Caregiver Burden and Family Quality of Life in Early Intervention: The Role of Mothers and Family Confidence
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- -
- Analyze caregiver burden and family confidence as predictors of FQoL together with child- and family-level factors in order to investigate their interaction role with family confidence.
- -
- Analyze the influence of child severity and caregiver burden on FQoL, with and without the mediating influence of family confidence.
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Procedure
2.3. Instruments
2.3.1. Family Quality of Life
2.3.2. Caregiver Burden
2.3.3. Family Confidence in Early Intervention
2.4. Data Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
4.1. Limitations
4.2. Implications
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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N | M | SD | Min | Max | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mother–Child Interaction Time | 55 | 4.24 | 0.98 | 2 | 5 |
Father–Child interaction Time | 53 | 3.26 | 1.18 | 1 | 5 |
Adult’s Age | 58 | 36.52 | 9.45 | 2 | 56 |
Child’s age | 57 | 43.42 | 18.64 | 3 | 81 |
Child’s support needs (1–5) | 56 | 3.43 | 1.17 | 1 | 5 |
Child’s functioning Level (1–5) | 57 | 4.16 | 2.99 | 2 | 24 |
Time in ECI | 55 | 16.56 | 12.49 | 1 | 48 |
N | % | ||||
Family Monthly Income | |||||
Less than EUR 600 | 6 | 11.3 | |||
From EUR 600 to EUR 1200 | 10 | 18.9 | |||
From EUR 1200 to EUR 1800 | 17 | 32.1 | |||
From EUR 1800 to EUR 2500 | 7 | 13.2 | |||
From EUR 2500 to EUR 5000 | 9 | 17 | |||
More than EUR 5000 | 4 | 7.5 | |||
Did not answer | 5 | 8.6 | |||
Total | 58 | 100 | |||
Respondent’s relationship with the child | |||||
Grandmother | 2 | 3.4 | |||
Mother | 34 | 58.6 | |||
Father | 10 | 17.2 | |||
Both Mother and Father completed questionnaire | 11 | 19 | |||
Total | 58 | 100 | |||
Adult’s Gender | |||||
Man | 14 | 24.1 | |||
Woman | 44 | 75.9 | |||
Total | 58 | 100 | |||
Child’s gender | |||||
Boy | 42 | 72.4 | |||
Girl | 16 | 27.6 | |||
Total | 58 | 100 |
Variable | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Support needs | — | ||||||
2. Severity | 0.384 ** | — | |||||
3. Income | −0.219 | −0.183 | — | ||||
4. Burden | 0.367 ** | 0.213 | −0.174 | — | |||
5. CHC | −0.461 *** | −0.469 *** | 0.412 ** | −0.135 | — | ||
6. CHF | −0.334 * | −0.348 * | 0.430 ** | −0.384 ** | 0.611 *** | — | |
7. FEIQoL | −0.232 | −0.362 * | 0.359 * | −0.405 ** | 0.439 ** | 0.656 *** | — |
Model’s Global Test | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model | R | R2 | R2 Adjusted | RMSE | F | df1 | df2 | p |
1 | 0.461 | 0.212 | 0.146 | 0.727 | 3.231 | 3 | 36 | 0.034 |
2 | 0.719 | 0.516 | 0.445 | 0.570 | 7.262 | 5 | 34 | < 0.001 |
3 | 0.757 | 0.573 | 0.495 | 0.536 | 7.383 | 6 | 33 | < 0.001 |
Model | Estimate | SE | t | p | β |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | |||||
Constant a | 3.300 | 0.536 | 6.153 | <0.001 | |
Adult Sex (Mothers) | −0.019 | 0.282 | −0.068 | 0.946 | −0.023 |
Support Needs | −0.143 | 0.102 | −1.410 | 0.167 | −0.214 |
Income | 0.208 | 0.087 | 2.396 | 0.022 | 0.363 |
Model 2 | |||||
Constant a | 2.215 | 0.803 | 2.760 | 0.009 | |
Adult Sex (Mothers) | 0.015 | 0.227 | 0.067 | 0.947 | 0.018 |
Support Needs | −0.018 | 0.087 | −0.208 | 0.837 | −0.027 |
Income | 0.099 | 0.076 | 1.302 | 0.202 | 0.173 |
Burden | −0.395 | 0.183 | −2.162 | 0.038 | −0.286 |
CHF | 0.639 | 0.197 | 3.236 | 0.003 | 0.461 |
Model 3 | |||||
Constant a | 4.527 | 1.344 | 3.369 | 0.002 | |
Adult Sex (Mothers) | −3.020 | 1.467 | −2.059 | 0.047 | −0.047 |
Support Needs | 0.021 | 0.085 | 0.246 | 0.808 | 0.031 |
Income | 0.136 | 0.075 | 1.819 | 0.078 | 0.237 |
Burden | −0.347 | 0.176 | −1.975 | 0.057 | −0.252 |
CHF | −0.299 | 0.486 | −0.615 | 0.543 | −0.216 |
CHF × Adult Sex (Mothers) | 1.074 | 0.513 | 2.093 | 0.044 | 0.775 |
95% CI | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Predictor | M | DV | Estimate | SE | z | p | Lower | Upper | ||
Direct effects | ||||||||||
Burden | → | FEIQoL | −0.358 | 0.226 | −1.584 | 0.113 | −0.802 | 0.085 | ||
Severity | → | FEIQoL | −0.185 | 0.132 | −1.407 | 0.159 | 0.073 | −0.444 | ||
Indirect effects | ||||||||||
Burden | → | CHF | → | FEIQoL | −0.286 | 0.130 | −2.203 | 0.028 | −0.541 | −0.032 |
Severity | → | CHF | → | FEIQoL | −0.157 | 0.072 | −2.168 | 0.030 | −0.015 | −0.298 |
Total effects | ||||||||||
Burden | → | FEIQoL | −0.645 | 0.204 | −3.158 | 0.002 | −1.045 | −0.245 | ||
Severity | → | FEIQoL | −0.342 | 0.138 | −2.473 | 0.013 | −0.071 | −0.613 | ||
Path coefficients | ||||||||||
ConFamCAF | → | FEIQoL | 0.517 | 0.119 | 4.354 | <0.001 | 0.284 | 0.750 | ||
Burden | → | CHF | −0.554 | 0.206 | −2.683 | 0.007 | −0.958 | −0.149 | ||
Severity | → | CHF | −0.303 | 0.131 | −2.316 | 0.021 | −0.046 | −0.559 |
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García-Grau, P.; Martínez-Rico, G.; González-García, R.J.; Escorcia-Mora, C.T.; Cañadas-Pérez, M. Caregiver Burden and Family Quality of Life in Early Intervention: The Role of Mothers and Family Confidence. Eur. J. Investig. Health Psychol. Educ. 2024, 14, 1325-1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14050087
García-Grau P, Martínez-Rico G, González-García RJ, Escorcia-Mora CT, Cañadas-Pérez M. Caregiver Burden and Family Quality of Life in Early Intervention: The Role of Mothers and Family Confidence. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education. 2024; 14(5):1325-1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14050087
Chicago/Turabian StyleGarcía-Grau, Pau, Gabriel Martínez-Rico, Rómulo J. González-García, Claudia Tatiana Escorcia-Mora, and Margarita Cañadas-Pérez. 2024. "Caregiver Burden and Family Quality of Life in Early Intervention: The Role of Mothers and Family Confidence" European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 14, no. 5: 1325-1337. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14050087