Carbon and Tin-Based Polyacrylonitrile Hybrid Architecture Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for the Detection and Quantification of Antibiotic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Systems
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results and Discussion
2.1. Characterization of GCT Hybrid Architectures
2.2. Cost Analysis of SPME Fiber Preparation
2.3. Optimization of the GCT-PAN Hybrid Architecture Fiber Coating in Water for Antibiotics (ABs) Extraction
2.3.1. Extraction Time
2.3.2. Agitation Speed
2.3.3. Salt Concentration
2.3.4. Desorption Time and Solvent System
2.4. Comparison with Commercial Fibers
2.5. Evaluation of Method Performance
2.6. Application in Real Samples
3. Materials and Methods
3.1. Chemicals and Materials
3.2. Synthesis of GCT Hybrid Architectures
3.3. SPME Fiber Preparation Methods
3.4. Instrumentation
3.5. Instrumental Analysis
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds GCT are available from the authors. |
Antibiotics | Linear Range (ng L−1) | R2 | LOD (ng L−1) S/N = 3 | LOQ (ng L−1) S/N = 10 | Intra-Fiber RSD% | Inter-Fiber (n = 6) RSD% |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ENF | 20–50000 | 0.999 | 6.6 | 12.2 | 5.1 | 6.1 |
STZ | 20–50000 | 0.997 | 7.69 | 15.6 | 6.8 | 8.8 |
ETM | 10–50000 | 0.996 | 1.36 | 4.54 | 2.8 | 4.6 |
TMP | 10–50000 | 0.998 | 0.9 | 3.02 | 1.8 | 4.5 |
River Water | ||||
Antibiotics | Detected Conc. (ng/L) | Spiked Conc. (ng L−1) | Recovery | RSD% |
ENF | 46 | 100 200 | 92.14 89.38 | 9.8 8.2 |
STZ | 19.3 | 100 200 | 89.3 82.1 | 7.3 4.6 |
ERM | 47.2 | 100 200 | 113.3 104.5 | 5.8 4.3 |
TMP | 12.93 | 100 200 | 89.4 89.6 | 4.6 4.8 |
Pond Water | ||||
Detected Conc. (ng/L) | Spiked Conc. (ng L−1) | Recovery | RSD% | |
ENF | 9.2 | 100 200 | 85.57 87.3 | 7.9 6.9 |
STZ | 13.42 | 100 200 | 82.7 81.5 | 4.9 6.3 |
ERM | 33.2 | 100 200 | 94.45 91.68 | 7.9 7.2 |
TMP | 7.29 | 100 200 | 90.7 90.4 | 4.1 5.2 |
Tap Water | ||||
Detected Conc. (ng/L) | Spiked Conc. (ng L−1) | Recovery | RSD% | |
ENF | Not detected | 100 200 | 84.86 82.95 | 9.7 10.2 |
STZ | Not detected | 100 200 | 84.40 80.34 | 8.6 8.3 |
ERM | 29.5 | 100 200 | 95.16 89.39 | 4.2 4.6 |
TMP | 6.26 | 100 200 | 91.46 90.24 | 3.6 4.3 |
Antibiotics | Molecular Weight | Q1 Mass (Da) | Q3 Mass (Da) | DP (V) | EP (V) | CE (V) | CXP (V) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Enrofloxacin | 359.39 | 360.1 | 244.8 | 116 | 11 | 33 | 17 |
Sulfathiazole | 255.32 | 255.9 | 107.8 | 64 | 12 | 36 | 14 |
Erythromycin | 733.93 | 734.6 | 576.3 | 164 | 12 | 29 | 30 |
Trimethoprim | 290.32 | 291 | 230 | 70 | 7 | 34 | 9 |
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Mondal, S.; Jiang, J.; Li, Y.; Ouyang, G. Carbon and Tin-Based Polyacrylonitrile Hybrid Architecture Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for the Detection and Quantification of Antibiotic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Systems. Molecules 2019, 24, 1670. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091670
Mondal S, Jiang J, Li Y, Ouyang G. Carbon and Tin-Based Polyacrylonitrile Hybrid Architecture Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for the Detection and Quantification of Antibiotic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Systems. Molecules. 2019; 24(9):1670. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091670
Chicago/Turabian StyleMondal, Sandip, Jialing Jiang, Yin Li, and Gangfeng Ouyang. 2019. "Carbon and Tin-Based Polyacrylonitrile Hybrid Architecture Solid Phase Microextraction Fiber for the Detection and Quantification of Antibiotic Compounds in Aqueous Environmental Systems" Molecules 24, no. 9: 1670. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091670