Screening and Invasive Testing in Twins
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Estimate of the a Priori Risk
2.1. Making the Diagnosis of Twin Pregnancy
2.2. Making a Non-Invasive Prenatal Diagnosis of Monozygosity or Dizygosity
2.3. How to Calculate the Risk of Trisomy 21
2.4. Dating the Pregnancy Discordance of Crown-Rump Length between Twins
3. Which Prenatal Screening Test Should be Used?
3.1. Nuchal Translucency in Twins. Different Management of Monochorionic and Dichorionic Pregnancies
3.2. Other Ultrasound Markers in Twins
3.3. Biochemical Markers in Twins. Different Management for Monochorionic and Dichorionic Pregnancies
3.4. Application of NIPT to Multiple Pregnancies
4. Invasive Diagnosis
4.1. Monochorionic Pregnancy
4.2. Dichorionic Pregnancy
5. Selective Termination
6. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Monni, G.; Iuculano, A.; Zoppi, M.A. Screening and Invasive Testing in Twins. J. Clin. Med. 2014, 3, 865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm3030865
Monni G, Iuculano A, Zoppi MA. Screening and Invasive Testing in Twins. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2014; 3(3):865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm3030865
Chicago/Turabian StyleMonni, Giovanni, Ambra Iuculano, and Maria Angelica Zoppi. 2014. "Screening and Invasive Testing in Twins" Journal of Clinical Medicine 3, no. 3: 865-882. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm3030865