Proteinaceous Residue Removal from Oat β-Glucan Extracts Obtained by Alkaline Water Extraction
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Proteinaceous Residuals Removal Characteristic Description
2.2. Starch and Glucose Content
2.3. Protein Content
2.4. Beta-glucan Content and Molar Mass
2.5. Possible Interactions between Compounds During Purification Process
3. Discussion
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Oat Beta-Glucan Isolation
4.2. Enzymatic Treatment for Residuals Removal
4.2.1. Pancreatin Digestion
4.2.2. Termamyl Digestion
4.2.3. pH 4.5 Precipitation
4.2.4. San Extra L Hydrolysis
4.2.5. pH 3.5 Precipitation
4.2.6. Papain Digestion
4.2.7. pH 3.0 Precipitation
4.3. Analytical Methods
4.3.1. Beta-glucan Determination
4.3.2. Starch Content Determination
4.3.3. Glucose Determination
4.3.4. Protein Content
4.3.5. Molar Mass Determination
4.4. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample Availability: Samples of the compounds are not available from the authors. |
Sample | Starch (%/db) | Glucose (%/db) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | HM | LM | HM | LM |
C | 15.55 ± 0.21 D, b | 9.26 ± 0.35 D, a | 3.70 ± 0.12 D, b | 1.60 ± 0.14 C, a |
PC | 9.19 ± 0.89 C, b | 5.69 ± 0.33 C, a | 3.45 ± 0.03 D, b | 1.05 ± 0.06 B, a |
T | 1.65 ± 0.07 B, b | 0.65 ± 0.06 B, a | 1.25 ± 0.01 A, b | 0.35 ± 0.07 A, a |
A | 0.45 ± 0.04 A, b | 0.25 ± 0.03 A, a | 1.20 ± 0.14 A, b | 0.30 ± 0.14 A, a |
S | nd | nd | 2.50 ± 0.14 BC, b | 1.50 ± 0.28 C, a |
AA | nd | nd | 2.75 ± 0.02 C, b | 1.15 ± 0.09 B, a |
P | nd | nd | 2.55 ± 0.04 BC, b | 0.95 ± 0.03 B, a |
AAA | nd | nd | 2.40 ± 0.28 B, b | 0.50 ± 0.14 A, a |
Second order interactions p values | ||||
Sample | *** | *** | ||
Treatment | *** | *** | ||
Sample x treatment | *** | *** | ||
C | 15.55 ± 0.21 D | 9.26 ± 0.35 D | 3.70 ± 0.14 C | 1.60 ± 0.14 C |
PC | 9.19 ± 0.89 C | 5.69 ± 0.33 C | 3.45 ± 0.07 C | 1.05 ± 0.07 B |
T | 1.65 ± 0.07 B | 0.65 ± 0.07 B | 1.25 ± 0.07 A | 0.35 ± 0.07 A |
A | 0.45 ± 0.07 A | 0.25 ± 0.07 AB | 1.20 ± 0.14 A | 0.30 ± 0.14 A |
S | nd | nd | 2.50 ± 0.14 B | 1.50 ± 0.28 C |
Second order interactions p values | ||||
Sample | *** | *** | ||
Treatment | *** | *** | ||
Sample x Treatment | *** | *** |
Sample | Soluble Proteins (%/db) | Nitrogen x 5,83 (%/db) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | HM | LM | HM | LM |
C | 5.85 ± 0.07 E, b | 3.30 ± 0.14 D, a | 6.16 ± 0.13 G, b | 3.94 ± 0.04 F, a |
PC | 2.25 ± 0.21 D, b | 1.00 ± 0.14 C, a | 3.94 ± 0.04 F, b | 3.21 ± 0.08 E, a |
T | 1.70 ± 0.14 C, b | 0.45 ± 0.07 B, a | 2.71 ± 0.04 E, b | 1.93 ± 0.08 D, a |
A | 0.70 ± 0.14 B, b | 0.09 ± 0.01 A, a | 1.17 ± 0.08 D, a | 1.14 ± 0.12 C, a |
S | 0.04 ± 0.01 A, a | 0.02 ± 0.01 A, a | 0.61 ± 0.04 C, b | 0.47 ± 0.08 B, a |
AA | 0.01 ± 0.00 A | nd | 0.41 ± 0.00 B, b | 0.02 ± 0.01 A, a |
P | 0.01 ± 0.00 A, a | 0.01 ± 0.00 A, a | 0.03 ± 0.01 A, b | 0.01 ± 0.00 A, a |
AAA | 0.01 ± 0.00 A | nd | 0.01 ± 0.00 A | nd |
Second order interactions p value | ||||
Sample | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Treatment | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Sample x treatment | *** | *** | *** | *** |
C | 5.85 ± 0.07 E | 3.30 ± 0.14 D | 5.16 ± 0.13 E | 3.94 ± 0.04 E |
PC | 2.25 ± 0.21 D | 1.00 ± 0.14 C | 3.94 ± 0.04 D | 3.21 ± 0.08 D |
T | 1.70 ± 0.14 C | 0.45 ± 0.07 B | 2.71 ± 0.04 C | 1.93 ± 0.08 C |
A | 0.70 ± 0.14 B | 0.09 ± 0.01 A | 1.17 ± 0.08 B | 1.14 ± 0.12 B |
S | 0.04 ± 0.01 A | 0.02 ± 0.00 A | 0.61 ± 0.04 A | 0.47 ± 0.08 A |
Second order interactions p value | ||||
Sample | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Treatment | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Sample x treatment | *** | *** | *** | *** |
Sample | β-Glucan (%/db) | Molar Mass (g/mol) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Treatment | HM | LM | HM | LM |
C | 76.75 ± 0.21 A, a | 87.10 ± 0.28 A, b | 2054520 ± 77342.6 E | 72260.0 ± 3258.4 E |
PC | 79.75 ± 0.92 B, a | 91.35 ± 0.64 B, b | 2042120 ± 73876.4 E | 67166.0 ± 410.1 D |
T | 91.20 ± 1.27 C, a | 95.30 ± 1.41 C, b | 1776840 ± 31325.5 D | 65877.5 ± 190.2 CD |
A | 95.40 ± 0.28 D, a | 98.15 ± 1.06 D, b | 1759600 ± 7030.8 D | 61731.5 ± 2395.0 C |
S | 97.50 ± 0.42 E, a | 99.25 ± 0.35 D, b | 1705400 ± 142.8 D | 61486.0 ± 2118.5 C |
AA | 98.20 ± 0.14 E, a | 99.25 ± 0.35 D, b | 987284 ± 1003.4 C | 21100.5 ± 1101.0 B |
P | 98.05 ± 0.21 E, a | 99.40 ± 0.14 D, b | 752639 ± 5236.8 B | 14888.0 ± 2531.4 A |
AAA | 97.95 ± 0.07 E, a | 99.00 ± 0.14 D, b | 333128 ± 17920.9 A | 11924.0 ± 1303.9 A |
Second order interactions p value | ||||
Sample | *** | *** | ||
Treatment | *** | *** | ||
Sample x Treatment | *** | *** | ||
C | 76.75 ± 0.21 A | 87.10 ± 0.28 A | 2054520 ± 77342.6 B | 72260.0 ± 3258.4 C |
PC | 79.75 ± 0.92 B | 90.35 ± 0.64 B | 2042120 ± 73876.4 B | 67166.0 ± 410.1B C |
T | 91.20 ± 1.27 C | 95.30 ± 1.41 C | 1776840 ± 31325.5 A | 65877.5 ± 190.2A B |
A | 95.40 ± 0.28 D | 98.15 ± 1.06 D | 1759600 ± 7030.8 A | 61731.5 ± 2395.0 A |
S | 97.50 ± 0.42 E | 99.25 ± 0.35 D | 1705400 ± 142.8 A | 61486.0 ± 2118.5 A |
Second order interactions p value | ||||
Sample | *** | *** | ||
Treatment | *** | *** | ||
Sample x Treatment | *** | *** |
Starch | Glucose | Proteins | Amine N | β-Glucan | Molar Mass | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Starch | HM | - | 0.96 *** | 0.93 *** | −0.97 *** | - | |
LM | - | 0.95 *** | 0.92 ** | −0.97 *** | - | ||
Glucose | HM | - | - | - | - | - | |
LM | - | - | - | - | - | ||
Proteins | HM | 0.99 ** | - | 0.94 *** | −0.92 ** | - | |
LM | - | - | 0.86 ** | −0.92 ** | - | ||
Amine N | HM | - | - | 0.95 * | −0.98 *** | 0.79 * | |
LM | - | - | - | −0.98 *** | 0.79 * | ||
β-glucan | HM | −0.97 * | - | 0.98 * | −0.98 * | −0.71 * | |
LM | - | - | - | −0.96 * | - | ||
Molar Mass | HM | - | - | - | - | - | |
LM | - | - | - | 0.98 * | - |
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Harasym, J.; Żyła, E.; Dziendzikowska, K.; Gromadzka-Ostrowska, J. Proteinaceous Residue Removal from Oat β-Glucan Extracts Obtained by Alkaline Water Extraction. Molecules 2019, 24, 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091729
Harasym J, Żyła E, Dziendzikowska K, Gromadzka-Ostrowska J. Proteinaceous Residue Removal from Oat β-Glucan Extracts Obtained by Alkaline Water Extraction. Molecules. 2019; 24(9):1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091729
Chicago/Turabian StyleHarasym, Joanna, Ewa Żyła, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, and Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska. 2019. "Proteinaceous Residue Removal from Oat β-Glucan Extracts Obtained by Alkaline Water Extraction" Molecules 24, no. 9: 1729. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24091729