The Political Economy of Health Co-Benefits: Embedding Health in the Climate Change Agenda
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Background
2.1. The Health Impacts of Climate Change and Health Co-Benefits of Mitigation Measures
2.2. Efforts to Enhance the Role of Health in the Climate Change Agenda
3. Materials and Methods
4. Results
4.1. Discourse
4.2. Efficiency
4.3. Vested Interests
4.4. Structural Challenges
5. Discussion
5.1. Discourse
5.2. Efficiency
5.3. Vested Interests
5.4. Structural Challenges
5.5. Strategies for Enhancing Health Co-Benefits in Climate Change Mitigation Policies
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Classification | Potential Impacts |
---|---|
Direct | Increased mortality resulting from increased exposure to: hot and cold weather extremes; floods and storms; ultraviolet radiation. |
Ecosystem-mediated | Increased morbidity and mortality from increased exposure to: vector-borne and other infectious diseases; food- and water-borne infections; air pollution and aeroallergens. |
Human institution-mediated | Increased morbidity and mortality from poor nutrition; occupational health; mental health; violence and conflict. |
Mitigation Activity | Potential Health Co-Benefit(s) | Anticipated Time Lag(s) |
---|---|---|
Reductions in fossil fuel use | Reductions in sudden cardiac death risk; acute respiratory infections; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations | Days to weeks; weeks and months; weeks and months |
Improvements in fuel economy; incentivize electric vehicle use; tighten vehicle emission standards | ||
Increases in accessibility to active modes of transport, including walking and cycling | Reductions in type 2 diabetes; depression; breast and colon cancer incidence | Years for all potential health co-benefits identified |
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Workman, A.; Blashki, G.; Bowen, K.J.; Karoly, D.J.; Wiseman, J. The Political Economy of Health Co-Benefits: Embedding Health in the Climate Change Agenda. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040674
Workman A, Blashki G, Bowen KJ, Karoly DJ, Wiseman J. The Political Economy of Health Co-Benefits: Embedding Health in the Climate Change Agenda. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15(4):674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040674
Chicago/Turabian StyleWorkman, Annabelle, Grant Blashki, Kathryn J. Bowen, David J. Karoly, and John Wiseman. 2018. "The Political Economy of Health Co-Benefits: Embedding Health in the Climate Change Agenda" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 4: 674. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15040674