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Neurology International
Volume 10
Issue 3
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Neurology International is published by MDPI from Volume 12 Issue 3 (2020). Previous articles were published by another publisher in Open Access under a CC-BY licence, and they are hosted by MDPI on mdpi.com as a courtesy and upon agreement with PAGEPress.

Neurol. Int., Volume 10, Issue 3 (September 2018) – 5 articles

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294 KiB  
Brief Report
Treatment of Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia with Vitamin D: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
by Amir Hassan Habibi, Arezo Anamoradi, Gholam Ali Shahidi, Saeed Razmeh, Elham Alizadeh and Karim Moradian Kokhedan
Neurol. Int. 2018, 10(3), 7737; https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2018.7737 - 1 Oct 2018
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 551
Abstract
Dyskinesia refers to any involuntary movement, such as chorea, dystonia, ballism that affect any part of the body. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia is a neurological disorder that afflicts many patients with Parkinson disease usually 5 years after the onset of levodopa therapy and can cause [...] Read more.
Dyskinesia refers to any involuntary movement, such as chorea, dystonia, ballism that affect any part of the body. Levodopa-induced dyskinesia is a neurological disorder that afflicts many patients with Parkinson disease usually 5 years after the onset of levodopa therapy and can cause severe disability. The pathophysiology of this dyskinesia is complex and not fully understood. However, the association between vitamin D and Parkinson disease is interesting. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on levodopa induced dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson’s disease .In this Double blind clinical trial, 120 patients with PD divided into two groups randomly, vitamin D and placebo group. A dose of 1000 IU/d was selected, Demographic information is registered. In the first visit, three variables have been measured which were the duration, severity of dyskinesia and unified Parkinson’s disease rating scale (UPDRS). These variables were measured again after 3 months and the data was analyzed using SPSS 22. There are no differences between two groups after 3 months. This study revealed, vitamin D has no effects on improvement of levodopa induced dyskinesia. Full article
566 KiB  
Case Report
Missed Diagnosis of Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy in a Patient with Cervical Myelopathy due to Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
by Min Cheol Chang
Neurol. Int. 2018, 10(3), 7690; https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2018.7690 - 1 Oct 2018
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 504
Abstract
In the current study, we report a missed diagnosis of combined chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in a patient with a cervical spinal cord lesion. At 3.5 months after the onset of symptoms, a 60-year-old female with mild motor weakness and significant weight [...] Read more.
In the current study, we report a missed diagnosis of combined chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) in a patient with a cervical spinal cord lesion. At 3.5 months after the onset of symptoms, a 60-year-old female with mild motor weakness and significant weight loss underwent a surgical operation for decompression of the cervical spinal cord. However, her motor weakness was severely aggravated despite the surgical treatment, and she could not walk independently at 10 months after symptom onset. Based on the results of electrophysiological and cerebrospinal fluid tests, we diagnosed her with CIDP. Considering her medical history and the results of our evaluations, we think our patient’s neurological symptoms before the surgical operation were attributed, at least in part, to CIDP. Our study shows that clinicians should consider the possibilities of other lesions in different areas even when patients have a definite lesion in the cervical spinal cord or cervical spine. Full article
138 KiB  
Article
Prevalence and Factors Associated with Memory Disturbance and Dementia after Acute Ischemic Stroke
by Jesada Surawan, Teabpaluck Sirithanawutichai, Suchat Areemit, Somsak Tiamkao and Suprawita Saensak
Neurol. Int. 2018, 10(3), 7761; https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2018.7761 - 25 Sep 2018
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 636
Abstract
Prevalence and risk factors associated with memory disturbance and dementia were determined in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients in hospitals before discharge, three and six months after stroke. A prospective cohort study was conducted during January-December 2017 with 401 AIS patients admitted to [...] Read more.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with memory disturbance and dementia were determined in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients in hospitals before discharge, three and six months after stroke. A prospective cohort study was conducted during January-December 2017 with 401 AIS patients admitted to Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen Hospital and Chum Phae Hospital, Khon Kaen, Thailand. The demographics and clinical characteristics, previous illness and past medical history, and laboratory test results of the patients were collected from the medical records, while depression screening, NIH stroke scale (NIHSS) scoring and mini mental state examination (MMSE) were performed using particular medical record forms. The prevalence of memory disturbance and dementia was 56.6, 41.6 and 38.2% before discharge, three and six months after stroke, respectively. Based on logistic regression analysis, age, education and stroke severity were the risk factors associated with the studied disorders before discharge and three months after stroke. Meanwhile, age and education were the risk factors for six months after stroke. Our findings suggested that the prevalence of memory disturbance and dementia remained high at all study periods. Full article
154 KiB  
Article
PET Imaging of 18F-florbetapir in Cognitively Impaired Individuals: Lack of Activity within the Cerebellar Cortex
by Michael A. Meyer, Allison Caccia, Danielle Martinez and Mark A. Mingos
Neurol. Int. 2018, 10(3), 7666; https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2018.7666 - 25 Sep 2018
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 534
Abstract
Ten individuals suspected of having possible Alzheimer disease underwent PET imaging using 18F-Flubetapir. Only one of ten individuals had a pattern typical for normal elderly control subjects with 9 of the 10 showing a Alzheimer type pattern for the cerebral cortex yet all [...] Read more.
Ten individuals suspected of having possible Alzheimer disease underwent PET imaging using 18F-Flubetapir. Only one of ten individuals had a pattern typical for normal elderly control subjects with 9 of the 10 showing a Alzheimer type pattern for the cerebral cortex yet all 10 subjects had uniformly low to absent tracer localization to the cerebellar cortex; significantly high tracer activity was noted within the subcortical white matter of the cerebellum in a symmetric manner in all cases. In consideration of studies that have shown amyloid deposits within the cerebellar cortex in 90% of pathologically proven cases of Alzheimer’s disease, these findings raise questions about the actual clinical value of florbetapir PET imaging in evaluating cerebellar involvement and raises questions whether PET imaging of this tracer accurately portrays patterns of amyloid deposition, as there is rapid hepatic metabolism of the parent compound after intravenous injection. Possible links to Alzheimer’s disease related alterations in blood-brain barrier permeability to the parent compound and subsequent radiolabelled metabolites are discussed as potential mechanisms that could explain the associated localization of the tracer to the brainstem and subcortical white matter within the cerebrum and cerebellum of Alzheimer’s disease patients. Full article
363 KiB  
Case Report
18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation of Chorea
by Nobuyuki Ishii, Hitoshi Mochizuki, Miyuki Miyamoto, Yuka Ebihara, Kazutaka Shiomi and Masamitsu Nakazato
Neurol. Int. 2018, 10(3), 7780; https://doi.org/10.4081/ni.2018.7780 - 5 Sep 2018
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 507
Abstract
Chorea is thought to be caused by deactivation of the indirect pathway in the basal ganglia circuit. However, few imaging studies have evaluated the basal ganglia circuit in actual patients with chorea. We investigated the lesions and mechanisms underlying chorea using brain magnetic [...] Read more.
Chorea is thought to be caused by deactivation of the indirect pathway in the basal ganglia circuit. However, few imaging studies have evaluated the basal ganglia circuit in actual patients with chorea. We investigated the lesions and mechanisms underlying chorea using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). This retrospective case series included three patients with chorea caused by different diseases: hyperglycemic chorea, Huntington’s disease, and subarachnoid hemorrhage. All the patients showed dysfunction in the striatum detected by both MRI and FDG-PET. These neuroimaging findings confirm the theory that chorea is related to an impairment of the indirect pathway of basal ganglia circuit. Full article
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