Clinical Characteristics of the COVID-19 Patients with Pneumonia Detected by Computerized Tomography but Negative for Infiltration by X-ray
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Subjects
2.2. Statistical Analysis
2.3. Ethics Statement
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of the Hospitalized Patients
3.2. Risk Factors for Pneumonia in COVID-19 Patients with a Pneumonic Lung Lesion Detected by CT
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Without PLLCT | PLLCT | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Number of cases | 121 | 35 | |
Age, years | 41.2 ± 18.4 | 64.1 ± 15.5 | <0.001 * |
Age ≥70 years | 9 (7.4) | 10 (28.6) | 0.002 * |
Sex | 0.845 | ||
Male | 49 (40.5) | 13 (37.1) | |
Female | 72 (59.5) | 22 (62.9) | |
Resident in care facility | 18 (14.9) | 14 (40.0) | 0.003 * |
Days of hospitalization | 16.42 ± 10.0 | 22.9 ± 12.1 | 0.002 * |
Death | 0 (0) | 2 (6.2) | 0.043 * |
Comorbidity | |||
Hypertension | 14 (11.6) | 14 (40.0) | <0.001 * |
Diabetes Mellitus | 7 (5.8) | 7 (20.0) | 0.017 * |
Dementia | 3 (2.5) | 5 (14.7) | 0.013 * |
Cardiovascular disease | 0 (0) | 3 (8.6) | 0.011 * |
Stroke | 1 (0.8) | 6 (17.1) | 0.001 * |
Malignancy | 6 (5.0) | 1 (2.9) | 1.000 |
Symptoms on admission | |||
Asymptomatic | 31 (25.6) | 9 (25.7) | 1.000 |
Cough | 35 (28.9) | 15 (42.9) | 0.150 |
Sputum | 19 (15.7) | 6 (17.1) | 0.798 |
Sore throat | 22 (18.2) | 4 (11.4) | 0.445 |
Dyspnea | 5 (4.1) | 4 (11.4) | 0.115 |
Febrile sense | 30 (24.8) | 12 (34.3) | 0.284 |
Myalgia | 22 (18.2) | 4 (11.4) | 0.445 |
Fatigue | 6 (5.0) | 1 (2.9) | 1.000 |
Chest pain/discomfort | 7 (5.8) | 3 (8.6) | 0.694 |
Nausea/vomiting | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
Diarrhea | 1 (0.8) | 1 (2.9) | 0.400 |
Physical examination | |||
Body temperature | 36.2 ±3.0 | 36.9 (0.6) | 0.231 |
Systolic blood pressure | 121.0 ± 14.0 | 130.6 ± 23.4 | 0.003 * |
Diastolic blood pressure | 78.3 ± 10.4 | 79.7 ± 16.4 | 0.550 |
Heart rate/min | 77.6 ± 9.9 | 82.0 ± 20.6 | 0.079 |
breaths/min | 20.1 ± 5.4 | 20.1 ± 1.7 | 0.999 |
O2 saturation | 97.6 ± 1.4 | 96.2 ± 4.0 | 0.003* |
Variable | Without PLLCT | PLLCT | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|
Laboratory findings | |||
Leukocyte,×109/L | 6.4 ± 2.4 | 5.8 ± 2.2 | 0.186 |
Lymphocyte,×109/L | 1.9 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 0.405 |
Aspartate aminotransferase | 24.0 ± 11.9 | 40.2 ± 58.9 | 0.005 * |
Alanine aminotransferase | 24.6 ± 17.9 | 32.7 ± 56.7 | 0.179 |
Creatinine | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 0.031 * |
Hemoglobin | 14.2 ± 1.7 | 13.5 ± 1.7 | 0.027 * |
Platelet | 240.2 ± 61.1 | 223.7 ± 100.7 | 0.231 |
Albumin, mg/dL | 4.6 ± 0.4 | 4.1 ± 0.5 | <0.001 * |
Total Protein | 7.3 ± 0.6 | 7.0 ± 0.6 | 0.014 * |
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, mm/h | 11.9 ± 11.0 | 20.8 ± 21.1 | 0.002* |
C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.2 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 1.9 | <0.001 * |
Variable | OR (95% CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Age ≥ 70 years | 4.978 (1.832–13.524) | 0.002 * |
Resident in care facility | 1.455 (0.527–4.019) | 0.470 |
Comorbidity | ||
Hypertension | 0.530 (0.196–1.434) | 0.211 |
Diabetes Mellitus | 1.515 (0.433–5.297) | 0.516 |
Dementia | 0.649 (0.113–3.734) | 0.649 |
Stroke | 16.472 (1.372–197.725) | 0.027 * |
Physical examination | ||
Systolic blood pressure | 1.022 (0.998–1.047) | 0.073 |
O2 saturation | 0.808 (0.598–1.091) | 0.164 |
Laboratory findings | ||
Aspartate aminotransferase | 1.021 (0.990–1.054) | 0.190 |
Hemoglobin | 1.175 (0.863–1.599) | 0.305 |
Albumin | 0.245 (0.070–0.862) | 0.028 * |
Total protein | 0.974 (0.442–2.144) | 0.947 |
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate | 1.011 (0.983–1.040) | 0.429 |
C–reactive protein | 1.551 (1.014–2.371) | 0.043 * |
Variable | OR (95% CI) | p-Value |
---|---|---|
Age ≥ 70 years | 0.966 (0.251–3.720) | 0.960 |
Stroke | 11.447(1.168–112.220) | 0.036 * |
Albumin | 0.123 (0.035–0.429) | 0.001 * |
C-reactive protein | 1.336 (0.912–1.956) | 0.137 |
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Acharya, D.; Park, J.; Lee, Y.; Hamm, I.S.; Lee, D.S.; Moon, S.-S.; Lee, K. Clinical Characteristics of the COVID-19 Patients with Pneumonia Detected by Computerized Tomography but Negative for Infiltration by X-ray. Healthcare 2020, 8, 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040518
Acharya D, Park J, Lee Y, Hamm IS, Lee DS, Moon S-S, Lee K. Clinical Characteristics of the COVID-19 Patients with Pneumonia Detected by Computerized Tomography but Negative for Infiltration by X-ray. Healthcare. 2020; 8(4):518. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040518
Chicago/Turabian StyleAcharya, Dilaram, Jungi Park, Yebong Lee, In Suk Hamm, Dong Seok Lee, Seong-Su Moon, and Kwan Lee. 2020. "Clinical Characteristics of the COVID-19 Patients with Pneumonia Detected by Computerized Tomography but Negative for Infiltration by X-ray" Healthcare 8, no. 4: 518. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8040518