Seroprevalence and Molecular Characterization of Leptospira spp. in Rats Captured near Pig Farms in Colombia
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Location of Sampling
2.2. Rats Collecting and Sampling
2.3. Microagglutination Test for Leptospirosis (MAT)
2.4. Data Analysis
2.5. Polymerase Chain Reaction Test (PCR)
2.6. Sequence Assembly
2.7. Phylogenetic Analysis
2.8. Ethics Statement
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Species | Percent | Sex | Age Group |
---|---|---|---|
Rattus norvegicus | 73.87% (410/555) | ♂ 179 | J 16 |
A 163 | |||
♀ 231 | J 50 | ||
A 181 | |||
Rattus rattus | 26.13% (145/555) | ♂ 53 | J 19 |
A 34 | |||
♀ 92 | J 36 | ||
A 56 | |||
Total | 100% | 555 | 555 |
Department | Annual Mean Temperature | Annual Precipitation | Mean Altitude | Number of Rats Captured Per Department | Percent of Seropositive Animals |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antioquia | 23 °C | 3500 * mm | 2099 ** mamsl | 333 (60%) | 13.51% (45/333) |
Cundinamarca | 20 °C | 2500 * mm | 3341 ** mamsl | 142 (25%) | 15.49% (22/142) |
Valle del Cauca | 22 °C | 4000 * mm | 1571 ** mamsl | 34 (6%) | 17.64% (6/34) |
Eje Cafetero | 20 °C | 2500 * mm | 2745 ** mamsl | 31 (6%) | 9.57% (3/31) |
Meta | 26 °C | 3000 * mm | 2100 ** mamsl | 15 (3%) | 6.66% (1/15) |
Total | - | - | - | 555 | 13.8% (77/555) |
Serovars | Total | Department | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Antioquia | Cundinamarca | Valle del Cauca | Eje Afetero | Meta | ||
Icterohaemorrhagiae | (21/77) | 20/28 | 3/28 | 3/28 | 0/28 | 2/28 |
27% | 71.42% | 10.7% | 10.7% | 0% | 7.1% | |
Canicola | (12/77) | 10/18 | 3/18 | 3/18 | 0/18 | 2/18 |
16% | 55.5% | 16.6% | 16.6% | 0% | 11.1% | |
Tarassovi | (9/77) | 10/13 | 3/13 | 0/13 | 0/13 | 0/13 |
12% | 76.9% | 23% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
Pomona | (9/77) | 10/12 | 2/12 | 0/12 | 0/12 | 0/12 |
11% | 83.3% | 16.6% | 0% | 0% | 0% | |
Grippothyphosa | (8/77) | 9/11 | 1/11 | 0/11 | 0/11 | 1/11 |
10% | 81.81% | 9.09% | 0% | 0% | 9.09% | |
Bratislava | (7/77) | 7/9 | 0/9 | 1/9 | 1/9 | 0/9 |
9% | 77.7% | 0% | 11.1% | 11.1% | 0% | |
Ballum | (6/77) | 7/8 | 0/8 | 0/8 | 0/8 | 1/8 |
8% | 87.5% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 12.5% | |
Autumnalis | (5/77) | 6/7 | 0/7 | 1/7 | 0/7 | 0/7 |
7% | 85.71% | 0% | 14.28% | 0% | 0% |
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López-Osorio, S.; Molano, D.A.; López-Arias, A.; Rodríguez-Osorio, N.; Zambrano, C.; Chaparro-Gutiérrez, J.J. Seroprevalence and Molecular Characterization of Leptospira spp. in Rats Captured near Pig Farms in Colombia. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 11539. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811539
López-Osorio S, Molano DA, López-Arias A, Rodríguez-Osorio N, Zambrano C, Chaparro-Gutiérrez JJ. Seroprevalence and Molecular Characterization of Leptospira spp. in Rats Captured near Pig Farms in Colombia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(18):11539. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811539
Chicago/Turabian StyleLópez-Osorio, Sara, Diego A. Molano, Anderson López-Arias, Nélida Rodríguez-Osorio, Corina Zambrano, and Jenny J. Chaparro-Gutiérrez. 2022. "Seroprevalence and Molecular Characterization of Leptospira spp. in Rats Captured near Pig Farms in Colombia" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 18: 11539. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811539