Proposal of a Reflector-Enhanced Solar Still Concept and Its Comparison with Conventional Solar Stills
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. The Fundamental Working of Solar Stills
3. Climate of Iran
4. Mathematical Calculation
4.1. Energy Analysis
4.2. Thermal Equations
5. Description of the Proposed System
Proposed Solar Energy Collection
6. Mathematical Model Verification
7. Results and Discussion
8. Conclusions
- Ensure that the parabolic collectors are specifically built to achieve the highest possible concentration of sunlight on the surface of the solar still.
- Investigate high-performance materials for constructing the parabolic collector in order to enhance its resilience and ability to reflect sun irradiation.
- Incorporation of Tracking devices:
- Deploy solar tracking devices for the parabolic collectors to accurately track the sun’s trajectory throughout the day. This guarantees that the solar still receives the most favorable sunlight during the entire day, not just for 4 h.
- Selective Coating for Solar Steel:
- The coatings can be engineered to optimize absorption in the visible and near-infrared range while minimizing thermal energy dissipation through radiation.
- Environmental Considerations:
- Evaluate the ecological repercussions of the solar desalination system and strive for long-term viability. This may entail utilizing sustainable materials, implementing recycling techniques, and mitigating any adverse impacts on the local ecosystem.
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Nomenclature
Term | Description |
HTC | Heat transfer coefficient |
Convective HTC from seawater to glass, W per K per m2 | |
Radiative HTC from seawater to glass, W per K per m2 | |
Evaporative HTC from seawater to glass, W per K per m2 | |
Rate of convective heat transfer within seawater and glass, W/m2 | |
Rate of radiative heat transfer within seawater and glass, W/m2 | |
Rate of evaporative heat transfer within seawater and glass, W/m2 | |
Basin thermal conductivity, W per m per °C | |
Insulation thermal conductivity, W per m per °C | |
A | Surface area, m2 |
Specific heat, J/kg °C | |
Intensity of solar radiation, W/m2 | |
Insulation thickness, m | |
Basin thickness, m | |
Partial saturated vapor pressure in seawater temperature, Pa | |
Partial saturated vapor pressure in glass temperature, Pa | |
Seawater temperature, °C | |
Glass temperature, °C | |
Basin temperature, °C | |
Density, kg/m3 | |
t | Time, s |
Stephan Boltzman, W/m2 °K4 | |
Emissivity |
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Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value | Parameter | Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
2500 | 7800 | Water thickness | 1 cm | ||
Insolation thickness | 5 cm | ||||
Glass thickness | 4 mm | Basin thickness | 2 mm | Isolation | 0.059 |
(irradiation sorption) | 0.05 | (irradiation sorption) | 0.05 | 0.9 | |
(irradiation passing) | 0.9 | (irradiation passing) | 0.95 | (area of the basin) |
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Soltanian, M.; Hoseinzadeh, S.; Astiaso Garcia, D. Proposal of a Reflector-Enhanced Solar Still Concept and Its Comparison with Conventional Solar Stills. Water 2024, 16, 355. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020355
Soltanian M, Hoseinzadeh S, Astiaso Garcia D. Proposal of a Reflector-Enhanced Solar Still Concept and Its Comparison with Conventional Solar Stills. Water. 2024; 16(2):355. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020355
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoltanian, Mehdi, Siamak Hoseinzadeh, and Davide Astiaso Garcia. 2024. "Proposal of a Reflector-Enhanced Solar Still Concept and Its Comparison with Conventional Solar Stills" Water 16, no. 2: 355. https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020355