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Nutrients
Volume 9
Issue 2
10.3390/nu9020128
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Article

Validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing the Folate Intake in Women of Reproductive Age Living in a Country without Food Fortification: Application of the Method of Triads

by
Milica Zekovic
1,*,
Marija Djekic-Ivankovic
1,
Marina Nikolic
1,
Mirjana Gurinovic
1,
Dusanka Krajnovic
2 and
Marija Glibetic
1
1
Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research (IMR), University of Belgrade, Tadeusa Koscuska 1, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
2
Department of Social Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Legislation, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, Vojvode Stepe 450, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Nutrients 2017, 9(2), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020128
Submission received: 12 December 2016 / Revised: 31 January 2017 / Accepted: 6 February 2017 / Published: 13 February 2017
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Abstract

The study aimed to examine the external validity of the Folate Food Frequency Questionnaire (F-FFQ) designed for assessing the folate intake in Serbian women of reproductive age. The F-FFQ was tested against repeated 24 h dietary recalls and correspondent nutritional biomarkers (red blood cells (RBC) and serum folate concentrations) using the method of triads. In a cross sectional study, 503 women aged 18–49 years completed dietary questionnaires and representative validation subsample (n = 50) provided fasting blood samples for biomarker analyses. Correlation coefficients were calculated between each of the dietary methods and three pair-wise correlations were applied for the calculation of validity coefficients. Correlation coefficients observed between F-FFQ and three 24 h recalls were r = 0.56 (p < 0.001) and r = 0.57 (p < 0.001) for total sample and validation group, respectively. Bland–Altman plot and cross-classification analyses indicated good agreement between methods. High validity coefficients were determined between the true intake (I) and dietary assessment methods, F-FFQ (Q) and 24 h dietary recalls (R) (ρQIrbc = 0.871 and ρQIser = 0.814; ρRIrbc = 0.652 and ρRIser = 0.698), and moderate ones for biomarkers (B) (ρBIrbc = 0.428 and ρBIser = 0.421). The F-FFQ is valid instrument for the assessment of dietary folate intake in women living in Serbia, a country without mandatory folic acid food fortification.
Keywords: folate; FFQ; validation; women; method of triads folate; FFQ; validation; women; method of triads

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MDPI and ACS Style

Zekovic, M.; Djekic-Ivankovic, M.; Nikolic, M.; Gurinovic, M.; Krajnovic, D.; Glibetic, M. Validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing the Folate Intake in Women of Reproductive Age Living in a Country without Food Fortification: Application of the Method of Triads. Nutrients 2017, 9, 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020128

AMA Style

Zekovic M, Djekic-Ivankovic M, Nikolic M, Gurinovic M, Krajnovic D, Glibetic M. Validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing the Folate Intake in Women of Reproductive Age Living in a Country without Food Fortification: Application of the Method of Triads. Nutrients. 2017; 9(2):128. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020128

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zekovic, Milica, Marija Djekic-Ivankovic, Marina Nikolic, Mirjana Gurinovic, Dusanka Krajnovic, and Marija Glibetic. 2017. "Validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing the Folate Intake in Women of Reproductive Age Living in a Country without Food Fortification: Application of the Method of Triads" Nutrients 9, no. 2: 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020128

APA Style

Zekovic, M., Djekic-Ivankovic, M., Nikolic, M., Gurinovic, M., Krajnovic, D., & Glibetic, M. (2017). Validity of the Food Frequency Questionnaire Assessing the Folate Intake in Women of Reproductive Age Living in a Country without Food Fortification: Application of the Method of Triads. Nutrients, 9(2), 128. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9020128

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