Characteristics of COVID-19-Related Free Telephone Consultations by Public Health Nurses in Japan: A Retrospective Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Study Sample
2.2. Variables on Telephone Consultation Sheets
2.3. Statistical Analysis
2.4. Ethical Statement
3. Results
3.1. Characteristics of COVID-19-Related Free Telephone Consultations
3.2. Characteristics of the Residents Group
3.3. Reasons for Seeking Consultation by the Type of Organization
3.4. The Patterns of Both “Consultations Provided to Community People” and “Recommendations of the PHNs for Each Consultation”
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | Total (N = 1017) N (%) or Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | The Resident Group (n = 799) n (%) or Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | The Organization Group (n = 218) n (%) or Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | p |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
Male | 471 (46.3) | 343 (42.9) | 128 (58.7) | <0.001 * |
Age (n = 662) | ||||
<60 years old | 498 (75.2) | 408 (76.7) | 90 (69.2) | 0.077 * |
≥60 years | 164 (24.8) | 124 (23.3) | 40 (30.8) | |
Consultation time | ||||
9 a.m. to 11 a.m. | 508 (50.0) | 387 (48.4) | 121 (55.5) | 0.045 * |
12 p.m. to 14 p.m. | 261 (25.7) | 219 (27.4) | 42 (19.3) | |
15 p.m. to 17 p.m. | 248 (24.4) | 193 (24.2) | 55 (25.2) | |
Duration of consultation: min (n = 622) | 6.8 ± 4.7 (1–50) | 6.9 ± 4.8 (1–50) | 6.6 ± 4.1 (1–20) | 0.716 § |
Categories of organizations | ||||
Private companies | - | - | 47 (21.6) | - |
Administrative organs | - | - | 14 (6.4) | |
Educational institutions | - | - | 9 (4.1) | |
Health- and welfare-related organizations | - | - | 148 (67.9) |
Variables | Male (n = 343) n (%) or Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | Female (n = 456) n (%) or Mean ± SD (Min–Max) | p |
---|---|---|---|
Age (n = 532) | |||
<60 years old | 182 (81.6) | 226 (73.1) | 0.023 * |
≥60 years old | 41 (18.4) | 83 (26.9) | |
Consultation time | |||
9 a.m. to 11 a.m. | 172 (50.1) | 215 (47.1) | 0.644 * |
12 p.m. to 14 p.m. | 93 (27.1) | 126 (27.6) | |
15 p.m. to 17 p.m. | 78 (22.7) | 115 (25.2) | |
Duration of consultation: min | 6.9 ± 95.0 [1–35] | 6.9 ± 94.7 [1–50] | 0.538 § |
Consultation details: multiple answer | |||
Having COVID-19-related symptoms | 285 (83.1) | 400 (87.7) | 0.064 * |
Having contacts with returnees from abroad | 24 (7.0) | 16 (3.5) | 0.025 * |
Having contacts with COVID-19 patients | 27 (7.9) | 34 (7.5) | 0.827 * |
Visiting a clinic | 25 (7.3) | 39 (8.6) | 0.515 * |
Undergoing PCR testing | 38 (11.1) | 54 (11.8) | 0.738 * |
Going to work or school | 20 (5.8) | 21 (4.6) | 0.437 * |
Other consultations | 48 (14.0) | 51 (11.2) | 0.233 * |
Recommendations of PHNs for the consultations: multiple answer | |||
Recommendation of primary care doctor visit | 224 (65.3) | 316 (69.3) | 0.233 * |
Recommendations for self-care: adequate rest and hydration | 55 (16.0) | 68 (14.9) | 0.663 * |
Self-health monitoring | 92 (26.8) | 119 (26.1) | 0.818 * |
Provision of information on infection prevention measures | 36 (10.5) | 48 (10.5) | 0.989 * |
Provision of COVID-19 information | 32 (9.3) | 33 (7.2) | 0.284 * |
Provision of information on clinics and PCR testing | 22 (6.4) | 24 (5.3) | 0.489 * |
Coordination of clinic visits and PCR testing | 10 (2.9) | 21 (4.6) | 0.221 * |
Other recommendations | 4 (1.2) | 4 (0.9) | 0.685 * |
Recommendations of PHNs for Each Consultation | Consultation Details from Community People | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Having COVID-19-Related Symptoms (n = 809) | Having Contacts with Returnees from Abroad (n = 42) | Having Contacts with COVID-19 Patients (n = 79) | Visiting a Clinic (n = 73) | Undergoing PCR Testing (n = 187) | Going to Work or School (n = 53) | Other Consultations (n = 188) | |
Recommendation of primary care doctor visit | 623 (77.0) | 27 (64.3) | 28 (35.4) | 52 (71.2) | 137 (73.3) | 11 (20.8) | 24 (12.8) |
Recommendations for self-care: adequate rest and hydration | 122 (15.1) | 5 (11.9) | 8 (10.1) | 3 (4.1) | 9 (4.8) | 3 (5.7) | 8 (4.3) |
Self-health monitoring | 183 (22.6) | 15 (35.7) | 24 (30.4) | 6 (8.2) | 17 (9.1) | 22 (41.5) | 29 (15.4) |
Provision of information on infection prevention measures | 67 (8.3) | 3 (7.1) | 18 (22.8) | 5 (6.8) | 7 (3.7) | 9 (17.0) | 53 (28.2) |
Provision of COVID-19-related information | 30 (3.7) | 4 (9.5) | 17 (21.5) | 6 (8.2) | 10 (5.3) | 14 (26.4) | 85 (45.2) |
Provision of information on clinics and PCR testing | 32 (4.0) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (3.8) | 8 (11.0) | 29 (15.5) | 4 (7.5) | 26 (13.8) |
Coordination of clinic visits and PCR testing | 119 (14.7) | 2 (4.8) | 10 (12.7) | 7 (9.6) | 91 (48.7) | 1 (1.9) | 4 (2.1) |
Other recommendations | 8 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0.0) | 16 (8.5) |
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Sumikawa, Y.; Honda, C.; Yoshioka-Maeda, K.; Yamamoto-Mitani, N. Characteristics of COVID-19-Related Free Telephone Consultations by Public Health Nurses in Japan: A Retrospective Study. Healthcare 2021, 9, 1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081022
Sumikawa Y, Honda C, Yoshioka-Maeda K, Yamamoto-Mitani N. Characteristics of COVID-19-Related Free Telephone Consultations by Public Health Nurses in Japan: A Retrospective Study. Healthcare. 2021; 9(8):1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081022
Chicago/Turabian StyleSumikawa, Yuka, Chikako Honda, Kyoko Yoshioka-Maeda, and Noriko Yamamoto-Mitani. 2021. "Characteristics of COVID-19-Related Free Telephone Consultations by Public Health Nurses in Japan: A Retrospective Study" Healthcare 9, no. 8: 1022. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9081022