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Review

Gold Nanoparticles for Vectorization of Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapeutics

by
Daniela Ferreira
,
David Fontinha
,
Catarina Martins
,
David Pires
,
Alexandra R. Fernandes
* and
Pedro V. Baptista
*
UCIBIO, Dept. of Life Sciences, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Campus de Caparica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2020, 25(15), 3489; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153489
Submission received: 22 June 2020 / Revised: 25 July 2020 / Accepted: 28 July 2020 / Published: 31 July 2020
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nanoparticles and Their Biological and Biomedical Applications)
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Abstract

Cancer remains a complex medical challenge and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Nanomedicines have been proposed as innovative platforms to tackle these complex diseases, where the combination of several treatment strategies might enhance therapy success. Among these nanomedicines, nanoparticle mediated delivery of nucleic acids has been put forward as key instrument to modulate gene expression, be it targeted gene silencing, interference RNA mechanisms and/or gene edition. These novel delivery systems have strongly relied on nanoparticles and, in particular, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have paved the way for efficient delivery systems due to the possibility to fine-tune their size, shape and surface properties, coupled to the ease of functionalization with different biomolecules. Herein, we shall address the different molecular tools for modulation of expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and discuss the state-of-the-art of AuNP functionalization for nucleic acid delivery both in vitro and in vivo models. Furthermore, we shall highlight the clinical applications of these spherical AuNP based conjugates for gene delivery, current challenges, and future perspectives in nanomedicine.
Keywords: gene editing; gene silencing; gold nanoparticles; nanomedicine; therapeutic nucleic acid gene editing; gene silencing; gold nanoparticles; nanomedicine; therapeutic nucleic acid

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MDPI and ACS Style

Ferreira, D.; Fontinha, D.; Martins, C.; Pires, D.; Fernandes, A.R.; Baptista, P.V. Gold Nanoparticles for Vectorization of Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules 2020, 25, 3489. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153489

AMA Style

Ferreira D, Fontinha D, Martins C, Pires D, Fernandes AR, Baptista PV. Gold Nanoparticles for Vectorization of Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules. 2020; 25(15):3489. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153489

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ferreira, Daniela, David Fontinha, Catarina Martins, David Pires, Alexandra R. Fernandes, and Pedro V. Baptista. 2020. "Gold Nanoparticles for Vectorization of Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapeutics" Molecules 25, no. 15: 3489. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153489

APA Style

Ferreira, D., Fontinha, D., Martins, C., Pires, D., Fernandes, A. R., & Baptista, P. V. (2020). Gold Nanoparticles for Vectorization of Nucleic Acids for Cancer Therapeutics. Molecules, 25(15), 3489. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153489

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