
Traditionally, repairing coated substrates requires completely removing damaged, wear-resistant layers before recoating. This process leads to high costs, extended downtime, and material waste. Flexible brazing tapes, which are composed of alloy powder and an organic binder, offer an alternative to full coating removal for targeted repairs. Despite this, the process of vacuum brazing these tapes may lead to the formation of defects, including pores caused by trapped gases or residual binder, which compromise coating durability and corrosion resistance. This study focuses on the utilization of laser remelting as a method for post-processing nickel- and iron-based mixed alloy brazing tapes, with the aim of improving the integrity of the coating. Surface quality was assessed via microscopy and microhardness testing by systematically varying laser power, scanning speed, and hatch distance. Among the parameters studied, the most suitable laser parameter combination was found to be 350 W laser power, 250 mm/s scanning speed, and a hatch distance of 0.02 mm. These parameters yielded crack- and pore-free coatings with a remelting depth of 160.3 ± 17.2 µm and a microhardness of 701 ± 23 HV1, which is an 85% increase over as-brazed samples. Wear testing revealed a reduced coefficient of friction, and electrochemical corrosion tests showed lower corrosion current density and enhanced repassivation behavior in remelted coatings. These improvements demonstrate that laser remelting significantly enhances the microstructure, hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion performance of brazed coatings, providing an effective method for localized repair while minimizing material consumption and processing duration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes)
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29 pages, 3784 KB  
Article
Physicochemical Degradation and Elemental Contamination of Marine Diesel Fuel During Storage and Handling Conditions
by Stamatios Kalligeros, Despina Cheilari and George Veropoulos
Lubricants 2026, 14(3), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14030120 - 11 Mar 2026
Viewed by 642
Abstract
The present study examines the physicochemical degradation and elemental contamination of marine distillate diesel fuels, which were stored in land-based tanks in operational conditions. Forty-one (41) samples, in compliance with ELOT ISO 8217:2024 were analyzed for crucial physicochemical properties. Stepwise regression identified magnesium [...] Read more.
The present study examines the physicochemical degradation and elemental contamination of marine distillate diesel fuels, which were stored in land-based tanks in operational conditions. Forty-one (41) samples, in compliance with ELOT ISO 8217:2024 were analyzed for crucial physicochemical properties. Stepwise regression identified magnesium (Mg) (positive) and chromium (Cr) (negative) as significant viscosity predictors (R2 = 0.269, p = 0.003, VIF < 2), while calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and Ferrous (Fe) were excluded due to multicollinearity. Strong correlations (r > 0.85) between element pairs (Cu-Pb) (r = 0.996), Ca-Zn (r = 0.897), and P-Ca (r = 0.888) indicate common sources from lubricant additives (ZDDP) and brass corrosion, with individual correlations recorded for Ca (showing r = 0.679, p < 0.001), P (r = 0.722, p < 0.001), and Zn (r = 0.595, p < 0.001). The results revealed that fuels stored in carbon steel tanks under high-humidity conditions for over six (6) months recorded higher metal loads than those in stainless steel tanks with regular periodic supply. The FAME content in the studied samples ranged from 6.7 to 7.1% v/v and showed no significant correlation with degradation indicators (p > 0.05). The narrow FAME range examined precludes definitive conclusions regarding specific biodiesel effects. The threshold of 0.2 mg/kg, as set by manufacturers’ guidelines to protect injectors, was exceeded in the coastal carbon steel tank samples with eight (8) months of storage under high-humidity conditions and in the coastal carbon steel tank samples with nine (9) months of storage under high-humidity conditions examined. The current study offers a systematic correlation between viscosity and elemental contamination for marine distillate fuels under operational storage conditions regarding real-world samples. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes)
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15 pages, 8607 KB  
Article
Identification and Evaluation of Tool Tip Contact and Cutting State Using AE Sensing in Ultra-Precision Micro Lathes
by Alan Hase
Lubricants 2026, 14(1), 7; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants14010007 - 23 Dec 2025
Viewed by 543
Abstract
The growing demand for miniature mechanical components has increased the importance of ultra-precision micro machine tools and real-time monitoring. This study examines acoustic emission (AE) sensing for the intelligent control of an ultra-precision micro lathe. AE signals were measured while brass and aluminum [...] Read more.
The growing demand for miniature mechanical components has increased the importance of ultra-precision micro machine tools and real-time monitoring. This study examines acoustic emission (AE) sensing for the intelligent control of an ultra-precision micro lathe. AE signals were measured while brass and aluminum alloys were turned with cermet and diamond tools at different spindle speeds and cutting depths. Finite element simulations were performed to clarify the AE generation mechanisms. The AE waveform amplitude changed stepwise corresponding to tool–workpiece contact, elastoplastic deformation, and chip formation, enabling precise contact detection at the 0.1 μm level. The AE amplitude increased with increasing spindle speed and increasing depth of cut except during abnormal conditions (e.g., workpiece adhesion). Frequency analysis revealed a dominant peak near 0.2 MHz during normal cutting, as well as high-frequency (>1 MHz) components linked to built-up edge formation. Simulations confirmed that these AE features reflect variations in the strain rate in the shear zone and on the rake face. They also confirmed that cutting force spectra under high friction reproduce the experimentally observed high-frequency peaks. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using AE sensing to identify the cutting state and support the development of self-optimizing micro machine tools. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Analysis, Evaluation and Diagnosis of Tribological Phenomena in Machining Processes)
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