Recess Physical Activity and Perceived School Environment among Elementary School Children
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants and Procedures
2.2. Measures
2.3. Statistical Analyses
3. Results
3.1. The Characteristics of the Participants
Boys | Girls | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 9.1 | ± | 1.7 | 9.3 | ± | 1.5 | |
Height | 131.4 | ± | 10.5 | 135.4 | ± | 13.2 | |
Weight | 29.7 | ± | 7.6 | 31.0 | ± | 8.0 | |
BMI | 16.9 | ± | 2.4 | 16.6 | ± | 2.1 | |
PA in morning recess | n = 39 | n = 29 | |||||
Sedentary | 7.5 | ± | 4.5 | 9.0 | ± | 4.4 | |
Light PA | 12.1 | ± | 2.8 | 13.7 | ± | 3.9 | |
Moderate PA | 1.7 | ± | 1.1 | 1.7 | ± | 1.1 | |
Vigrous PA | 4.7 | ± | 3.4 | 1.6 | ± | 1.0 | |
PA in lunch recess | n = 40 | n = 29 | |||||
Sedentary | 2.8 | ± | 2.3 | 3.2 | ± | 2.2 | |
Light PA | 9.8 | ± | 2.0 | 9.8 | ± | 2.3 | |
Moderate PA | 1.4 | ± | 0.8 | 1.5 | ± | 0.8 | |
Vigrous PA | 2.1 | ± | 1.7 | 1.4 | ± | 1.3 |
3.2. Differences in Recess Physical Activity according to Perceived School Environment
Equipment | Facility | Safety | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | Low | F | p | High | Low | F | p | High | Low | F | p | |
Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | |||||||
Morning Recess (n = 39) | ||||||||||||
Sedentary | 7.5, 4.4 | 7.7, 5.4 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 7.6, 4.2 | 7.5, 5.6 | 0.01 | 0.92 | 7.3, 4.4 | 8.3, 5.4 | 0.15 | 0.70 |
Light PA | 12.1, 2.6 | 12.0, 3.7 | 0.00 | 0.97 | 12.1, 2.6 | 12.1, 3.2 | 0.00 | 0.96 | 12.0, 2.7 | 12.3, 3.1 | 0.27 | 0.61 |
Moderate PA | 1.6, 1.1 | 2.2, 1.4 | 1.99 | 0.17 | 1.7, 1.1 | 1.8, 1.4 | 0.15 | 0.71 | 1.8, 1.2 | 1.4, 1.0 | 0.27 | 0.61 |
Vigorous PA | 4.8, 3.5 | 4.2, 3.4 | 0.20 | 0.66 | 4.7, 3.0 | 4.7, 4.5 | 0.00 | 0.98 | 4.9, 3.5 | 4.0, 3.0 | 0.58 | 0.45 |
Lunch Recess(n = 40) | ||||||||||||
Sedentary | 2.5, 2.0 | 3.9, 3.1 | 2.61 | 0.11 | 2.3, 1.7 | 3.9, 3.1 | 4.54 | 0.04 | 2.6, 2.1 | 3.3, 3.0 | 1.30 | 0.26 |
Light PA | 9.8, 2.0 | 9.8, 2.4 | 0.00 | 0.99 | 9.8, 2.0 | 9.7, 2.3 | 0.04 | 0.84 | 9.7, 2.1 | 9.9, 1.9 | 0.08 | 0.78 |
Moderate PA | 1.5, 0.8 | 0.8, 0.6 | 4.30 | 0.05 | 1.4, 0.8 | 1.1, 0.8 | 1.32 | 0.26 | 1.4, 0.8 | 1.2, 0.8 | 0.02 | 0.88 |
Vigorous PA | 2.2, 1.8 | 1.5, 1.3 | 1.66 | 0.21 | 2.4, 1.8 | 1.4, 1.3 | 4.63 | 0.04 | 2.3, 1.8 | 1.5, 1.5 | 3.92 | 0.06 |
Equipment | Facility | Safety | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
High | Low | F | p | High | Low | F | p | High | Low | F | p | |
Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | Mean, SD | |||||||
Morning Recess(n = 29) | ||||||||||||
Sedentary | 9.0, 4.0 | 9.1, 5.5 | 0.00 | 0.95 | 8.1, 4.2 | 10.1, 4.6 | 0.81 | 0.38 | 8.7, 4.6 | 10.2, 3.7 | 0.23 | 0.63 |
Light PA | 13.6, 3.4 | 14.0, 5.0 | 0.07 | 0.79 | 13.9, 3.8 | 13.4, 4.1 | 0.01 | 0.94 | 14, 4.0 | 12.6, 3.6 | 0.22 | 0.64 |
Moderate PA | 1.7, 1.1 | 1.7, 1.0 | 0.03 | 0.86 | 2.1, 1.2 | 1.2, 0.6 | 4.06 | 0.05 | 1.8, 1.1 | 1.6, 0.8 | 0.01 | 0.94 |
Vigorous PA | 1.7, 1.0 | 1.3, 1.0 | 1.27 | 0.27 | 1.9, 1.0 | 1.3, 1.0 | 5.44 | 0.03 | 1.6, 1.1 | 1.7, 1.0 | 0.04 | 0.84 |
Lunch Recess (n = 29) | ||||||||||||
Sedentary | 3.6, 2.4 | 2.2, 1.4 | 3.57 | 0.07 | 3.6, 2.3 | 2.7, 2.2 | 0.02 | 0.90 | 3.4, 2.2 | 2.5, 2.6 | 0.05 | 0.83 |
Light PA | 9.3, 2.2 | 11.0, 2.2 | 4.30 | 0.05 | 9.2, 1.9 | 10.7, 2.6 | 1.57 | 0.22 | 9.7, 2.3 | 10.5, 2.4 | 0.09 | 0.77 |
Moderate PA | 1.6, 0.8 | 1.4, 0.8 | 0.34 | 0.56 | 1.7, 0.9 | 1.3, 0.6 | 0.93 | 0.34 | 1.5, 0.9 | 1.4, 0.6 | 0.00 | 0.95 |
Vigorous PA | 1.5, 1.4 | 1.4, 1.1 | 0.04 | 0.84 | 1.5, 1.3 | 1.3, 1.2 | 2.40 | 0.13 | 1.4, 1.3 | 1.7, 1.3 | 0.05 | 0.83 |
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Ishii, K.; Shibata, A.; Sato, M.; Oka, K. Recess Physical Activity and Perceived School Environment among Elementary School Children. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2014, 11, 7195-7206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110707195
Ishii K, Shibata A, Sato M, Oka K. Recess Physical Activity and Perceived School Environment among Elementary School Children. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2014; 11(7):7195-7206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110707195
Chicago/Turabian StyleIshii, Kaori, Ai Shibata, Mai Sato, and Koichiro Oka. 2014. "Recess Physical Activity and Perceived School Environment among Elementary School Children" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 11, no. 7: 7195-7206. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph110707195