Antioxidant Properties of Marrubium peregrinum L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
Percentage | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Compounds | RIa | M. peregrinum (No. 1) | M. peregrinum (No. 2) | M. peregrinum (No. 3) | Identification methodb |
α-pinene | 939 | 0.36 | 0.27 | 0.32 | RT GC MS |
camphene | 950 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.13 | RT* MS |
sabinene | 972 | - | 0.12 | 0.10 | RT GC MS |
1-octen-3-ol | 976 | 4.88 | 5.08 | 2.94 | RT* MS |
β-pinene | 978 | 0.46 | 0.52 | 0.46 | RT GC MS |
limonene | 1030 | 0.98 | 1.12 | 1.20 | RT GC MS |
β-phellandrene | 1034 | 0.92 | 0.80 | 0.92 | RT* MS |
α-terpinolene | 1090 | 0.38 | 0.44 | 0.50 | RT* MS |
linalool | 1100 | 0.20 | 0.27 | 0.25 | RT GC MS |
α-thujone | 1104 | 2.12 | 2.31 | 3.26 | RT GC MS |
nonanal | 1105 | 0.28 | 0.52 | 0.28 | RT* MS |
β-thujone | 1104 | 1.46 | 1.28 | 1.71 | RT GC MS |
geijerene | 1150 | 3.21 | 4.02 | 3.70 | RT* MS |
bornyl-acetate | 1288 | 1.42 | 1.41 | 1.03 | RT GC MS |
carvacrol | 1298 | 1.32 | 1.41 | 1.56 | RT GC MS |
pregeijerene | 1303 | 0.56 | 0.77 | 0.54 | RT* MS |
eugenol | 1366 | 0.16 | 0.20 | 0.12 | RT* MS |
α-copaene | 1391 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.19 | RT* MS |
β-bourbonene | 1400 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.51 | RT* MS |
β-cubenene | 1404 | 0.52 | 0.46 | 0.72 | RT* MS |
α-gurjunene | 1408 | 3.09 | 3.43 | 3.37 | RT* MS |
β-caryophyllene | 1440 | 13.20 | 14.34 | 17.99 | RT GC MS |
(Z)-β-farnesene | 1446 | 4.28 | 4.71 | 5.12 | RT* MS |
α-humulene | 1452 | 2.04 | 1.90 | 2.62 | RT GC MS |
(E)-β-farnesene | 1456 | 3.71 | 4.37 | 5.08 | RT* MS |
γ-muurolene | 1494 | 5.59 | 5.56 | 6.26 | RT* MS |
germacrene-D | 1503 | 6.79 | 8.56 | 9.05 | RT* MS |
β-ionone | 1514 | 1.14 | 0.15 | 0.90 | RT* MS |
bicyclogermacrene | 1517 | 7.63 | 6.42 | 9.80 | RT* MS |
α-muurolene | 1526 | 0.14 | 0.19 | 0.12 | RT* MS |
γ-cadinene | 1533 | - | 0.10 | 0.10 | RT* MS |
δ-cadinene | 1540 | 1.33 | 1.61 | 1.66 | RT* MS |
nerolidol | 1570 | 0.51 | 0.62 | 0.56 | RT* MS |
α-cadinene | 1582 | 0.10 | - | 0.12 | RT* MS |
spathulenol | 1601 | 5.18 | 5.68 | 3.76 | RT* MS |
caryophyllene oxide | 1610 | 4.23 | 3.73 | 4.98 | RT* MS |
viridiflorol | 1618 | 0.78 | 0.76 | 0.80 | RT* MS |
octadecane | 1799 | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.32 | RT* MS |
nonadecane | 1900 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 0.10 | RT* MS |
undecane | 1948 | - | - | 0.65 | RT* MS |
dodecane | 1956 | 1.28 | 1.36 | 0.26 | RT* MS |
palmitic acid | 1962 | 1.35 | 1.04 | 1.13 | RT* MS |
heneicosane | 2100 | 0.32 | 0.29 | 0.26 | RT* MS |
tricosane | 2299 | 0.72 | 0.66 | 0.70 | RT* MS |
Total identified | 83.66 | 87.60 | 96.15 | ||
Monoterpene hydrocarbons | 3.20 | 3.37 | 3.63 | ||
Oxygenated monoterpenes | 5.20 | 5.27 | 6.25 | ||
Aromatic oxygenated monoterpenes | 1.48 | 1.61 | 1.68 | ||
Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 49.10 | 52.28 | 62.71 | ||
Oxygenated sesquiterpenes | 11.84 | 10.94 | 11.00 | ||
Aliphatic compounds | 12.84 | 14.13 | 10.88 |
IC50 (μg/mL) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Source | DPPH radical | O2•− radical | NO radical |
M. peregrinum (No. 1) | 13.48 | 11.68 | 11.87 |
M. peregrinum (No. 2) | 13.41 | 16.41 | 13.12 |
M. peregrinum (No. 3) | 11.69 | 10.82 | 8.81 |
BHT | 14.31 | 10.46 | 8.63 |
Source | Compound | Rf values |
---|---|---|
M. peregrinum | carvacrol | 0.62 |
α- and β-thujone | 0.64-0.67 | |
bornyl acetate | 0.69 | |
mixture of mono and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons | 0.97 |
IC50 (μg/mL) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Source | M. peregrinum (No. 1) | M. peregrinum (No. 2) | M. peregrinum (No. 3) | BHT |
XOD | 21.56 | 23.43 | 17.63 | 19.23 |
3. Experimental
3.1. General
3.2. Essential oil analysis
3.3. In vitro experiments
3.4. Rapid screening for scavenging compounds of essential oils
3.5. Chemicals
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgements
- Sample Availability: Not available.
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Kaurinovic, B.; Vlaisavljevic, S.; Popovic, M.; Vastag, D.; Djurendic-Brenesel, M. Antioxidant Properties of Marrubium peregrinum L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil. Molecules 2010, 15, 5943-5955. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15095943
Kaurinovic B, Vlaisavljevic S, Popovic M, Vastag D, Djurendic-Brenesel M. Antioxidant Properties of Marrubium peregrinum L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil. Molecules. 2010; 15(9):5943-5955. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15095943
Chicago/Turabian StyleKaurinovic, Biljana, Sanja Vlaisavljevic, Mira Popovic, Djendji Vastag, and Maja Djurendic-Brenesel. 2010. "Antioxidant Properties of Marrubium peregrinum L. (Lamiaceae) Essential Oil" Molecules 15, no. 9: 5943-5955. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15095943