Linking Seed Traits and Germination Responses in Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Species
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Seed Traits and Germination Responses in SDTF Species
2.2. Seed Physical Dormancy in SDTF Species
2.3. Germination Responses to Different Light Qualities in SDTF Species
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Study Site
4.2. Seed Collection
4.3. Germination Response
4.4. Seed Traits
4.5. Data Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Appendix A. Physical Dormancy Species-Level Results
References
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Species | Habit | Dispersal | Ecological Category | Photoblastic | PY | Mass (mg) | Volume (cm3) | Moisture Content (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
APOCYNACEAE | ||||||||
Aspidosperma desmanthum | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 1409.3 ± 251.8 | 2.3619 ± 0.6857 | 18.6 ± 14.6 |
Gonolobus inaequalis | Liana | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 69.7 ± 14.7 | 0.085 ± 0.0178 | 7 ± 0.2 |
Tabernaemontana cymosa | Tree | Biotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 284.7 ± 56.6 | 0.805 ± 0.1512 | 23.8 ± 1.2 |
BIGNONIACEAE | ||||||||
Amphilophium crucigerum | Liana | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 213.6 ± 28.8 | 0.1463 ± 0.0178 | 8.8 ± 0 |
Anemopaegma orbiculatum | Liana | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 171.7 ± 39.7 | 0.1526 ± 0.0167 | 9 ± 0 |
Crescentia cujete | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | No | 62.2 ± 11.5 | 0.0431 ± 0.0094 | 7.4 ± 0.1 |
Dolichandra unguis-cati | Liana | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 124.9 ± 16.3 | --- | 7 ± 0.1 |
Handroanthus coralibe | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 24.3 ± 7.2 | 0.0486 ± 0.0077 | 9.5 ± 0.2 |
Roseodendron chryseum | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 20.9 ± 4.9 | 0.0382 ± 0.0063 | 8.5 ± 0.4 |
Senna atomaria | Tree | Abiotic | Sciophyte | Yes | No | 63.4 ± 8.2 | 0.0418 ± 0.005 | 18.2 ± 0.4 |
Tabebuia rosea | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 75.5 ± 14.8 | 0.0928 ± 0.0224 | 7 ± 2.1 |
Tecoma stans | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 26.5 ± 4 | 0.0213 ± 0.0034 | 6.6 ± 0 |
BIXACEAE | ||||||||
Cochlospermum vitifolium | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 93.7 ± 9.3 | 0.0799 ± 0.0082 | 10.4 ± 0 |
BORAGINACEAE | ||||||||
Cordia alliodora | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 40.8 ± 8.5 | 0.0524 ± 0.0062 | 8 ± 0.1 |
Cordia sebestena | Tree | Biotic | Sciophyte | Yes | No | 4912.9 ± 1125.5 | 5.5211 ± 1.2354 | 54.6 ± 5.7 |
CAPPARACEAE | ||||||||
Crateva tapia | Tree | Biotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 95.8 ± 10.8 | 0.2675 ± 0.0609 | 32.2 ± 0 |
COMBRETACEAE | ||||||||
Combretum fruticosum | Liana | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 238.5 ± 38.3 | 4.4112 ± 0.8861 | 11.2 ± 0.1 |
Conocarpus erectus | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 18.5 ± 5.4 | 0.0645 ± 0.0101 | 13.4 ± 0.9 |
EUPHORBIACEAE | ||||||||
Hura crepitans | Tree | Abiotic | Sciophyte | Yes | No | 4694.2 ± 646.1 | 2.4583 ± 0.2437 | 19.9 ± 1.3 |
FABACEAE | ||||||||
Abrus precatorius | Liana | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 313.2 ± 68.5 | --- | 9.5 ± 0 |
Albizia guachapele | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 173.2 ± 30.4 | --- | 10.3 ± 0.5 |
Albizia nipoides | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 93.8 ± 12.5 | 3.5611 ± 7 | 12.7 ± 0.2 |
Albizia psitacifolia | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 395.7 ± 57.7 | --- | 14.4 ± 0.7 |
Bauhinia aculeata | Liana | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 512.5 ± 114 | 0.491 ± 0.0479 | 11.1 ± 0.6 |
Caesalpinia ebano | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 275.2 ± 56.9 | 0.1855 ± 0.04 | 10.4 ± 0.6 |
Canavalia rosea | Liana | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 2258 ± 320.3 | 1.7744 ± 0.2724 | 16.7 ± 1.1 |
Coursetia cf. ferruginea | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 71.4 ± 9.3 | 0.0657 ± 0.0071 | 7.1 ± 0.1 |
Enterolobium cyclocarpum | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 3287.9 ± 751.8 | 2.1571 ± 0.6087 | 12.3 ± 0.3 |
Erythrina fusca | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 1806.7 ± 326.7 | 1.5496 ± 0.4203 | 8.6 ± 0.3 |
Gliricidia sepium | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 462.7 ± 32.6 | 0.3485 ± 0.0399 | 8.4 ± 0.4 |
Lonchocarpus violaceus | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 362.8 ± 47.8 | 0.3265 ± 0.0767 | 10.2 ± 0.9 |
Machaerium arboreum | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 917 ± 257.1 | 2.2774 ± 0.7306 | 24.6 ± 22.3 |
Parkinsonia aculeata | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 443.7 ± 78.5 | 0.327 ± 0.0381 | 13.4 ± 0.1 |
Piptadenia viridiflora | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 213.7 ± 30.8 | 0.1673 ± 0.0229 | 19.4 ± 0.4 |
Piscidia carthagenensis | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 204.2 ± 19.6 | 0.1639 ± 0.0119 | 9.2 ± 0.2 |
Pithecellobium roseum | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | No | 396.3 ± 111.1 | 0.321 ± 0.0898 | 22.4 ± 0.5 |
Platymiscium pinnatum | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 350.4 ± 71.6 | 0.3171 ± 0.0693 | 5.1 ± 0.1 |
Prosopis juliflora | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 115.3 ± 17.1 | 0.0811 ± 0.0103 | 11.5 ± 0.2 |
Pterocarpus acapulcense | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 660.1 ± 206.3 | 4.1939 ± 0.5718 | 9 ± 0.5 |
Schizolobium parahyba | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 168.3 ± 34.5 | 0.1183 ± 0.0237 | 8.7 ± 0.1 |
Senna pallida | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 95.1 ± 16.6 | 0.0054 ± 0.0013 | 19.5 ± 1.2 |
Vachellia macracantha | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 175.4 ± 43.4 | 0.1385 ± 0.0366 | 22.3 ± 5.5 |
Zapoteca formosa | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 92.9 ± 18.7 | 0.0786 ± 0.0167 | 13.8 ± 0.6 |
HERNANDIACEAE | ||||||||
Gyrocarpus americanus | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 1691 ± 394.3 | 3.0223 ± 0.5012 | 8.1 ± 0.5 |
MALVACEAE | ||||||||
Ceiba pentandra | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 105.1 ± 18.3 | 0.2055 ± 0.0427 | 9.9 ± 0 |
Guazuma ulmifolia | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 16.9 ± 2.6 | 0.0162 ± 0.0035 | --- |
Pachira quinata | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 107.3 ± 28.2 | 0.1119 ± 0.0174 | 10.3 ± 0 |
Pseudobombax septenatum | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 262.7 ± 42 | 0.2347 ± 0.0331 | 24.2 ± 0.4 |
Sterculia apetala | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 7425.6 ± 685.3 | 5.0445 ± 0.7927 | 18.1 ± 3.8 |
Thespesia populnea | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 659.2 ± 122.7 | 0.9187 ± 0.1853 | 11.2 ± 0.7 |
MELIACEAE | ||||||||
Cedrela odorata | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 71.4 ± 14.5 | 0.082 ± 0.0114 | 13.9 ± 2.2 |
Swietenia macrophylla | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 1422.9 ± 357.9 | 1.1649 ± 0.1498 | 3.6 ± 0.2 |
Trichilia appendiculata | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | No | 111.8 ± 20 | 0.0859 ± 0.0098 | 4.8 ± 0 |
MORACEAE | ||||||||
Ficus citrifolia | Tree | Biotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 5.1 ± 0.8 | 0.0011 ± 0.0003 | 7.2 ± 0 |
Trophis cf. caucana | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | No | 585.6 ± 145.7 | 0.2676 ± 0.0543 | 27 ± 1.7 |
MUNTINGIACEAE | ||||||||
Muntingia calabura | Tree | Biotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 0.8 ± 0.1 | 0.0003 ± 0.0001 | --- |
NYCTAGINACEAE | ||||||||
Guapira pacurero | Tree | Biotic | Sciophyte | Yes | No | 139.3 ± 23.9 | 0.4885 ± 0.0709 | 39.2 ± 0.2 |
POLYGONACEAE | ||||||||
Coccoloba cf. caracasana | Tree | Biotic | Heliophyte | Yes | No | 220.5 ± 52.9 | 1.1716 ± 0.1789 | 22.1 ± 9.2 |
Triplaris americana | Tree | Abiotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 153.8 ± 28.1 | 0.2886 ± 0.0533 | 11.1 ± 0.1 |
RUBIACEAE | ||||||||
Morinda royoc | Liana | Biotic | Sciophyte | Yes | No | 30.7 ± 6.6 | 0.0873 ± 0.0204 | 43.1 ± 0 |
SALICACEAE | ||||||||
Casearia arborea | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 203.9 ± 19 | 0.1538 ± 0.0265 | 37.9 ± 1.5 |
SAPINDACEAE | ||||||||
Cupania cf. latifolia | Tree | Biotic | Generalist | No | Yes | 1181.9 ± 208.6 | 1.1685 ± 0.1767 | 38 ± 0.6 |
Sapindus saponaria | Tree | Biotic | Heliophyte | Yes | Yes | 2876.3 ± 383.5 | 2.5974 ± 0.3211 | 12.1 ± 0.3 |
Serjania cf. paniculata | Liana | Biotic | Generalist | No | No | 262.1 ± 74.3 | 0.271 ± 0.1129 | 21 ± 18.5 |
ZYGOPHYLLACEAE | ||||||||
Bulnesia arborea | Tree | Abiotic | Generalist | No | No | 454 ± 98 | --- | 13.7 ± 5.4 |
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Londoño-Lemos, V.; Torres-Gonzáles, A.M.; Madriñán, S. Linking Seed Traits and Germination Responses in Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Species. Plants 2024, 13, 1318. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101318
Londoño-Lemos V, Torres-Gonzáles AM, Madriñán S. Linking Seed Traits and Germination Responses in Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Species. Plants. 2024; 13(10):1318. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101318
Chicago/Turabian StyleLondoño-Lemos, Viviana, Alba Marina Torres-Gonzáles, and Santiago Madriñán. 2024. "Linking Seed Traits and Germination Responses in Caribbean Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest Species" Plants 13, no. 10: 1318. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13101318