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Antibiotics
Volume 8
Issue 4
10.3390/antibiotics8040253
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Brief Report

Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis Strains from Different Decades

by
Eva M. Kulik
1,*,
Thomas Thurnheer
2,
Lamprini Karygianni
2,
Clemens Walter
3,
Anton Sculean
4 and
Sigrun Eick
4
1
Department of Oral Health & Medicine, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
2
Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Division of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, 8032 Zurich, Switzerland
3
Department. of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology, University Center for Dental Medicine, University of Basel, 4058 Basel, Switzerland
4
Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Antibiotics 2019, 8(4), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040253
Submission received: 31 October 2019 / Revised: 26 November 2019 / Accepted: 2 December 2019 / Published: 6 December 2019
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Antibiotics and Antimicrobials in Dentistry)
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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of 57 Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and 56 Porphyromonas gingivalis strains isolated from subgingival biofilm samples of periodontitis patients in Switzerland from 1980 to 2017. The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the most commonly used antibiotics in periodontal therapy (amoxicillin, metronidazole, azithromycin, and doxycycline) or in severe body infections (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, clindamycin, ertapenem, and moxifloxacin) were determined. Furthermore, all the strains were screened for beta-lactamase activity and the presence of selected resistance genes (cfxA, ermF, and tetQ). Overall, there was no significant increase in MIC values over the 37‑year period. Two of the most recent P. gingivalis isolates yielded the highest MIC values. The first isolate was ermF-positive with MIC values >8 µg/mL, 2 µg/mL, and 0.25 µg/mL for clindamycin, azithromycin, and moxifloxacin, respectively. The second isolate showed a high MIC value of 4 µg/mL for moxifloxacin, which was associated with a confirmed single-point mutation in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of the gyrA gene. Although there was no significant increase in the antibiotic resistance among the oral bacterial isolates tested, the detection of resistant P. gingivalis isolates underlines the need to optimize the antibiotic therapeutic protocols in dentistry.
Keywords: minimal inhibitory concentrations; periodontal pathogens; beta lactams; moxifloxacin minimal inhibitory concentrations; periodontal pathogens; beta lactams; moxifloxacin

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kulik, E.M.; Thurnheer, T.; Karygianni, L.; Walter, C.; Sculean, A.; Eick, S. Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis Strains from Different Decades. Antibiotics 2019, 8, 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040253

AMA Style

Kulik EM, Thurnheer T, Karygianni L, Walter C, Sculean A, Eick S. Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis Strains from Different Decades. Antibiotics. 2019; 8(4):253. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040253

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kulik, Eva M., Thomas Thurnheer, Lamprini Karygianni, Clemens Walter, Anton Sculean, and Sigrun Eick. 2019. "Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis Strains from Different Decades" Antibiotics 8, no. 4: 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040253

APA Style

Kulik, E. M., Thurnheer, T., Karygianni, L., Walter, C., Sculean, A., & Eick, S. (2019). Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis Strains from Different Decades. Antibiotics, 8(4), 253. https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics8040253

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