The Novel Role of SOX2 as an Early Predictor of Cancer Risk in Patients with Laryngeal Precancerous Lesions
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Method
2.1. Patients and Tissue Specimens
2.2. Gene Amplification Analysis
2.3. Immunohistochemistry
2.4. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Patient Characteristics
3.2. SOX2 Protein Expression in Laryngeal Precancerous Lesions
3.3. SOX2 Gene Amplification during Laryngeal Tumorigenesis
3.4. Associations with Laryngeal Cancer Risk
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Characteristic | No of Cases (%) | Progression to Carcinoma (%) | p† |
---|---|---|---|
Histopathological diagnosis | |||
Low-grade dysplasia | 14 (15) | 3 (21) | 0.538 |
High-grade dysplasia | 80 (85) | 26 (32) | |
SOX2 gene amplification | |||
Negative | 37 (67) | 11 (30) | 0.081 |
Positive | 18 (33) | 10 (56) | |
SOX2 protein expression | |||
Negative | 56 (60) | 9 (16) | <0.001 |
Positive (>10% stained nuclei) | 38 (40) | 20 (53) |
Characteristic | p | Hazard Ratio | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|
Age (above vs. below the mean) | 0.554 | 1.254 | 0.593–2.653 |
Smoking (above vs. below the mean) | 0.618 | 1.210 | 0.572–2.558 |
Histology (high-grade vs. low-grade dysplasia) | 0.432 | 1.615 | 0.489–5.336 |
SOX2 amplification (positive vs. negative) | 0.046 | 2.410 | 1.017–5.710 |
SOX2 expression (positive vs. negative) | <0.001 | 4.130 | 1.878–9.086 |
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Granda-Díaz, R.; Menéndez, S.T.; Pedregal Mallo, D.; Hermida-Prado, F.; Rodríguez, R.; Suárez-Fernández, L.; Vallina, A.; Sánchez-Canteli, M.; Rodríguez, A.; Fernández-García, M.S.; et al. The Novel Role of SOX2 as an Early Predictor of Cancer Risk in Patients with Laryngeal Precancerous Lesions. Cancers 2019, 11, 286. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11030286
Granda-Díaz R, Menéndez ST, Pedregal Mallo D, Hermida-Prado F, Rodríguez R, Suárez-Fernández L, Vallina A, Sánchez-Canteli M, Rodríguez A, Fernández-García MS, et al. The Novel Role of SOX2 as an Early Predictor of Cancer Risk in Patients with Laryngeal Precancerous Lesions. Cancers. 2019; 11(3):286. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11030286
Chicago/Turabian StyleGranda-Díaz, Rocío, Sofía T. Menéndez, Daniel Pedregal Mallo, Francisco Hermida-Prado, René Rodríguez, Laura Suárez-Fernández, Aitana Vallina, Mario Sánchez-Canteli, Aida Rodríguez, M. Soledad Fernández-García, and et al. 2019. "The Novel Role of SOX2 as an Early Predictor of Cancer Risk in Patients with Laryngeal Precancerous Lesions" Cancers 11, no. 3: 286. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11030286
APA StyleGranda-Díaz, R., Menéndez, S. T., Pedregal Mallo, D., Hermida-Prado, F., Rodríguez, R., Suárez-Fernández, L., Vallina, A., Sánchez-Canteli, M., Rodríguez, A., Fernández-García, M. S., Rodrigo, J. P., & García-Pedrero, J. M. (2019). The Novel Role of SOX2 as an Early Predictor of Cancer Risk in Patients with Laryngeal Precancerous Lesions. Cancers, 11(3), 286. https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers11030286