Identification and Expression Analysis of Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Genes and Estimation of Glucosinolate Contents in Edible Organs of Brassica oleracea Subspecies
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Experimental Section
2.1. Plant Materials and Growth Conditions
No. | Common Name | Genotype | Sampling Site/Edible Organ | Scientific Name of the Genotype |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Cabbage | White cabbage | Leaf | B. oleracea L. convar capitata (L) Alef. var. alba DC |
2 | Cabbage | Cabbage | Leaf | B. oleracea var. capitata alba |
3 | Cabbage | Sprouting red cabbage | Leaf | B. oleracea capitata rubra |
4 | Kale | Curly kale Halftall | Leaf | B. oleracea acephala |
5 | Kale | Curly kale | Leaf | B. oleracea L. convar. acephala |
6 | Kale | Curly kale | Leaf | B. oleracea L. convar. acephala |
7 | Kohlrabi | Kohlrabi | Stem | B. oleracea var. italica Plenck |
8 | Kohlrabi | Kohlrabi | Stem | B. oleracea var. italica Plenck |
9 | Kohlrabi | Kohlrabi | Stem | B. oleracea L. convar. acephala (DC) Alef. var. gongyodes |
10 | Cauliflower | Cauliflower | Floret | B. oleracea L. convar. botrytis |
11 | Cauliflower | Cauliflower | Floret | B. oleracea L. convar. botrytis |
12 | Cauliflower | Cauliflower | Floret | B. oleracea L. convar. botrytis |
2.2. In Silico Analysis
2.3. cDNA Synthesis and Reverse-Transcriptase PCR Analysis
Gene Name | Biosynthesis Pathway | B. rapa | B. oleracea (Bolbase) | Total CDS of Bolbase | B. oleracea (Ensemblplants) | Total CDS of EnsemblPlants | Matching Sequence (%) *** |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Transcription factors | Aliphatic and indolic GSLs | Bra012961 | Bol007795 (Cun) | 558 | Bo2g161590.1 | 1059 | 554(98.0) |
MYB28 | Bra035929 | Bol036286 (C09) | 615 | Bo9g014610.1 | 1083 | 476(93.0) | |
Bra029311 | Bol017019 (C06) | 426 | Bo7g098590.1 ** | 1068 | 426(99.0) | ||
Bol036743 (C05) | 426 | Bo7g098590.1 ** | 1068 | 426(98.0) | |||
MYB29 | Bra009245 | Bol008849 (C03) | 513 | Bo3g004500.1 | 993 | 513(94.0) | |
Bra005949 | |||||||
MYB34 | Bra013000 | Bol017062 (C06) | 951 | Bo7g098110.1 | 948 | 951(97.0) | |
Bra035954 | Bol007760 (Cun) | 843 | Bo2g161180.1 | 843 | 843(97.0) | ||
Bra029349 | Bol036262 (C09) | 294 | Bo9g014380.1 | 882 | 294(100.0) | ||
Bra029350 | |||||||
MYB51 | Bra016553 | Bol013207 (C08) | 1002 | Bo8g067910.1 | 1002 | 1002(100.0) | |
Bra031035 | Bol030761 (C05) | 990 | Bo5g025570.1 | 990 | 990(99.0) | ||
Bra025666 | |||||||
MYB122 | Bra015939 | Bol026204 (C07) | 981 | Bo6g118350.1 | 1113 | 981(100.0) | |
Bra008131 | |||||||
Dof1.1 | Bra030696 | Bol023400 (C08) | 1005 | Bo8g010700.1 | 1350 | 915(99.0) | |
Bra031588 | Bol041144 (C05) | 1011 | Bo5g008360.1 | 1011 | 1011(100.0) | ||
Bol006511 (C08) | 936 | Bo8g112940.1 | 936 | 936(100.0) | |||
IQD1 | Bra034081 | Bol023096 (C01) | 1656 | Bo1g144340.1 | 1368 | 1260(95.0) | |
Bra001299 | Bol033935 (Cun) | 1437 | Bo3g061890.1 | 1437 | 1437(99.0) | ||
TFL2 | Bra023629 | Bol021358 (C02) | 1146 | Bo2g013840.1 | 1152 | 1146(94.0) | |
Bra013958 | Bol000201 (Cun) ** | 1236 | Bo9g159960.1 ** | 1372 | 1236(99.0) | ||
Bra006417 | Bol019784 (C09) ** | 1236 | Bo9g159960.1 ** | 1372 | 1236(99.0) | ||
Bol034455 (C03) | 999 | Bo3g012730.1 | 1248 | 906(95.0) | |||
BCAT-4 | Aliphatic GSLs | Bra022448 | Bol018130 (C05) | 1083 | Bo5g113720.1 | 1083 | 1083(99.0) |
Bra001761 | Bol026690 (C03) | 1083 | Bo3g073430.1 | 825 | 825(100.0) | ||
MAM1/2 | Bra029355 | Bol017071 (C06) | 1236 | Bo7g098000.1 | 1527 | 1243(81.0) | |
Bra013009 | Bol020647 (C03) | 1518 | Bo2g161100.1 ** | 1518 | 1518(99.0) | ||
Bra029356 | Bol020646 (C03) | 804 | Bo2g161100.1 ** | 1518 | 760(82.0) | ||
Bra021947 | Bol037823 (C04) | 1302 | Bo2g102060.1 | 1494 | 880(78.0) | ||
Bra013011 | Bol017070 (C06) | 1527 | Bo7g098000.1 | 1527 | 1527(99.0) | ||
MAM3 | Bra018524 | Bol016496 (C02) | 759 | Bo2g102060.1 | 1494 | 759(100.0) | |
CYP79F1 | Bra026058 | Bol038222 (C05) | 1551 | Bo5g021810.1 | 1623 | 1551(99.0) | |
CYP83A1 | Bra032734 | Bol040365 (C04) | 1506 | Bo4g130780.1 | 1506 | 1505(99.0) | |
Bra016908 | Bol005188 (C04) | 570 | Bo4g191120.1 | 1509 | 570(100.0) | ||
GSTF11 | Bra032010 | Bol000843 (Cun) | 633 | Bo5g150180.1 | 648 | 633(98.0) | |
GSTU20 | Bra003645 | Bol021558 (C07) | 654 | Bo6g081630.1 | 654 | 654(99.0) | |
UGT74C1 | Bra021743 | Bol006450 (Cun) | 1371 | Bo4g177530.1 | 657 | 647(99.0) | |
Bra005641 | Bol014127 (C04) | 1371 | Bo4g049480.1 | 1372 | 1371(98.0) | ||
STb | Bra015938 | Bol026202 (C07) | 1035 | Bo6g118360.1 | 1035 | 1035(100.0) | |
Bra015936 | Bol026201 (C07) | 1035 | Bo6g118370.1 | 1035 | 1035(100.0) | ||
STc | Bra025668 | Bol030757 (C05) | 1014 | Bo5g025610.1 | 1014 | 1014(99.0) | |
FMOGS-OX2 | Bra027035 | Bol010993 (Cun) | 1386 | Bo9g037180.1 | 1386 | 1386(100.0) | |
FMOGS-OX5 | Bra016787 | Bol029100 (C08) | 1347 | Bo8g062610.1 | 1347 | 1347(99.0) | |
Bra026988 | Bol031350 (C08) | 1380 | Bo8g108390.1 | 1380 | 1380(100.0) | ||
AOP2 | Bra034180 | Bol045938 | ? | Bo9g006240.1 | 1032 | ||
Bra018521 | Bol045939 | ? | Bo2g102190.1 | 1104 | 1105 **** | ||
Bra000848 | Bol045940 | ? | Bo3g052110.1 | 948 | 497 **** | ||
GS-OH | Bra022920 | Bol033373 (C04) ** | 243 | Bo4g173530.1 ** | 1077 | 219(99.0) | |
Bra021670 | Bol033374 (C04) ** | 243 | Bo4g173530.1 ** | 1077 | 219(99.0) | ||
CYP79B2 | Indolic GSLs | Bra010644 | Bol032767 (C03) | 1557 | Bo3g152800.1 | 1557 | 1557(100.0) |
Bra011821 | Bol028852 (C01) | 1623 | Bo1g002970.1 | 1623 | 1623(97.0) | ||
Bra017871 | Bol018585 (C06) | 1626 | Bo7g118840.1 | 1626 | 1626(100.0) | ||
CYP79B3 | Bra030246 | Bol031784 (Cun) | 1632 | Bo4g149550.1 | 1632 | 1632(99.0) | |
CYP83B1 | Bra034941 | Bol033477 (C08) | 1473 | Bo8g024390.1 | 1500 | 1473(100.0) | |
GSTF9 | Bra021673 | Bol033376 (C04) | 648 | Bo4g173610.1 | 648 | 648(99.0) | |
Bra022815 | Bol004624 (C03) | 648 | Bo3g024840.1 | 648 | 648(99.0) | ||
GSTF10 | Bra022816 | Bol004625 (C03) | 648 | Bo3g024850.1 | 648 | 648(99.0) | |
STa | Bra008132 | Bol039395 (C02) | 1014 | Bo2g080910.1 | 1014 | 1014(100.0) | |
Bra015935 | Bol026200 (C07) | 1017 | Bo6g118380.1 | 1017 | 1017(100.0) | ||
CYP81F1 | Bra011762 | Bol028913 (C01) | 1500 | Bo1g003680.1 | 1437 | 882(97.0) | |
Bra011761 | Bol028914 (C01) | 1497 | Bo1g003710.1 | 1497 | 1497(98.0) | ||
Bol017375 (C07) | 369 | Bo6g095040.1 ** | 942 | 324(99.0) | |||
Bol017376 (C07) | 246 | Bo6g095040.1 ** | 942 | 232(97.0) | |||
CYP81F2 | Bra002747 | Bol012237 (C09) | 933 | Bo9g131960.1 | 1581 | 933(99.0) | |
Bra020459 | Bol014239 (C02) | 1482 | Bo2g032590.1 | 1482 | 1482(99.0) | ||
Bra006830 | Bol026044 (C03) | 1482 | Bo3g019420.1 | 1482 | 1482(100.0) | ||
CYP81F3 | Bra010597 | Bol032711 (C03) | 1491 | Bo3g153480.1 | 1491 | 1491(99.0) | |
Bra011758 | Bol028919 (C01) | 1500 | Bo1g004740.1 | 1500 | 1500(99.0) | ||
CYP81F4 | Bra010598 | Bol032712 (C03) | 1506 | Bo01007s020.1 ** | 1506 | 1506(99.0) | |
Bra011759 | Bol032714 (C03) | 960 | Bo01007s020.1 ** | 1506 | 807(98.0) | ||
Bol028918 (C01) | 1503 | Bo1g004730.1 | 1506 | 1503(97.0) | |||
IGMT1 | Bra012270 | Bol007029 (C08) | 1119 | Bo8g070650.1 | 1119 | 1119(100.0) | |
Bra012269 | Bol020663 (C05) | 342 | Bo09472s010.1 | 312 | 342(100.0) | ||
IGMT2 | Bra016432 | Bol007030 (C08) | 1125 | Bo8g070660.1 | 1350 | 1120(99.0) | |
GGP1 * | Both aliphatic and indolic GSLs | Bra024068 | Bol033672 (C06) | 753 | Bo7g114570.1 | 753 | 753(99.0) |
Bra011201 | Bol018073 (C01) | 753 | Bo1g012070.1 | 753 | 753(100.0) | ||
Bra010283 | Bol012989 (C03) | 753 | Bo3g175530.1 | 753 | 753(100.0) | ||
SUR1 * | Bra036490 | Bol038767 (C09) | 1209 | Bo7g003330.1 | 1371 | 1209(99.0) | |
Bra036703 | Bol038764 (C09) ** | 459 | Bo28705s010.1 ** | 207 | 207(100.0) | ||
Bol038765 (C09) ** | 459 | Bo28705s010.1 ** | 207 | 207(100.0) | |||
Bol029775 (Cun) | 1008 | Bo7g003330.1 | 1371 | 991(89.0) | |||
UGT74B1 * | Bra024634 | Bol005786 (C05) | 1311 | Bo5g041080.1 | 1401 | 1311(99.0) | |
TGG1 | Breakdown aliphatic and indolic GSLs | Bra039825 | Bol017328 (C07) | 822 | Bo6g095780.1 | 411 | 373(99.0) |
Bra039824 | |||||||
Bra039823 | |||||||
Bra016676 | |||||||
Bra004012 | |||||||
TGG2 | Bra036914 | Bol028319 (C08) | 1179 | Bo8g039420.1 | 1638 | 1163(99.0) | |
Bol025706 (C03) | 663 | Bo2g155820.1 | 714 | 187(98.0) | |||
TGG4 | |||||||
TGG5 | Bol031599 (C07) | 1326 | Bo09266s010.1 | 163 | 163(100.0) | ||
PEN2 | Bra004840 | Bol030092 (C04) | 1299 | Bo4g023800.1 | 3350 | 937(99.0) | |
Bra004839 |
Gene Name | Acc. Number | cDNA Size | Forward | Reverse | Product Size (bp) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Aliphatic GSL Pathway | |||||
BCAT-4 | Bol018130 | 1083 | TACGCGAATGTGAAGTGGGA | CCCCTTCTTATCCTCGACCC | 987 |
Bol026690 | 1083 | TACGCGAATGTGAAGTGGGA | CACCGTCCACCCCTTCTTAT | 996 | |
MAM1/2 | Bol017071 | 1236 | TGTTGCCCAGTGTGGAAAGG | TGAATGATACAGTTGGCTCCA | 970 |
Bol020647 | 1518 | GTGACGGCGAACAATCTCC | AGCTTTCCAAGAACAATGCCT | 1000 | |
Bol020646 | 804 | AATGATCCCTACCACCGGTTCAAACA | CTTGCGGCATGTTGATCTCC | 650 | |
Bol037823 | 1302 | CAAGCTTCCCGACACGAATT | CGTCCGCTAAGCTTTCCAAG | 975 | |
Bol017070 | 1527 | GCTCTTACTCCACCGCAGAA | CAACCCCAACATCTTCTGGC | 937 | |
MAM3 | Bol016496 | 759 | CTACCGCCAACACAATCTC | CGTCCGTAATCCTCTTTTTCT | 504 |
CYP79F1 | Bol038222 | 1551 | GAACCATCGGAGGCAATCAC | AGGTGACGCTCTGGTTTGTA | 970 |
CYP83A1 | Bol040365 | 1506 | ATGTCAACTTCACGAACCGG | GTTAGGGCCCCACTCTTTCT | 953 |
Bol005188 | 570 | GGGGTTAACGTTCGTCACTG | GAGCCCAGTCATGACATCCA | 442 | |
GSTF11 | Bol000843 | 633 | TTGGGCAGATAAAAGCAGGT | GCAGCCATTTCCATAAGTTGC | 610 |
GSTU20 | Bol021558 | 654 | CTGGCCAAGCATGTTCTGTA | TTCCTAAACTCAGCGGCGTA | 612 |
UGT74C1 | Bol006450 | 1371 | CACACGAACACCCTCAAACC | AGCCTTCACTCTAACCCCAA | 989 |
Bol014127 | 1371 | CCCTCACGCCAAGATCAAAG | CGGTCTTCACTCTAACCCCA | 980 | |
ST5b | Bol026202 | 1035 | CGTACCGAACCAAGACAAGA | ACCATGTTCAAGCAAACCTGT | 1000 |
Bol026201 | 1035 | GGACCAAACCAGGACGAGA | ACCATGTTCAAGCAAACCTGT | 999 | |
ST5c | Bol030757 | 1014 | TCCAAATCCGAAAACGACGT | GCAAGAAAGCCAGTTCCTCT | 995 |
FMOGS-OX2 | Bol010993 | 1386 | AGTCTCTCCGAACCAACCTC | AACCACATTCTTCTGCGACC | 978 |
FMOGS-OX5 | Bol029100 | 1347 | CATAGTCCACTCCAGCGTCT | ACTTGCTCGGCTATCCAGTT | 993 |
Bol031350 | 1380 | AACCGTAGTCCACTCTAGCG | CTGACCGACGACACCAAGA | 970 | |
GSL-OH | Bol033373 | 243 | GATTGTGCAAAAGGCTTGT | AGAGCATTAGGATTAGGAGGA | 188 |
Bol033374 | same as Bol033374 CDS | ||||
AOP2 | Bo9g006240.1 | CCAGGAAGTGAGAAGTGGGT | TAGCACCATCACCAGCATCA | 517 | |
Bo2g102190.1 | GGAACGTGTCTCCAAAACCC | TAGCACCATCACCAGCATCA | 354 | ||
Bo3g052110.1 | CCAGGAAGTGAGAAGTGGGT | ACCAACATCCGCACCAGTAT | 552 | ||
Indolic GSL pathway | |||||
CYP79B2 | Bol032767 | 1557 | GTCAAGTCCTCCTTAGCCGT | CTTGAAGAAGTCTCGCGAGC | 219 |
Bol028852 | 1623 | ATCACCGTCACATGCCCTAA | CCAGCCCATATCGACTGAGA | 991 | |
Bol018585 | 1626 | CACTCTTACCTCAAACTCTTC | TTTCTTCCGCTCTCTTCT | 530 | |
Indolic GSL pathway | |||||
CYP79B3 | Bol031784 | 1632 | CGTCATTCCAGTCACATGTCC | ACGACCAAGTCCGTAACG | 1000 |
CYP83B1 | Bol033477 | 1473 | GGACCTCAATTTCACCGCTC | TCCACTCCTTTCTGCTCGTT | 999 |
GSTF9 | Bol033376 | 648 | TGTACGGACCTCACTTTGCT | TCAAGAGTCTCCTTCCAAGCA | 613 |
Bol004624 | 648 | TGTACGGACCTCACTTTGCT | AAGAGTCTCCTTCCACGCAG | 611 | |
GSTF10 | Bol004625 | 648 | TTGGTGAAGTGCTTGACGTG | CCGGCAATGCGTATTTCTCA | 228 |
ST5a | Bol039395 | 1014 | CGGTCTTCACTCTAACCCCA | TCATGTTCAAGCAAGCCAGT | 983 |
Bol026200 | 1017 | GATCCCAACTCGAGCTCTCA | TCATGTTGAAGCAAGCCAGT | 985 | |
CYP81F1 | Bol028913 | 1500 | GAGACCTCCGCAGTAACCTT | GTCCTCCGTCGGTCTTCTAG | 222 |
Bol028914 | 1497 | ACTTGATCCTCATCCCTCTCC | CATCGGAGTGAGTTGTGTCAC | 483 | |
Bol017375 | 369 | AAGCAGAGCGGTTCAAGAAG | GCGTGACCATTGTGTTACCA | 204 | |
Bol017376 | 246 | CCGTCTCCTTCAACGGTTCT | CGACGTATTTACCGGTGAGC | 170 | |
CYP81F2 | Bol012237 | 933 | CTACGGAGACCAGGTTCACA | GTCATAATGGGACGCTGATGG | 897 |
Bol014239 | 1482 | CGTGATCTCTTCTTTGCCCC | TCATCCCATAGCTTCGGGTC | 978 | |
Bol026044 | 1482 | CCAACTCCCTTTCCCATC | TTGCTTTCCCCATCTCTTC | 689 | |
CYP81F3 | Bol032711 | 1491 | TCTCACCCAAAAACCAAC | CTCCCTCCCAATACTTTC | 637 |
Bol028919 | 1500 | CCTTACTCTCTCCCCATC | CTCCATAATATCTCTTCCCC | 478 | |
CYP81F4 | Bol032712 | 1506 | CGTAGTTGTATCGAACCGCC | TTTCTCCTTCTCCTCCACCG | 980 |
Bol032714 | 960 | GTTTCAACCTCCCTCCCTCT | CTCTGGGTCTTGTTGTTGCA | 818 | |
Bol028918 | 1503 | CACTCTCTCCCCATTATT | ACCATCTTTATTTCCCCTAC | 687 | |
IGMT1 | Bol007029 | 1119 | GTGTTCCTCTCACCTTCCGA | GTGTTGAGGAAGACGCTGTC | 260 |
Bol020663 | 342 | AGATGCCATGATCTTGAAACGT | CCAGCAATGATAAGCCTGACA | 298 | |
IGMT2 | Bol007030 | 1125 | TAGGTTTGATGGCCGTGAGA | CGAATTTGCAATGGGTGAAGC | 999 |
Both aliphatic and indolic GSL pathway | |||||
GGP1 | Bol033672 | 753 | TGTTTCTAGCAACTCCTGATTCA | AGTTCTTGCAAATCGTCTCCA | 699 |
Bol018073 | 753 | TGTTTCTTGCAACTCCTGATTCA | AAATTCTTGCAAATCGTCTCCAA | 700 | |
Bol012989 | 753 | TGTTTCTAGCGACTCTTGATTCA | AAATTCTTGCAAATCGTCTCCAA | 700 | |
SUR1 | Bol038767 | 1209 | TCCGCACCTGTATCGAGG | CTCATCCAGTTCTTCACCCC | 1000 |
Bol038764 | 459 | CTTCCGTCTATCCTTGCTT | CTGTATCTGTCTTCTTGGT | 360 | |
Bol038765 | same as Bol038764 CDS | ||||
Both aliphatic and indolic GSL pathway | |||||
UGT74B1 | Bol029775 | 1008 | TGGTTCCCGCGTTTAAAACT | AGTGGAAGGGTCAGGAGTTA | 923 |
Bol005786 | 1311 | AATCCTTCAAGCTCAACGGC | TCAAACACCTCACCACCTCA | 993 | |
Breakdown of aliphatic and indolic GSLs | |||||
TGG1 | Bol017328 | 822 | TCTTAACGTGTGGGATGGCT | CCTCCTTTGTTCACTCCCCT | 210 |
TGG2 | Bol028319 | 1179 | AGATGTGCTGGACGAACTCA | CGGCGTAACAGGTAGGATCA | 401 |
Bol025706 | 663 | CGTTTGGGATGGCTTCAGTC | TTCCTCGGTGAAGTTGGGAA | 421 | |
TGG5 | Bol031599 | 1326 | TGCAGCACATAGAGCACTT | CGGTTCCAGAATCTCCTCC | 402 |
PEN2 | Bol030092 | 1299 | GCATCATCATCCAACAGCGT | ACGCCTTGATCAGTTCTCCA | 207 |
Transcription factors for aliphatic and indolic GSL pathways | |||||
MYB28 | Bol007795 | 558 | GAGAGGTTCCTTGAGTTGCAAC | GAGAAATCGTAACCCTGATCCA | 238 |
Bol036286 | 615 | GAAGGTAGCTTGAATGCTAATAC | TATGAGATGCTTTCCGAGGG | 414 | |
Bol017019 | 426 | GTTGCGGCTAAGGTCACTTCT | CAGAAGTAGCGTTGATCTCATGC | 223 | |
Bol036743 | 426 | GGTTTCTTGGGCGCTGCTAC | CCTCGATCATCAACGCTTGTT | 328 | |
MYB29 | Bol008849 | 513 | CGCCCAAGACTTCTGAGTT | TGATATTGCCCATGGAAGCTG | 234 |
MYB34 | Bol017062 | 951 | TGAGAACACCATGCTGCAAA | ACGAGCTTACAAACTTCTCCA | 918 |
Bol007760 | 843 | ACCATGTTGCAAAGAAGAAGGA | CCAAACCATCTTCTTCGTTCCA | 812 | |
Bol036262 | 294 | GGTTTCTCCGACAACTGTTCT | ACGAACTCACAAACTTCTCCA | 250 | |
MYB51 | Bol013207 | 1002 | GCTTGTCTCCTACGTCAACC | GTCCTCCTCAAGAAACCTCGA | 850 |
Bol030761 | 990 | GGACTCCCGAGGAAGATCAG | CCTCGACGTCATTGTTCACA | 537 | |
MYB122 | Bol026204 | 981 | CCTTAGGGCCATCATCAGCT | ACCAGTTGTCAATCCCTTCAA | 510 |
Dof1.1 | Bol023400 | 1005 | GACGAAACATAGCAGCTCCG | ACCGGGTTGTTCTTCCATCT | 227 |
Bol041144 | 1011 | TTGGTCACAGCCTACGAACT | TCGTTAGAAGAAGGACCCGA | 975 | |
Bol006511 | 936 | CCAATTGGTCACAGCCTACG | AGAAGGACCCGAGAAATCCG | 896 | |
IQD1 | Bol023096 | 1656 | GGGGTAATTGGAACGACAGC | CTTTCCAACCAGCTCCAACC | 202 |
Bol033935 | 1437 | CCACAAAACCAGCCGATGAA | AGGATCGTCTTGGTTTGGGT | 273 | |
TFL2 | Bol021358 | 1146 | ACGATGCTGCTGAGAAGTCT | CCTGGTCCCCTTAACTCGTT | 199 |
Bol000201 | 1236 | CTCTGCGGTTCAGGAGATGGG | CTCCAACACACCAGGATACTC | 381 | |
Bol019784 | same as Bol000201 CDS | ||||
Bol034455 | 999 | CTATCCGTCATAAGCGAGTTC | CGATGTCCAAGTTTGGTGTC | 531 |
2.4. Extraction of Desulfo-Glucosinolates and HPLC Analysis
2.5. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Genes Related to Glucosinolate Biosynthesis and Breakdown
3.2. Glucosinolate-Related Gene Expression in B. oleracea Subspecies
3.3. Glucosinolate Analysis in B. oleracea Subspecies
Common Name (Edible Organ) | Aliphatic | Indolic | Aromatic | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GER | GRA | GNA | PRO | GIV | GIB | SIN | GAL | GBN | GNL | GRE | GBS | 4HGBS | MGBS | NGBS | GST | |
Cabbage (Leaf) | 0.090 | 1.024 | 0.000b | 0.126 | 0.004b | 1.176 | 0.065 | 0.000 | 0.020ab | 0.000 | 0.851 | 1.906 | 0.000 | 0.078b | 0.105 | 0.141ab |
Kale (Leaf) | 0.000 | 0.204 | 0.000b | 0.148 | 0.000b | 0.427 | 0.201 | 0.000 | 0.013ab | 0.000 | 0.074 | 1.146 | 0.000 | 0.126b | 0.637 | 0.119ab |
Kohlrabi (Stem) | 0.000 | 0.303 | 0.000b | 0.333 | 2.115a | 1.247 | 0.601 | 0.000 | 0.071a | 0.000 | 0.079 | 0.434 | 0.000 | 0.046b | 0.120 | 0.006b |
Cauliflower (Floret) | 0.000 | 0.060 | 0.053a | 0.080 | 0.000b | 0.406 | 0.073 | 0.115 | 0.006b | 0.117 | 0.524 | 0.252 | 0.044 | 1.093a | 0.621 | 1.185a |
SE | 0.255 | 0.009 | 0.040 | 0.323 | 0.318 | 0.133 | 0.029 | 0.010 | 0.029 | 0.211 | 0.493 | 0.008 | 0.165 | 0.171 | 0.187 | 0.187 |
p (subspecies) | 0.44 | 0.61 | 0.052 | 0.10 | 0.011 | 0.73 | 0.50 | 0.44 | 0.06 | 0.44 | 0.55 | 0.69 | 0.07 | 0.033 | 0.57 | 0.056 |
3.4. Discussion
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Information
Acknowledgments
Author Contributions
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Yi, G.-E.; Robin, A.H.K.; Yang, K.; Park, J.-I.; Kang, J.-G.; Yang, T.-J.; Nou, I.-S. Identification and Expression Analysis of Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Genes and Estimation of Glucosinolate Contents in Edible Organs of Brassica oleracea Subspecies. Molecules 2015, 20, 13089-13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200713089
Yi G-E, Robin AHK, Yang K, Park J-I, Kang J-G, Yang T-J, Nou I-S. Identification and Expression Analysis of Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Genes and Estimation of Glucosinolate Contents in Edible Organs of Brassica oleracea Subspecies. Molecules. 2015; 20(7):13089-13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200713089
Chicago/Turabian StyleYi, Go-Eun, Arif Hasan Khan Robin, Kiwoung Yang, Jong-In Park, Jong-Goo Kang, Tae-Jin Yang, and Ill-Sup Nou. 2015. "Identification and Expression Analysis of Glucosinolate Biosynthetic Genes and Estimation of Glucosinolate Contents in Edible Organs of Brassica oleracea Subspecies" Molecules 20, no. 7: 13089-13111. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules200713089