Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From?
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Virology and Phylogenesis
3. Epidemiology in Humans
4. Transmission Route and Pathogenesis
5. Clinical Manifestations
6. Diagnosis
7. Prevention
- Pre-exposure Prophylaxis
- Post-exposure Prophylaxis
8. Treatment
- Tecovirimat
- Brincidofovir and Cidofovir
- Vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (VIGIV)
9. Conclusions
10. Research Strategy and Selection Criteria
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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n. Trial and Title | Type | Description |
---|---|---|
NCT05443867 Monkeypox Asymptomatic Shedding: Evaluation by Self-Sampling MPX-ASSESS | observational cohort prospective | Close follow-up study of close contacts of MPX confirmed cases. Evaluation of secondary attack rate of MPXV infection in contacts, defined by PCR positivity on any sample; clinical and serological evaluation. |
NCT05058898 A One Health Study of Monkeypox Human Infection | observational case-control prospective | Proportion of monkeypox cases occurring following interhuman exposures through a quantitative case-control study with an odds ratio of >3 for an exposure factor for human-to-human transmission. |
NCT05438953 Follow-up of Contact at Risk of Monkeypox Infection: a Prospective Cohort Study | Prospective Interventional | Estimation the failure rate of a post-exposure vaccination by the VMA vaccine in MPX contact case participants at risk (within 14 days after the last contact) after one dose. |
NCT02977715 IMVAMUNE® Smallpox Vaccine in Adult Healthcare Personnel at Risk for Monkeypox in the Democratic Republic of the Congo | prospective interventional | Description of monkeypox exposure and infection in eligible healthcare workers at risk of monkeypox infection, evaluating the immunogenicity and safety MVA vaccine. Evaluation of proportion of participants who after being vaccinated develop suspected or confirmed monkeypox infection, and experience exposure to monkeypox virus. |
NCT02080767 Tecovirimat (ST-246) Treatment for Orthopox Virus Exposure | prospective interventional | Evaluation of efficacy and safety of tecovirimat in personnel (including US civilian employees, contractors and other US personnel and dependents, as well as allied military forces and local nationals) of any age exposed to or infected with orthopoxviruses or developed serious complications from vaccinia vaccination. |
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Tiecco, G.; Degli Antoni, M.; Storti, S.; Tomasoni, L.R.; Castelli, F.; Quiros-Roldan, E. Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? Viruses 2022, 14, 1894. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091894
Tiecco G, Degli Antoni M, Storti S, Tomasoni LR, Castelli F, Quiros-Roldan E. Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From? Viruses. 2022; 14(9):1894. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091894
Chicago/Turabian StyleTiecco, Giorgio, Melania Degli Antoni, Samuele Storti, Lina Rachele Tomasoni, Francesco Castelli, and Eugenia Quiros-Roldan. 2022. "Monkeypox, a Literature Review: What Is New and Where Does This concerning Virus Come From?" Viruses 14, no. 9: 1894. https://doi.org/10.3390/v14091894