Supplementary Light on the Development of Lettuce and Cauliflower Seedlings
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Experimental Conditions and Species Tested
3.2. Experiment Preparation and Treatments
3.3. Evaluation of the Biometric and Biochemical Parameters of the Seedlings
3.4. Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Treatment | Root Dry Weight (mg) | Root Length (cm) | Aerial Dry Weight (mg) | Cumulative Leaf Area (cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 20.40 ± 0.44 | 19.5 ± 2.88 | 59.7 ± 2.91 | 3899 ± 742 |
Supplemental light | 69.41 ± 1.57 * | 25.3 ± 5.59 * | 182.9 ± 1.11 * | 9256 ± 1392 * |
CV (%) | 25.7 | 19.9 | 18.2 | 17.0 |
Treatment | Root Dry Weight (mg) | Root Length (cm) | Aerial Dry Weight (mg) | Cumulative Leaf Area (cm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 1.53 ± 0.55 | 8.8 ± 0.92 | 5.53 ± 0.99 | 1438 ± 610 |
Supplemental light | 4.45 ± 0.26 * | 11.0 ± 2.61 * | 12.6 ± 3.69 * | 2690 ± 299 * |
CV (%) | 32.1 | 13.3 | 30.0 | 23.3 |
Treatment | Control | Supplemental Lighting | tcalculated 1 | CV (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | g·kg−1 (d.b.) | 44.6 ± 0.2 * | 38.4 ± 1.2 | 7.56 | 8.93 |
P | 8.6 ± 0.1 * | 7.4 ± 0.5 | 4.80 | 9.44 | |
K | 65.5 ± 1.1 * | 49.2 ± 4.2 | 7.43 | 16.95 | |
Ca | 8.6 ± 0.1 ns | 8.0 ± 0.8 | 1.54 | 6.89 | |
Mg | 4.9 ± 0.1 * | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 5.35 | 16.58 | |
S | 2.9 ± 0.1 * | 2.1 ± 0.1 | 16.00 | 19.00 | |
Zn | mg·kg−1 (d.b.) | 94.4 ± 4.1 * | 78.9 ± 3.2 | 5.99 | 10.93 |
Cu | 18.7 ± 6.1 ns | 21.2 ± 1.1 | 0.79 | 19.24 | |
Mn | 128.7 ± 15.7 ns | 160.7 ± 16.1 | 2.76 | 15.78 | |
Fe | 362.7 ± 7.8 * | 209.0 ± 7.8 | 27.81 | 31.12 | |
B | 17.9 ± 0.8 ns | 16.2 ± 0.1 | 6.45 | 6.45 |
Treatment | Control | Supplemental Lighting | tcalculated 1 | CV (%) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | g·kg−1 (d.b.) | 36.9 ± 2.1 | 43.3 ± 1.0 * | 5.67 | 9.85 |
P | 5.0 ± 0.1 ns | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 2.68 | 4.24 | |
K | 50.5 ± 0.4 ns | 49.5 ± 0.4 | 4.00 | 1.29 | |
Ca | 12.9 ± 0.1 ns | 14.9 ± 0.2 | 3.32 | 9.73 | |
Mg | 6.9 ± 0.1 | 9.3 ± 0.2 * | 18.43 | 16.90 | |
S | 8.7 ± 0.1 ns | 8.7 ± 0.5 | 0.19 | 3.44 | |
Zn | mg·kg−1 (d.b.) | 39.3 ± 2.2 | 52.6 ± 2.8 * | 7.46 | 17.38 |
Cu | 6.6 ± 0.8 ns | 10.3 ± 3.8 | 1.92 | 37.06 | |
Mn | 78.4 ± 0.8 | 107.7 ± 7.7 * | 7.56 | 18.81 | |
Fe | 105.1 ± 4.9 ns | 155.1 ± 30.0 | 3.29 | 25.97 | |
B | 16.9 ± 0.3 | 20.3 ± 1.0 * | 6.60 | 11.03 |
Treatment | Chlorophyll-a (mg∙kg−1 d.b.) | Chlorophyll-b (mg∙kg−1 d.b.) | Total Chlorophyll (mg∙kg−1 d.b.) | a/b Chlorophyll Ratio | Phenolics (mg∙100 g−1 d.b.) | Flavonoids (mg∙100 g−1 d.b.) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 175 ± 12 | 82 ± 18 | 258 ± 30 | 2.13 ± 0.17 * | 27.2 ± 4.18 | 29.1 ± 0.89 |
Suppl. Lighting | 203 ± 4 * | 136 ± 4 * | 340 ± 9 * | 1.49 ± 0.07 | 29.4 ± 1.05 * | 37.9 ± 2.67 * |
CV (%) | 4.7 | 12.2 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 10.8 | 5.9 |
Treatment | Chlorophyll-a (mg∙kg−1 d.b.) | Chlorophyll-b (mg∙kg−1 d.b.) | Total Chlorophyll (mg∙kg−1 d.b.) | a/b Chlorophyll Ratio | Phenolics (mg∙100 g−1 d.b.) | Flavonoids (mg∙100 g−1 d.b.) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Control | 93.0 ± 34.5 ns | 42.8 ± 17.7 ns | 135.8 ± 52.2 ns | 2.17 ± 0.37 ns | 198.4 ± 28.6 * | 28.1 ± 8.6 ns |
Suppl. Lighting | 138.7 ± 32.1 | 69.3 ± 17.5 | 208.0 ± 49.5 | 2.00 ± 0.23 | 136.8 ± 14.0 | 21.5 ± 1.4 |
CV (%) | 28.8 | 31.4 | 29.7 | 25.8 | 13.4 | 25 |
Period | Temperature (°C) | Insolation Time (h) | RH (%) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Average | Minimum | Maximum | ||||
Climatological normal | 24–31 May | 14.3 | 11.3 | 18.9 | 36.2 | 82.9 |
1–30 June | 13.0 | 9.7 | 17.5 | 140.6 | 62.7 | |
Experiment | 24–31 May | 13.2 | 10.4 | 16.7 | 18.6 | 85.7 |
1–30 June | 11.0 | 7.9 | 15.2 | 119.0 | 82.5 |
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Rizzon, A.A.; Silvestre, W.P.; Vicenço, C.B.; Rota, L.D.; Pauletti, G.F. Supplementary Light on the Development of Lettuce and Cauliflower Seedlings. Stresses 2024, 4, 94-106. https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4010006
Rizzon AA, Silvestre WP, Vicenço CB, Rota LD, Pauletti GF. Supplementary Light on the Development of Lettuce and Cauliflower Seedlings. Stresses. 2024; 4(1):94-106. https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4010006
Chicago/Turabian StyleRizzon, Adilson Antonio, Wendel Paulo Silvestre, Camila Bonatto Vicenço, Luciana Duarte Rota, and Gabriel Fernandes Pauletti. 2024. "Supplementary Light on the Development of Lettuce and Cauliflower Seedlings" Stresses 4, no. 1: 94-106. https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4010006