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Diagnostics
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Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers
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Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Imaging and Theranostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 653

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Angela Santoro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: molecular biology; gynecopathology; breast pathology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Gian Franco Zannoni

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
Interests: molecular biology; gynecopathology; ovarian cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Routinary clinical practice is moving towards personalized medicine by means of biological tissutal prognostic/predictive biomarkers and next-generation sequencing applied to solid samples, liquid biopsy or also by the use of single-cell DNA/RNA sequencing. Improvements in our understanding of the molecular altered background in different gynecological malignancies have allowed more precise pathological diagnoses, effective targeted therapies, the development of new therapeutical chances as modern immunotherapies and a more correct prognostic risk stratification. In addition to histopathology coupled with molecular diagnostics, it has been shown that the potential benefits of DP (digital pathology), AI (artificial intelligence) and ML (machine learning) technologies in gynecologic tumors can greatly increase the accuracy and efficacy of cancer diagnosis, reduce diagnostic delays, and possibly eliminate the need for needless invasive operations. Oncological pretargeting has also been implemented and tested in several different ways in preclinical models and clinical trials for gynecological cancers, in particular for its suitability for imaging (PET imaging). Moreover, robotic surgical techniques are now a modern reality. The aim of this Special Issue is to highlight the different types of recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers.

Dr. Angela Santoro
Dr. Gian Franco Zannoni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Diagnostics is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • gynecological cancers
  • histopathology
  • next-generation sequencing
  • liquid biopsy
  • theranostics
  • digital pathology
  • artificial intelligence and machine learning

Published Papers (2 papers)

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10 pages, 938 KiB  
Article
MR Relaxometry for Discriminating Malignant Ovarian Cystic Tumors: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study
by Naoki Kawahara, Hiroshi Kobayashi, Tomoka Maehana, Kana Iwai, Yuki Yamada, Ryuji Kawaguchi, Junko Takahama, Nagaaki Marugami, Hirotaka Nishi, Yosuke Sakai, Hirokuni Takano, Toshiyuki Seki, Kota Yokosu, Yukihiro Hirata, Koyo Yoshida, Takafumi Ujihira and Fuminori Kimura
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1069; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111069 - 21 May 2024
Viewed by 367
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) is a well-known type of cancer that arises from ovarian endometrioma (OE). OE contains iron-rich fluid in its cysts due to repeated hemorrhages in the ovaries. However, distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors can be challenging. We conducted [...] Read more.
Background: Endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer (EAOC) is a well-known type of cancer that arises from ovarian endometrioma (OE). OE contains iron-rich fluid in its cysts due to repeated hemorrhages in the ovaries. However, distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors can be challenging. We conducted a retrospective study on magnetic resonance (MR) relaxometry of cyst fluid to distinguish EAOC from OE and reported that this method showed good accuracy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of a non-invasive method in re-evaluating pre-surgical diagnosis of malignancy by a prospective multicenter cohort study. Methods: After the standard diagnosis process, the R2 values were obtained using a 3T system. Data on the patients were then collected through the Case Report Form (CRF). Between December 2018 and March 2023, six hospitals enrolled 109 patients. Out of these, 81 patients met the criteria required for the study. Results: The R2 values calculated using MR relaxometry showed good discriminating ability with a cut-off of 15.74 (sensitivity 80.6%, specificity 75.0%, AUC = 0.750, p < 0.001) when considering atypical or borderline tumors as EAOC. When atypical and borderline cases were grouped as OE, EAOC could be distinguished with a cut-off of 16.87 (sensitivity 87.0%, specificity 61.1%). Conclusions: MR relaxometry has proven to be an effective tool for discriminating EAOC from OE. Regular use of this method is expected to provide significant insights for clinical practice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers)
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7 pages, 2747 KiB  
Interesting Images
Neuroendocrine Breast Carcinoma: Interesting Images of an Underdiagnosed Entity
by Christoforos Kosmidis, Kassiani Boulogeorgou, Panagiota Roulia, Marios Dagher, Georgios Anthimidis, Georgios Petrakis, Charilaos Koulouris, Stylianos Mantalovas, Styliani Laskou, Vasiliki Magra, Vasileios Alexandros Karakousis, Christina Sevva, Eleni Paschou, Vasileios Stergios, Stylianos Kosmidis, Chrysi Maria Mystakidou, Vasiliki Theodorou, Nikolaos Iason Katsios, Triantafyllia Koletsa, Konstantinos Sapalidis and Isaak Kesisoglouadd Show full author list remove Hide full author list
Diagnostics 2024, 14(11), 1133; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics14111133 - 29 May 2024
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Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer of the female gender. A rare subtype of breast cancer is the invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation. Its incident is believed to be 0.1% to 5% of all breast cancers. We [...] Read more.
Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer of the female gender. A rare subtype of breast cancer is the invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation. Its incident is believed to be 0.1% to 5% of all breast cancers. We report a rare case of a 66-year old woman who presented with an isolated nodule of the left breast. The patient underwent modified radical mastectomy. Pathology revealed invasive breast carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Invasive breast carcinoma is an extremely rare group of neoplasms, the exact frequency of which cannot be determined with current data. Therefore, it is necessary for future studies to focus on the pathophysiology of this subtype of breast cancer and on the potential therapeutic approaches. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers)
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