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Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Advanced Composite Structures
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Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Advanced Composite Structures

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Sensor Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 October 2024 | Viewed by 1730

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Xinlin Qing

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Aerospace Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
Interests: structural health monitoring; composite structures; multifunctional sensor network; structural integrity; engine health management; deep learning

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advanced composite materials are the ideal materials for lightweight and efficient aircraft structural design due to their high specific strength and stiffness, designable mechanical properties, and convenient integral molding. Structural health monitoring (SHM) based on distributed sensor networks permanently integrated on the surface or embedded inside the composite structure can be regarded as a revolutionary and innovative technology to determine structural integrity. It plays an important role in the whole life cycle of composite structures including design, manufacture, service, and maintenance. Many sensors can be used for SHM of composite structures, such as optical fibers, piezoelectric materials, nanomaterials, air/vacuum galleries, and Eddy current foil sensors. Some of them have been widely applied on aircraft composite structures to monitor strain, temperature, and damage.

With the rapid development of materials science, manufacturing technology, microelectronics, and information science, many multi-functional materials have emerged, which can integrate sensing, actuating, communicating, and computing. Sensors are developing towards miniaturization, intellectualization, and in situ integration, and then can be seamlessly integrated with composite structures. The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight innovative developments related to current challenges and opportunities in developing next-generation sensors for structural health monitoring of advanced composite structures. We invite investigators to contribute both original and review articles, covering research development in the areas of innovative methods and concepts of sensors, multifunctional sensor networks, sensor self-diagnostics, and diagnostic algorithms for damage qualification.

Prof. Dr. Xinlin Qing
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Sensors is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 5928 KiB  
Article
Novel Response Surface Technique for Composite Structure Localization Using Variable Acoustic Emission Velocity
by Binayak Bhandari, Phyo Thu Maung and Gangadhara B. Prusty
Sensors 2024, 24(11), 3450; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24113450 - 27 May 2024
Viewed by 262
Abstract
The time difference of arrival (TDOA) method has traditionally proven effective for locating acoustic emission (AE) sources and detecting structural defects. Nevertheless, its applicability is constrained when applied to anisotropic materials, particularly in the context of fiber-reinforced composite structures. In response, this paper [...] Read more.
The time difference of arrival (TDOA) method has traditionally proven effective for locating acoustic emission (AE) sources and detecting structural defects. Nevertheless, its applicability is constrained when applied to anisotropic materials, particularly in the context of fiber-reinforced composite structures. In response, this paper introduces a novel COmposite LOcalization using Response Surface (COLORS) algorithm based on a two-step approach for precise AE source localization suitable for laminated composite structures. Leveraging a response surface developed from critical parameters, including AE velocity profiles, attenuation rates, distances, and orientations, the proposed method offers precise AE source predictions. The incorporation of updated velocity data into the algorithm yields superior localization accuracy compared to the conventional TDOA approach relying on the theoretical AE propagation velocity. The mean absolute error (MAE) for COLORS and TDOA were found to be 6.97 mm and 8.69 mm, respectively. Similarly, the root mean square error (RMSE) for COLORS and TODA methods were found to be 9.24 mm and 12.06 mm, respectively, indicating better performance of the COLORS algorithm in the context of source location accuracy. The finding underscores the significance of AE signal attenuation in minimizing AE wave velocity discrepancies and enhancing AE localization precision. The outcome of this investigation represents a substantial advancement in AE localization within laminated composite structures, holding potential implications for improved damage detection and structural health monitoring of composite structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Advanced Composite Structures)
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21 pages, 10381 KiB  
Article
Damage Severity Assessment of Multi-Layer Complex Structures Based on a Damage Information Extraction Method with Ladder Feature Mining
by Jiajie Tu, Jiajia Yan, Xiaojin Ji, Qijian Liu and Xinlin Qing
Sensors 2024, 24(9), 2950; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24092950 - 6 May 2024
Viewed by 442
Abstract
Multi-layer complex structures are widely used in large-scale engineering structures because of their diverse combinations of properties and excellent overall performance. However, multi-layer complex structures are prone to interlaminar debonding damage during use. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor debonding damage in engineering [...] Read more.
Multi-layer complex structures are widely used in large-scale engineering structures because of their diverse combinations of properties and excellent overall performance. However, multi-layer complex structures are prone to interlaminar debonding damage during use. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor debonding damage in engineering applications to determine structural integrity. In this paper, a damage information extraction method with ladder feature mining for Lamb waves is proposed. The method is able to optimize and screen effective damage information through ladder-type damage extraction. It is suitable for evaluating the severity of debonding damage in aluminum-foamed silicone rubber, a novel multi-layer complex structure. The proposed method contains ladder feature mining stages of damage information selection and damage feature fusion, realizing a multi-level damage information extraction process from coarse to fine. The results show that the accuracy of damage severity assessment by the damage information extraction method with ladder feature mining is improved by more than 5% compared to other methods. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method in assessing the damage severity of multi-layer complex structures are demonstrated, providing a new perspective and solution for damage monitoring of multi-layer complex structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Advanced Composite Structures)
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18 pages, 5657 KiB  
Article
Guided Lamb Wave Array Time-Delay-Based MUSIC Algorithm for Impact Imaging
by Fei Zheng and Shenfang Yuan
Sensors 2024, 24(6), 1882; https://doi.org/10.3390/s24061882 - 15 Mar 2024
Viewed by 617
Abstract
Composite materials, valued in aerospace for their stiffness, strength and lightness, require impact monitoring for structural health, especially against low-velocity impacts. The MUSIC algorithm, known for efficient directional scanning and easy sensor deployment, is gaining prominence in this area. However, in practical engineering [...] Read more.
Composite materials, valued in aerospace for their stiffness, strength and lightness, require impact monitoring for structural health, especially against low-velocity impacts. The MUSIC algorithm, known for efficient directional scanning and easy sensor deployment, is gaining prominence in this area. However, in practical engineering applications, the broadband characteristics of impact response signals and the time delay errors in array elements’ signal reception lead to inconsistencies between the steering vector and the actual signal subspace, affecting the precision of the MUSIC impact localization method. Furthermore, the anisotropy of composite materials results in time delay differences between array elements in different directions. If the MUSIC algorithm uses a fixed velocity value, this also introduces time delay errors, further reducing the accuracy of localization. Addressing these challenges, this paper proposes an innovative MUSIC algorithm for impact imaging using a guided Lamb wave array, with an emphasis on time delay management. This approach focuses on the extraction of high-energy, single-frequency components from impact response signals, ensuring accurate time delay measurement across array elements and enhancing noise resistance. It also calculates the average velocity of single-frequency components in varying directions for an initial impact angle estimation. This estimated angle then guides the selection of a specific single-frequency velocity, culminating in precise impact position localization. The experimental evaluation, employing equidistantly spaced array elements to capture impact response signals, assessed the effectiveness of the proposed method in accurately determining array time delays. Furthermore, impact localization tests on reinforced composite structures were conducted, with the results indicating high precision in pinpointing impact locations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring of Advanced Composite Structures)
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