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Hydrology
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Soil Water Balance
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Soil Water Balance

A special issue of Hydrology (ISSN 2306-5338). This special issue belongs to the section "Soil and Hydrology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 13469

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Antonia Longobardi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering (DICIV),Università di Salerno, Salerno, Italy
Interests: soil moisture; sustainable urban drainage systems; baseflow; hydrological drought; environmental streamflow requirements
Prof. Dr. Domenico Guida

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno (Italy), ‎Baronissi, Italy
Interests: engineering geomorphology; hydro-geomorphology; geomorphological mapping for Geohazards
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Mohamed Meddi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Hydraulique, LGEE, Blida 9000, Algeria
Interests: irrigation; water balance; hydrology; hydrogeology; water resources; climate change; groundwater; meteorology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soil water balance refers to methodologies applied to assess the amount of water held within a system, from soil column to catchment scale, at any given time. The major outcome is the knowledge of the temporal and spatial pattern of soil moisture, which is in turn one of the major control on many hydrological, agricultural, environmental, geomorphological processes. This special issue is aimed at the collection of up-to-date contributions that by methodological proposals, case studies and mathematical modelling are furthermore able to stress how human activities, land use and land cover changes and climate changes, affect the mentioned processes. Guest editors look forward manuscripts in the following focus areas (but not limited to):

- Soil water content measurements

- Soil water balance and climate dynamics

- Soil water balance and evapotranspiration

- Soil water balance for improving water use efficiency in agricultural application

- Soil water balance for groundwater recharge

- Soil water balance for soil erosion and other geomorphological hazards

Dr. Antonia Longobardi
Prof. Domenico Guida
Dr. Mohamed Meddi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Hydrology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Soil water content
  • Irrigation
  • Climate change and anthropogenic impact
  • Evapotranspiration
  • Groundwater
  • Geomorphological hazards

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3104 KiB  
Article
Quantifying Groundwater Resources for Municipal Water Use in a Data-Scarce Region
by Iolanda Borzì and Brunella Bonaccorso
Hydrology 2021, 8(4), 184; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8040184 - 16 Dec 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2496
Abstract
Groundwater is a major source of drinking water worldwide, often considered more reliable than surface water and more accessible. Nowadays, there is wide recognition by the scientific community that groundwater resources are under threat from overexploitation and pollution. Furthermore, frequent and prolonged drought [...] Read more.
Groundwater is a major source of drinking water worldwide, often considered more reliable than surface water and more accessible. Nowadays, there is wide recognition by the scientific community that groundwater resources are under threat from overexploitation and pollution. Furthermore, frequent and prolonged drought periods due to climate change can seriously affect groundwater recharge. For an appropriate and sustainable management of water systems supplied by springs and/or groundwater withdrawn from aquifers through drilling wells or drainage galleries, the need arises to properly quantify groundwater resources availability, mainly at the monthly scale, as groundwater recharge is influenced by seasonality, especially in the Mediterranean areas. Such evaluation is particularly important for ungauged groundwater bodies. This is the case of the aquifer supplying the Santissima Aqueduct, the oldest water supply infrastructure of the city of Messina in Sicily (Southern Italy), whose groundwater flows are measured only occasionally through spring water sampling at the water abstraction plants. Moreover, these plants are barely maintained because they are difficult to reach. In this study, groundwater recharge assessment for the Santissima Aqueduct is carried out through a GIS-based inverse hydrogeological balance methodology. Although this approach was originally designed to assess aquifer recharge at the annual scale, wherever a model conceptualization of the groundwater system was hindered by the lack of data, in the present study some changes are proposed to adjust the model to the monthly scale. In particular, the procedure for evapotranspiration assessment is based on the Global Aridity Index within the Budyko framework. The application of the proposed methodology shows satisfactory results, suggesting that it can be successfully applied for groundwater resources estimation in a context where monthly information is relevant for water resources planning and management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Water Balance)
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20 pages, 1547 KiB  
Article
Hydro-Geomorphologic-Based Water Budget at Event Time-Scale in A Mediterranean Headwater Catchment (Southern Italy)
by Albina Cuomo and Domenico Guida
Hydrology 2021, 8(1), 20; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8010020 - 27 Jan 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2133
Abstract
The Ciciriello catchment is a 3 km2 drainage sub-basin of the Bussento river basin, located in the southern part of the Campania Region (Southern Italy). Since 2012, this catchment has been studied using an interdisciplinary approach—geomorphological, hydrogeological, and hydrological—and a hydro-chemical monitoring [...] Read more.
The Ciciriello catchment is a 3 km2 drainage sub-basin of the Bussento river basin, located in the southern part of the Campania Region (Southern Italy). Since 2012, this catchment has been studied using an interdisciplinary approach—geomorphological, hydrogeological, and hydrological—and a hydro-chemical monitoring system. Following previous research, the aim of this paper is to calibrate, on this catchment, the hydrologic parameters for a water budget at event time-scales using the HEC-HMS model, adopting object-based hydro-geomorphological class features. Firstly, lumped modeling was performed to calibrate the hydrologic parameters from 20 observed hydrographs at the downstream monitoring station of the Ciciriello catchment. Then, physical-based rainfall–runoff modeling was conducted using three different procedures: (1) applying the recession coefficients to each outlet with a newly defined hydro-geomorphologic index (HGmI); (2) assessing the storage coefficient for each sub-basin as a weighted mean of HGmI; and (3) using the storage coefficient associated with the largest HGmI in the sub-basin. The adopted procedures were tested using diverse goodness-of-fit indices, resulting in good performance when the object-based hydro-geomorphotypes were used for the parameter calibration. The adopted procedure can thus contribute to improvements in rainfall–runoff and water budget modeling in similar ungauged catchments in Mediterranean, hilly, and forested landscapes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Water Balance)
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18 pages, 7646 KiB  
Article
Pseudo-Spatially-Distributed Modeling of Water Balance Components in the Free State of Saxony
by Thanh Thi Luong, Judith Pöschmann, Ivan Vorobevskii, Stefan Wiemann, Rico Kronenberg and Christian Bernhofer
Hydrology 2020, 7(4), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7040084 - 9 Nov 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2236
Abstract
Highly-resolved data on water balance components (such as runoff or storage) are crucial to improve water management, for example, in drought or flood situations. As regional observations of these components cannot be acquired adequately, a feasible solution is to apply water balance models. [...] Read more.
Highly-resolved data on water balance components (such as runoff or storage) are crucial to improve water management, for example, in drought or flood situations. As regional observations of these components cannot be acquired adequately, a feasible solution is to apply water balance models. We developed an innovative approach using the physically-based lumped-parameter water balance model BROOK90 (R version) integrated into a sensor network platform to derive daily water budget components for catchments in the Free State of Saxony. The model is not calibrated, but rather uses available information on soil, land use, and precipitation only. We applied the hydro response units (HRUs) approach for 6175 small and medium-sized catchments. For the evaluation, model output was cross-evaluated in ten selected head catchments in a low mountain range in Saxony. The mean values of Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) for the period 2005–2019 to these catchments are 0.63 and 0.75, for daily and monthly discharge simulations, respectively. The simulated evapotranspiration and soil wetness are in good agreement with the SMAP_L4_GPH product in April 2015–2018. The study can be enhanced by using different data platforms as well as available information on study sites. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Water Balance)
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27 pages, 6808 KiB  
Article
Modelling Actual Evapotranspiration Seasonal Variability by Meteorological Data-Based Models
by Mirka Mobilia, Marius Schmidt and Antonia Longobardi
Hydrology 2020, 7(3), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology7030050 - 2 Aug 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2965
Abstract
This study aims at illustrating a methodology for predicting monthly scale actual evapotranspiration losses only based on meteorological data, which mimics the evapotranspiration intra-annual dynamic. For this purpose, micrometeorological data at the Rollesbroich and Bondone mountain sites, which are energy-limited systems, and the [...] Read more.
This study aims at illustrating a methodology for predicting monthly scale actual evapotranspiration losses only based on meteorological data, which mimics the evapotranspiration intra-annual dynamic. For this purpose, micrometeorological data at the Rollesbroich and Bondone mountain sites, which are energy-limited systems, and the Sister site, a water-limited system, have been analyzed. Based on an observed intra-annual transition between dry and wet states governed by a threshold value of net radiation at each site, an approach that couples meteorological data-based potential evapotranspiration and actual evapotranspiration relationships has been proposed and validated against eddy covariance measurements, and further compared to two well-known actual evapotranspiration prediction models, namely the advection-aridity and the antecedent precipitation index models. The threshold approach improves the intra-annual actual evapotranspiration variability prediction, particularly during the wet state periods, and especially concerning the Sister site, where errors are almost four times smaller compared to the basic models. To further improve the prediction within the dry state periods, a calibration of the Priestley-Taylor advection coefficient was necessary. This led to an error reduction of about 80% in the case of the Sister site, of about 30% in the case of Rollesbroich, and close to 60% in the case of Bondone Mountain. For cases with a lack of measured data of net radiation and soil heat fluxes, which are essential for the implementation of the models, an application derived from empirical relationships is discussed. In addition, the study assessed whether this variation from meteorological data worsened the prediction performances of the models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Water Balance)
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10 pages, 1858 KiB  
Technical Note
Swinging-Pulse Sprinkling Head for Rain Simulators
by Petr Kavka and Martin Neumann
Hydrology 2021, 8(2), 74; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrology8020074 - 1 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2468
Abstract
Rainfall simulators are research devices that can be used for studying runoff and sediment transport on the plot scale. This technical note introduces a new solution that combines the two most commonly used methods for generating artificial rain—swinging and pulse jet systems. Reasons [...] Read more.
Rainfall simulators are research devices that can be used for studying runoff and sediment transport on the plot scale. This technical note introduces a new solution that combines the two most commonly used methods for generating artificial rain—swinging and pulse jet systems. Reasons for developing this device are its universal use, simple construction, and reduction of water consumption, with better spatial distribution of rain and rainfall kinetic energy close to that of natural conditions. Routine operations of this device are expected for plots of 1 × 1 m, with a height 2–2.5 m. The rained surface could be extended to 2 × 2 m with lower spatial distribution. The sprinkled area in this case was limited by the drain box that also collected the remaining water. The principle of the presented single-nozzle simulator can be extended to multi-nozzle simulators for larger experimental plots. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Water Balance)
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