Evaluating Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities of Yellow Monascus Pigments from Monascus ruber Fermentation
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Antioxidant Activities of Water-Soluble NYMPs
2.2. Cytotoxicity of Water-Soluble NYMPs on MCF-7 Cells
2.3. Regulating Effect of Water-Soluble NYMPs on the Expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and VEGF
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Microorganisms and Chemicals
3.2. Monascus Pigment Fermentation
3.3. Isolation of Water-Soluble NYMPs
3.4. Antioxidant Activity Determination
3.5. MCF-7 Cell Line and Culture
3.6. Measurement of Cytotoxicity and Inhibition Activity in Cell Proliferation
3.7. Transwell Assay
3.8. Wound-Healing Assay
3.9. Invasion Assay
3.10. Western Blotting
3.11. Statistical Analysis
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of natural yellow Monascus pigments and reduced yellow Monascus pigments are not available from the authors. |
Samples (mg/mL) | 0.025 | 0.075 | 0.100 | 0.500 | 1.000 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
RYMPs b | d 3.59 ± 0.14 | 6.57 ± 0.75 | 8.91 ± 0.19 | 20.75 ± 0.13 | 32.84 ± 1.02 |
NYMPs a | 9.54 ± 0.23 | 21.23 ± 1.37 | 26.74 ± 0.36 | 69.03 ± 0.92 | 86.33 ± 1.50 |
BHT c | 14.25 ± 1.45 | 37.48 ± 2.63 | 47.07 ± 2.40 | 94.42 ± 0.17 | 95.14 ± 0.58 |
Samples (mg/mL) | 0.025 | 0.050 | 0.075 | 0.100 | 0.250 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
RYMPs b | d 13.95 ± 0.94 | 25.33 ± 0.32 | 38.00 ± 0.86 | 45.77 ± 0.33 | 84.92 ± 1.77 |
NYMPs a | 38.00 ± 1.71 | 60.67 ± 1.00 | 81.92 ± 0.33 | 87.03 ± 0.11 | 99.95 ± 0.09 |
BHT c | 94.42 ± 2.48 | 99.70 ± 0.38 | 99.45 ± 0.31 | 99.76 ± 0.28 | 98.61 ± 0.10 |
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Tan, H.; Xing, Z.; Chen, G.; Tian, X.; Wu, Z. Evaluating Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities of Yellow Monascus Pigments from Monascus ruber Fermentation. Molecules 2018, 23, 3242. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123242
Tan H, Xing Z, Chen G, Tian X, Wu Z. Evaluating Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities of Yellow Monascus Pigments from Monascus ruber Fermentation. Molecules. 2018; 23(12):3242. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123242
Chicago/Turabian StyleTan, Hailing, Ziyi Xing, Gong Chen, Xiaofei Tian, and Zhenqiang Wu. 2018. "Evaluating Antitumor and Antioxidant Activities of Yellow Monascus Pigments from Monascus ruber Fermentation" Molecules 23, no. 12: 3242. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules23123242