A Challenge to Aging Society by microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles: microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles as Promising Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Myeloma
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Cancer-Derived EVs Mediate Various Cell-Cell Interactions
2.1. Induction of Angiogenesis via Cancer-Derived EVs
2.2. Modulation of the Immune System by EVs Derived from MM
2.3. MM-Derived EVs in Osteoclast Activation
2.4. Tumor-Derived EVs Mediate Drug Resistance
3. Clinical Application of EV-Associated miRNAs as Biomarkers and EV-Targeting Therapies in MM Patients
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yamamoto, T.; Kosaka, N.; Hattori, Y.; Ochiya, T. A Challenge to Aging Society by microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles: microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles as Promising Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Myeloma. J. Clin. Med. 2018, 7, 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7030055
Yamamoto T, Kosaka N, Hattori Y, Ochiya T. A Challenge to Aging Society by microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles: microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles as Promising Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Myeloma. Journal of Clinical Medicine. 2018; 7(3):55. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7030055
Chicago/Turabian StyleYamamoto, Tomofumi, Nobuyoshi Kosaka, Yutaka Hattori, and Takahiro Ochiya. 2018. "A Challenge to Aging Society by microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles: microRNA in Extracellular Vesicles as Promising Biomarkers and Novel Therapeutic Targets in Multiple Myeloma" Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 3: 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm7030055