Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds

Emsermann, Jens; Kauhl, Ulrich; Opatz, Till

doi:10.3390/md14010016

Open AccessReview

Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds

by

Jens Emsermann

^†,

Ulrich Kauhl

^† and

Till Opatz

^*

Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany

^*

Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.

^†

Both authors contributed equally to this work.

Mar. Drugs 2016, 14(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/md14010016

Submission received: 30 November 2015 / Revised: 16 December 2015 / Accepted: 23 December 2015 / Published: 14 January 2016

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Abstract

Marine isonitriles represent the largest group of natural products carrying the remarkable isocyanide moiety. Together with marine isothiocyanates and formamides, which originate from the same biosynthetic pathways, they offer diverse biological activities and in spite of their exotic nature they may constitute potential lead structures for pharmaceutical development. Among other biological activities, several marine isonitriles show antimalarial, antitubercular, antifouling and antiplasmodial effects. In contrast to terrestrial isonitriles, which are mostly derived from α-amino acids, the vast majority of marine representatives are of terpenoid origin. An overview of all known marine isonitriles and their congeners will be given and their biological and chemical aspects will be discussed.

Keywords: isonitriles; marine natural products; terpenes; isothiocyanates; formamides; antibiotics; carbonimidic dichlorides; malaria

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MDPI and ACS Style

Emsermann, J.; Kauhl, U.; Opatz, T. Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds. Mar. Drugs 2016, 14, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/md14010016

AMA Style

Emsermann J, Kauhl U, Opatz T. Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds. Marine Drugs. 2016; 14(1):16. https://doi.org/10.3390/md14010016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Emsermann, Jens, Ulrich Kauhl, and Till Opatz. 2016. "Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds" Marine Drugs 14, no. 1: 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/md14010016

APA Style

Emsermann, J., Kauhl, U., & Opatz, T. (2016). Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds. Marine Drugs, 14(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/md14010016

Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses article numbers instead of page numbers. See further details here.

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Marine Isonitriles and Their Related Compounds

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