Determinants of Behavioral Changes Since COVID-19 among Middle School Students
Abstract
:1. Introduction
1.1. Literature Review
1.1.1. Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescents
1.1.2. Determinants of Adolescents’ Protective Behavior Changes Since COVID-19
1.1.3. The Current Study
2. Methods
2.1. Participants and Sampling
2.2. Measures
2.2.1. Protective Behavior Changes Since COVID-19
2.2.2. Individual Factors
2.2.3. Family Factors
Family Satisfaction
Subjective Poverty
2.2.4. Environmental Factors
Levels of Sanitation Since COVID-19
Perceptions Regarding the Risk of COVID-19
2.3. Analysis Strategy
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variable | Boys (n = 146) | Girls (n = 182) | Total | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
% or Mean (SD) | % or Mean (SD) | (n = 328) | ||
Protective behavior changes since COVID-19 | 16.40 (3.25) | 17.20 (2.38) | 16.85 (2.82) | * |
Individual factors | ||||
Age | 14.41 (.74) | 14.37 (1.19) | 14.39 (1.01) | |
Health status | 16.52 (3.76) | 15.99 (3.53) | 16.23 (3.63) | |
Family factors | ||||
Subjective poverty | 28.1% | 27.5% | 27.7% | |
Family satisfaction | 38.95 (7.14) | 38.63 (7.80) | 38.77 (7.50) | |
Environmental factors | ||||
Levels of sanitation since COVID-19 | 16.51 (2.94) | 16.35 (2.52) | 16.42 (2.72) | |
Perceptions regarding the risk of COVID-19 | 17.90 (2.30) | 18.19 (2.18) | 18.06 (2.23) |
Variables | Protective Behavior Changes Since COVID-19 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
(Constant) | 17.05 (2.38) | 15.03 (2.30) | 4.66 (2.46) | |||
Individual factors | ||||||
Gender (girl) | 0.77 (0.31) | * | 0.76 (0.30) | * | 0.68 (0.27) | * |
Age | 0.01 (0.15) | 0.07 (0.15) | 0.06 (0.14) | |||
Health status | −0.05 (.04) | −0.12 (0.04) | ** | −0.14 (0.04) | *** | |
Family factors | ||||||
Subjective poverty | −0.30 (0.34) | −0.30 (0.31) | ||||
Family satisfaction | 0.12 (0.02) | *** | 0.06 (0.02) | ** | ||
Environmental factors | ||||||
Levels of sanitation since COVID-19 | 0.27 (0.06) | *** | ||||
Perceptions regarding the risk of COVID-19 | 0.35 (0.06) | *** |
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Lee, J.; Allen, J.; Lim, H.; Choi, G. Determinants of Behavioral Changes Since COVID-19 among Middle School Students. Healthcare 2021, 9, 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9010075
Lee J, Allen J, Lim H, Choi G. Determinants of Behavioral Changes Since COVID-19 among Middle School Students. Healthcare. 2021; 9(1):75. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9010075
Chicago/Turabian StyleLee, Jaewon, Jennifer Allen, Hyejung Lim, and Gyuhyun Choi. 2021. "Determinants of Behavioral Changes Since COVID-19 among Middle School Students" Healthcare 9, no. 1: 75. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9010075