Temporal Heterogeneity of Short-Term Effects of Particulate Matter on Stroke Outpatients in Seven Major Cities of the Republic of Korea
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Population
2.2. Exposure: PM10
2.3. Outcomes: Stroke Outpatients
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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City | Population (Count) | Area (km2) | Number of Air Pollution Monitoring Stations |
---|---|---|---|
Seoul | 9,794,304 | 605 | 25 |
Busan | 3,414,950 | 767 | 17 |
Daegu | 2,446,418 | 884 | 11 |
Incheon | 2,662,509 | 1029 | 15 |
Gwangju | 1,475,745 | 501 | 7 |
Daejeon | 1,501,859 | 540 | 7 |
Ulsan | 1,082,567 | 1059 | 13 |
Ischemic Stroke Outpatients | Hemorrhagic Stroke Outpatients | PM10 (µg/m3) | Temperature (°C) | Relative Humidity (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | 30.9 (30.4) | 2.5 (3.2) | 50.9 (33.2) | 13.8 (9.4) | 63.9 (16.3) |
Seoul | 56.2 (36.9) | 4.3 (3.7) | 54.8 (41.2) | 12.8 (10.4) | 61.0 (14.9) |
Busan | 36.3 (23.5) | 2.7 (2.5) | 52.9 (31.0) | 14.9 (8.1) | 62.0 (18.4) |
Incheon | 23.5 (16.6) | 2.2 (2.4) | 57.0 (33.6) | 12.6 (9.8) | 69.5 (15.5) |
Daegu | 58.1 (41.1) | 5.6 (4.5) | 52.0 (31.7) | 14.6 (9.5) | 57.6 (16.7) |
Gwangju | 14.6 (9.6) | 0.9 (1.1) | 45.6 (30.0) | 14.2 (9.4) | 67.2 (13.2) |
Daejeon | 17.2 (10.7) | 0.8 (1.1) | 45.4 (30.5) | 13.1 (9.9) | 67.0 (14.2) |
Ulsan | 10.7 (8.5) | 0.8 (1.1) | 48.8 (30.8) | 14.5 (8.7) | 62.7 (17.4) |
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Choi, Y.; Byun, G.; Lee, J.-T. Temporal Heterogeneity of Short-Term Effects of Particulate Matter on Stroke Outpatients in Seven Major Cities of the Republic of Korea. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19, 12316. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912316
Choi Y, Byun G, Lee J-T. Temporal Heterogeneity of Short-Term Effects of Particulate Matter on Stroke Outpatients in Seven Major Cities of the Republic of Korea. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022; 19(19):12316. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912316
Chicago/Turabian StyleChoi, Yongsoo, Garam Byun, and Jong-Tae Lee. 2022. "Temporal Heterogeneity of Short-Term Effects of Particulate Matter on Stroke Outpatients in Seven Major Cities of the Republic of Korea" International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 19: 12316. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191912316