Antinociceptive Activity of Macaranga denticulata Muell. Arg. (Family: Euphorbiaceae): In Vivo and In Silico Studies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods and Materials
2.1. Plant Sample Collection and Identification
2.2. Extraction Procedure
2.3. Drugs and Chemicals
2.4. Swiss Albino Mice
2.5. Phytochemical Screening
2.6. Acute Toxicity Study
2.7. In Vivo Antinociceptive Activity
2.7.1. Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing Test
2.7.2. Formalin-Induced Licking Test
2.8. In Silico Molecular Docking Study
2.8.1. Ligand and Protein Preparation
2.8.2. Receptor Grid Generation
2.8.3. Glide Standard Precision Ligand Docking
2.9. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
3.1. Phytochemical Screening
3.2. Acute Toxicity Study
3.3. In Vivo Antinociceptive Activity: Acetic Acid Test
3.4. In Vivo Antinociceptive Activity: Formalin Test
3.5. In Silico Study: Molecular Docking Study for Antinociceptive Activity
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Authors Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | Writhing | % Inhibition |
---|---|---|
Control | 59.33 ± 1.84 | - |
Diclofenac-Na (10 mg/kg) | 18.00 ± 0.82 ** | 69.66 |
Met.MD (200 mg/kg) | 33.67 ± 1.18 * | 43.26 |
Met.MD (400 mg/kg) | 25.33 ± 0.82 ** | 57.30 |
Treatment | Early Phase (s) | % Inhibition of Early Phase | Late Phase (s) | % Inhibition of Late Phase |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 57.31 ± 1.06 | - | 41.74 ± 1.46 | - |
Diclofenac-Na (10 mg/kg) | 14.95 ± 0.60 ** | 73.91 | 12.26 ± 0.52 ** | 70.62 |
Met.MD (200 mg/kg) | 30.47 ± 1.82 ** | 46.83 | 25.58 ± 1.56 * | 38.72 |
Met.MD (400 mg/kg) | 21.70 ± 1.16 ** | 62.14 | 21.36 ± 0.92 ** | 48.83 |
Compound Name | Molecular Docking Score | Glide E Model | Glide G Score |
---|---|---|---|
3-acetylaleuritolic acid | −2.226 | −32.351 | −2.232 |
β-Sitosterol | −3.024 | −21.251 | −3.024 |
macarangin | −5.816 | −51.977 | −5.816 |
oleanolic acid | −0.023 | −24.329 | −2.700 |
scopoletin | −5.381 | −31.695 | −5.386 |
stigmasterol | −2.397 | −19.423 | −2.397 |
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Hasanat, A.; Chowdhury, T.A.; Kabir, M.S.H.; Chowdhury, M.S.; Chy, M.N.U.; Barua, J.; Chakrabarty, N.; Paul, A. Antinociceptive Activity of Macaranga denticulata Muell. Arg. (Family: Euphorbiaceae): In Vivo and In Silico Studies. Medicines 2017, 4, 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4040088
Hasanat A, Chowdhury TA, Kabir MSH, Chowdhury MS, Chy MNU, Barua J, Chakrabarty N, Paul A. Antinociceptive Activity of Macaranga denticulata Muell. Arg. (Family: Euphorbiaceae): In Vivo and In Silico Studies. Medicines. 2017; 4(4):88. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4040088
Chicago/Turabian StyleHasanat, Abul, Tanvir Ahmad Chowdhury, Mohammad Shah Hafez Kabir, Mohammed Sohel Chowdhury, Md. Nazim Uddin Chy, Jackie Barua, Nishan Chakrabarty, and Arkajyoti Paul. 2017. "Antinociceptive Activity of Macaranga denticulata Muell. Arg. (Family: Euphorbiaceae): In Vivo and In Silico Studies" Medicines 4, no. 4: 88. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicines4040088