Social Capital and Social Networks of Hidden Drug Abuse in Hong Kong
Abstract
:1. Background
1.1. Drug Abuse in Hong Kong
1.2. Social Capital and Drug Abuse
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Recruitment and Samples
2.2. Data Collection and Analyses
3. Results
3.1. The Current Trend of Drug Abuse
3.1.1. Switch from Large Discos to Private Parties
3.1.2. Availability of and Accessibility to Drugs
3.1.3. Psychological Safety When Taking Drugs Privately
3.2. The Structure of Social Networks and Social Capital
3.2.1. Drug Abusers’ Social Networks via Bonding and Bridging Social Capital
3.2.2. Drug Supply Network via Linking Social Capital
3.2.3. The Mechanisms of Drug Transactions
3.2.4. Trust as the Key to Enter the Networks
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | No. of Participants (N) | % |
---|---|---|
Gender (N = 73) | ||
Men | 37 | 50.7 |
Women | 36 | 49.3 |
Age (N = 72) | ||
11–20 | 13 | 18.1 |
21–30 | 29 | 40.3 |
31–40 | 17 | 23.6 |
41–50 | 9 | 12.5 |
51 or above | 4 | 5.6 |
Frequency of taking drugs (N = 71) | ||
Less than once per month | 1 | 1.4 |
Once per month | 1 | 1.4 |
2 or 3 times per month | 6 | 8.5 |
1 or 2 times per week | 10 | 14.1 |
3–6 times per week | 7 | 9.9 |
More than 6 times per week | 46 | 64.8 |
Types of drugs taken (could choose more than one option) | ||
Crystal methamphetamine (Ice) | 49 | 67.1 |
Cocaine | 26 | 35.6 |
Ketamine | 24 | 32.9 |
Heroin | 16 | 21.9 |
Nimetazepam | 10 | 13.7 |
Cannabis | 8 | 11.0 |
Ecstasy | 7 | 9.6 |
Others (triazolam, methaqualone, cough medicine) | 8 | 11.0 |
Age at first drug taking (N = 69) | ||
11–20 years old | 54 | 78.3 |
21–30 years old | 10 | 14.5 |
31–50 years old | 5 | 7.2 |
Duration of taking drugs (N = 72) | ||
Fewer than 3 years | 14 | 19.4 |
3–5 years | 10 | 13.9 |
Between 5 and 10 years | 12 | 16.7 |
Between 10 and 20 years | 23 | 31.9 |
More than 20 years | 13 | 18.1 |
Variable | N | % |
---|---|---|
Most important venue for taking drugs (N = 73) | ||
Own homes | 41 | 56.2 |
Friends’ homes | 15 | 20.5 |
Entertainment places | 9 | 12.3 |
Public places | 3 | 4.1 |
Workplaces | 1 | 1.4 |
Hotels | 2 | 2.7 |
Others | 2 | 2.7 |
Themes | Sub-Themes | Cohen’s Kappa |
---|---|---|
The Current Trend of Drug Abuse | 1. Switch from Large Discos to Private Parties | 0.805 |
2. Availability of and Accessibility to Drugs | 0.815 | |
3. Psychological Safety When Taking Drugs Privately | 1 | |
The Structure of Social Networks and Social Capital | 1. Drug Abusers’ Social Network via Bonding and Bridging Social Capitals | 0.865 |
2. Drug Supply Network via Linking Social Capital | 1 | |
3. Mechanisms of Drug Transaction | 1 | |
4. Trust as the Key to Enter the Networks | 0.881 |
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Chan, G.H.; Lo, T.W.; Lee, G.K.-W.; Tam, C.H.-L. Social Capital and Social Networks of Hidden Drug Abuse in Hong Kong. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 6231. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176231
Chan GH, Lo TW, Lee GK-W, Tam CH-L. Social Capital and Social Networks of Hidden Drug Abuse in Hong Kong. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17(17):6231. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176231
Chicago/Turabian StyleChan, Gloria Hongyee, T. Wing Lo, Gabriel Kwun-Wa Lee, and Cherry Hau-Lin Tam. 2020. "Social Capital and Social Networks of Hidden Drug Abuse in Hong Kong" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 17: 6231. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176231