Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Simultaneous Extraction for Preparation of Genipin from Bark of Eucommia ulmoides after Ultrasound, Microwave Pretreatment
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Effect of Pretreatment Method
2.1.1. Effect of Irradiation Power
2.1.2. Effect of Different Pretreated Programs
2.2. Effect of Enzymatic Hydrolysis Parameters
2.2.1. Selection of Enzyme Type
2.2.2. Effect of Enzyme Concentration
2.2.3. Effect of pH
2.2.4. Effect of Incubation Temperature
2.2.5. Effect of Incubation Time
2.2.6. Effect of Liquid-Solid Ratio
2.3. Optimization Parameters by RSM
Run | BBD Experiments | ANOVA | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
X1 | X2 | X3 | Y | Source | Sum of Squares | Degree of Freedom | Mean Square | f-Value | p-Value | ||||||
1 | 0.75 | 3.0 | 40 | 1.19 | Model a | 1.24 | 9 | 0.14 | 1491.22 | <0.0001 | |||||
2 | 0.50 | 4.0 | 40 | 1.76 | X1 | 0.028 | 1 | 0.028 | 299.67 | <0.0001 | |||||
3 | 0.25 | 3.0 | 40 | 1.07 | X2 | 0.0003125 | 1 | 0.0003125 | 3.39 | 0.1081 | |||||
4 | 0.50 | 4.0 | 40 | 1.76 | X3 | 0.0002 | 1 | 0.0002 | 2.17 | 0.1842 | |||||
5 | 0.75 | 5.0 | 40 | 1.16 | X1X2 | 0.000025 | 1 | 0.000025 | 0.27 | 0.6185 | |||||
6 | 0.75 | 4.0 | 30 | 1.21 | X1X3 | 0.0004 | 1 | 0.0004 | 4.34 | 0.0757 | |||||
7 | 0.75 | 4.0 | 50 | 1.23 | X2X3 | 0.0016 | 1 | 0.0016 | 17.36 | 0.0042 | |||||
8 | 0.50 | 5.0 | 50 | 1.41 | 0.79 | 1 | 0.79 | 8577.32 | <0.0001 | ||||||
9 | 0.25 | 5.0 | 40 | 1.05 | 0.19 | 1 | 0.19 | 2078.03 | <0.0001 | ||||||
10 | 0.25 | 4.0 | 30 | 1.11 | 0.12 | 1 | 0.12 | 1332.28 | <0.0001 | ||||||
11 | 0.50 | 5.0 | 30 | 1.35 | Residual | 0.000645 | 7 | 0.00009214 | |||||||
12 | 0.25 | 4.0 | 50 | 1.09 | Lack of fit | 0.000625 | 3 | 0.000175 | 5.83 | 0.0607 | |||||
13 | 0.50 | 4.0 | 40 | 1.76 | Pure error | 0.00012 | 4 | 0.00003 | |||||||
14 | 0.50 | 3.0 | 50 | 1.37 | Cor total | 1.24 | 16 | ||||||||
15 | 0.50 | 3.0 | 30 | 1.39 | Credibility analysis of the regression equations | ||||||||||
16 | 0.50 | 4.0 | 40 | 1.77 | Index mark | Standard deviation | Mean | Coefficient of variation% | Press | R2 | Adjust R2 | Predicted R2 | Adequacy precision | ||
17 | 0.50 | 4.0 | 40 | 1.77 | Y | 0.01 | 1.38 | 0.70 | 0.01 | 0.9995 | 0.9988 | 0.9931 | 96.30 |
2.4. Structural Changes of Samples after EHSE
3. Experimental Section
3.1. Plant Materials and Chemicals
3.2. HPLC Analysis and Quantification
3.3. Sample Degreased
3.4. EHSE for Preparation of Genipin
3.5. Optimization EHSE by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)
3.6. SEM
4. Conclusions
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Li, L.; Guo, Y.; Zhao, L.; Zu, Y.; Gu, H.; Yang, L. Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Simultaneous Extraction for Preparation of Genipin from Bark of Eucommia ulmoides after Ultrasound, Microwave Pretreatment. Molecules 2015, 20, 18717-18731. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201018717
Li L, Guo Y, Zhao L, Zu Y, Gu H, Yang L. Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Simultaneous Extraction for Preparation of Genipin from Bark of Eucommia ulmoides after Ultrasound, Microwave Pretreatment. Molecules. 2015; 20(10):18717-18731. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201018717
Chicago/Turabian StyleLi, Lili, Yupin Guo, Lianfei Zhao, Yuangang Zu, Huiyan Gu, and Lei Yang. 2015. "Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Simultaneous Extraction for Preparation of Genipin from Bark of Eucommia ulmoides after Ultrasound, Microwave Pretreatment" Molecules 20, no. 10: 18717-18731. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules201018717