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Article

Synthesis of Some New Folic Acid-Based Heterocycles of Anticipated Biological Activity

by
Ola A. Abu Ali
*,
Hosam A. Saad
and
Bodor M. A. Al Malki
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(2), 368; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020368
Submission received: 17 December 2020 / Revised: 8 January 2021 / Accepted: 10 January 2021 / Published: 12 January 2021
(This article belongs to the Section Chemical Biology)
Browse Figures
Versions Notes

Abstract

:
To date, no fused heterocycles have been formed on folic acid molecules; for this reason, and others, our target is to synthesize new derivatives of folic acid as isolated or fused systems. Folic acid 1 reacted with ethyl pyruvate, triethyl orthoformate, ethyl chloroformate, thioformic acid hydrazide, and aldehydes to give new derivatives of folic acid 2–6a,b. Moreover, It reacted with benzylidene malononitrile, acetylacetone, ninhydrin, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl cyanoacetate, and ethyl chloroacetate to give the pteridine fused systems 10–15, respectively. Ethoxycarbonylamino derivate 5 reacted with some nucleophiles containing the NH2 group, such as aminoguanidinium hydrocarbonate, hydrazine hydrate, glycine, thioformic acid hydrazide, and sulfa drugs in different conditions to give the urea derivatives 16–20a,b. Compound 4 reacted with the same nucleophiles to give the methylidene amino derivatives 21–24a,b. The fused compound 10 reacted with thioglycolic acid carbon disulfide, malononitrile, and formamide to give the four cyclic fused systems 25–30, respectively. The biological activity of some synthesized showed moderate effect against bacteria, but no effect shown towards fungi.

1. Introduction

Folic acid 1 is essential to the human metabolic process. It is a key factor in the synthesis of nucleic acid. Folic acid (vitamin B9) helps with growth [1] and healthy red blood cells (RBCs) [2]. It is important for cell division. It is essential for growth of the fetus [3]. Folic acid deficiency can lead to human megaloblastic anemia and neural tube defects in fetuses [4], as well as heart diseases, and cancer [5]. To avoid all of these risks, folic acid intake from fortified food has been increasing rapidly [6].
Several novel 2,4-diamino-5-deaza-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[3,4-g]pteridine derivatives with different substitution at the N7 position were designed and synthesized, as classical and non-classical, partially restricted, linear tricyclic 5-deaza antifolates. The purpose was to investigate the effect of conformational restriction of the C6−C9 (τ1) and C9−N10 (τ2) bonds via an ethyl bridge from the N10 to the C7 position of 5-deaza methotrexate (MTX) on the inhibitory potency against dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from different sources and on antitumor activity [7]. Moreover, some efforts were carried out to synthesize the 7-substituted folic acid derivatives the less toxic, more effective, and selective agents for cancer chemotherapy based upon inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase and thymidylate synthetase [8]. The 10-Alkyl-5,10-dideaza analogs of methotrexate and tetrahydrofolic acid were synthesized and used as potent inhibitors of glycineamide ribonucleotide (GAR) formyltransferase [9]. Moreover, numerous fused cyclopenta[d]pyrimidine antifolate were synthesized and examined for their effects as highly potent as DHFR and cell growth inhibitors, and most of them are more potent than methotrexate (MTX) and 10-ethyl-10-deazapterin (10-EDAM) in inhibiting tumor cell growth (P388 MTX-sensitive and MTX-resistant, colon 26 and KB) on 72 h drug exposure [10]. Furthermore, 5-deaza-7-desmethylene analogues of 5,10-alkylene-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofolic acid were good substrates for mouse liver folylpolyglutamate synthetase [11].
Bacteria in the intestine synthesizes folic acid [12], which is essential for the progress of the neurological systems of fetuses [13]. Folic acid, as well as the plasma concentration of folate, were inversely associated with hematological, cardiovascular diseases, as well as colorectal cancer [14,15]. Folic acid exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant effects, and decreased levels of interleukins [16,17]. A previous study revealed that folic acid treatment suppressed the inflammatory response of human monocytic cells (THP-1 cells) through the PI3K/Akt pathway [18].
Due to the essential role of folic acid in the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, we adopted an idea of confusing the bacteria in the synthesis of the cell wall by using a folic acid analogue as an anti-cell wall synthesis drug. Therefore, the target of this work was synthesize some new derivatives from folic acid and screening them against some G+, G− bacteria, and fungi, in the hope of obtaining new antibacterial or antifungal compounds.
The main reaction center of folic acid illustrated in Figure 1.

2. Results and Discussion

The importance of synthesizing a new heterocyclic compound is strongly bonded with the finding of a new drug, capable of destroying any of the diseases that spread around the world. Herein is a new trial, in continuation of our previous work [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43], to synthesize a new compound from folic acid in the hope of getting a new promoting drug.
Folic acid 1 reacted with ethyl pyruvate in different ratios in DMF as a solvent. Refluxing mixture of folic acid and ethyl pyruvate 1:1 ratio for 8 hr, gave imidazo[2,1-b]pteridine derivative 2. While the reaction of folic acid with ethyl pyruvate, in a 1:2 ratio for 2 hr, led to the formation of the N,N-disubstituted folic acid (Scheme 1). The structures of the two compounds 2 and 3 were confirmed from their IR and NMR spectra, where in the IR spectra, the band due to the NH2 group disappeared with appearance of new bands due to the inserted carbonyl groups in the two compounds. While, 1H-NMR of compound 2 showed singlet signal at δ = 1.30 ppm due to the CH3 attached to the imidazole ring. The 1H-NMR of compound 3 also showed more deshielded singlet signal at δ = 2.21 ppm due to the 2CH3 attached to the carbonyl group. The 13C-NMR supported the structure proposed where it showed signals due to the CH3 in the two compounds at δ = 24.51 and 26.79 ppm, respectively.
Formation of ethoxymethyleneaminopetridine derivative 4 and ethoxycarbonylaminopetridine derivative 5 were formed by the reaction of folic acid with excess triethyl orthoformate and/or ethyl chloroformate in presence of TMA as a base (Scheme 1). The elucidation of the structures of the two compounds were recognized from their spectra and elemental analysis where, the two compounds showed the appearance of new signals in the 1H-NMR, triplets at δ = 1.15 and 1.14 quartets at 3.39 and 4.02 ppm due to the CH3 and CH2, respectively. The condensation of the NH2 of folic acid with aldehyde to form Schiff base was carried using formaldehyde and benzaldehyde in acetic acid glacial using drops of HCl as an acidic catalyst. The Schiff bases formed 6a,b showed the disappearance of the NH2 group in folic acid and appearance for the olefinic proton due to the formation of N=CH bond at δ = 7.99 and 8.03 ppm, respectively. 13C-NMR helped in the structures conformation, where, it showed signals at δ = 139.75 and 164.21 ppm due to the methylidene and benzylidene carbons respectively. The reaction of thioformic acid hydrazide with folic acid in DMF/EtOH mixture yielded the thiosemicarbazide derivative 7 which cyclized with ethyl chloroformate in presence of TMA to give the 1,3,4-triazole thione derivative 9 (Scheme 1). The structures of compounds 7 and 9 were established from IR and 1HNMR, where the IR showed extra bands due to the NH groups in compound 7 and two bands due to C=S at 1338 and 1347 cm-1 for compounds 7 and 9, respectively. Moreover, 1H-NMR showed three singlet signals for the thiosemicarbazide group at 5.69 (NH2), 11.31 and 12.89 ppm for (NHCSNH) protons respectively. Folic acid, also, reacted with acid chloride derivative in basic medium to give the N-substituted derivative. Reaction of folic acid with sebacoyl chloride in presence of TMA yielded the bis compound 8 (Scheme 1). The 1H-NMR confirmed the structure of 8 where it showed characteristic signals for the 8 CH2 due to the sebacoyl moiety at δ = 1.03, 1.26, 2.23, and 3.34 ppm, respectively.
Fused systems built in folic acid molecule another target for discovering new promising drug. (Scheme 2), showed some reactions resulted in the formation of fused systems with three or five fused rings.
Benzylidene malononitrile was the first compound was used to form the nucleus compound for synthesizing the more fused rings. The well-known benzylidene malononitrile was synthesized and reacted with folic acid in boiling ethanol to form the three fused rings compound pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridine derivative 10 (Scheme 2) The appearance of the CN band in the IR of compound 10 was the first guide for the structure assertion. The 1H-NMR was the second guide, where it showed multiplets at δ = 7.62–7.96 ppm for the 7-phenyl group. Reaction of folic acid with acetylacetone, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl cyanoacetate, and/or ethyl chloroacetate in DMF gave fused pyrimidine, fused primidone and fused imidazolidinone to the pteridine ring 11, 13, 14, and 15, respectively (Scheme 2). While the reaction of folic acid with ninhydrin in boiling ethanol yielded the five fused rings derivative indeno[2′,1′:4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]pteridine 12. The structures of the resulted compounds stablished from their 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR. The 1H-NMR of compound 11 showed two singlets at δ = 2.26 and 2.40 ppm for the two CH3- in pyrimidine ring, Moreover, two signals for the same groups appeared at 24.30 and 26.45 ppm in the 13C-NMR. Compound 13 showed two singlets one for the CH3 at 2.25 and the other at 7.21 due to pyrimidone olefinic proton. The structure of compound 14 was confirmed by the singlet appeared in its 1H-NMR at δ = 2.89 ppm due to pyrimidone CH2, which also appeared in its 13C-NMR at δ = 43.05 ppm. The disappearance of the CN band for compound 14 in its IR proved the cyclic structure of the compound. The 1H-NMR of compound 15 was the main guide for its structure proven, where the 1H-NMR of compound 15 showed singlet at δ = 3.51 ppm due to imidazolidinone CH2 along with the presence of NH singlet signal of imidazolidinone at δ = 10.87 ppm. On the other hand, the structure of compound 12 was certain, by the presence of the singlet due to the imidazoloindene OH group at δ = 5.36 ppm.
Ethoxycarbonylamino derivative 15 was used as starting material for the synthesis of other types of derivatives, which are not attached directly to the pteridine ring. We exploited the chance presence of an ester group in the compound and subjected it to react with some nucleophiles containing NH2, such as aminoguanidinium hydrocarbonate, hydrazine hydrate, glycine, thioformic acid hydrazide, and sulfa drugs in different conditions. Reaction of compound 15 with aminoguanidinium hydrocarbonate in boiling glacial acetic acid yielded “N-{4-[({2-[({2-[amino(imino)methyl]hydrazino}-carbonyl)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)amino]benzoyl}-glutamic acid” 16 (Scheme 3). The structure of 16 was elucidated from the disappearance of the two signals characteristic for the ethyl group in its 1H-NMR, with appearance of multi signals for different NH present in the compound (experimental part).
Reaction of 15 with NH2NH2 in boiling DMF yielded the semicarbazide derivative 17. Reaction of 15 with glycine in DMF/H2O mixture resulted in the carboxymethylurea derivative 18. Thioformic acid also reacted with compound 15 in boiling DMSO and gave thiocarboxysemicarbazide derivative 19 (Scheme 3). Conformation of 17, 18, and 19 structures were elucidated form their spectral and analysis data, where all of the 1H-NMR spectra of all the compounds missing the ethyl group, triplet and quartet signals, with appearance of other signals due to the new functional groups, for example, compound 126, showed in its 1H-NMR signals at δ = 4.33, 8.69 and 9.61 ppm for the NH2, and two NH proton neighboring to the carbonyl group. Compound 18 showed the signals corresponding to the glycine molecule, the CH2 protons appeared at δ = 4.03 ppm and the acidic proton of the glycine carboxylic group found at 11.60 ppm. The 13C-NMR of compound 18 also supported the structure elucidation, where it showed a signal for CH2 carbon at 41.10 ppm and another signal for the glycine carboxylic carbon at 173.17 ppm. Compound 19 was the highest data help in the structure confirmation, where, Its IR showed bands due to thiocarboxylic group at 2627 cm−1 for (SH) and 1351 cm−1 for (C=S) group. Th 1H-NMR of compound 19 gave more conformational data, it showed signal due to the SH group at δ = 13.98 ppm, all of this data are supported with the elemental analysis for the sulfur. The presence of the SH group in compound 19 rejected the idea that compound 19 may cyclize to give 1,3,4-triazole thione derivative.
The combination between the sulfa drug and folic acid was an idea for increasing the biological activity of folic acid, especially antibacterial activity. Thus, folic acid reacted with sulfadiazine and/or sulfadimidine in DMF to yield the corresponding aminocarbonyl sulfadiazine derivative 20a and aminocarbonyl sulfadimidine derivative 20b, respectively (Scheme 3). The structures of 20a and 20b were confirmed from their spectral data (experimental part].
Ethoxymethylene derivative 14 was used for synthesizing a new folic acid derivative; thus, compound 113 reacted with some nucleophilic amino compounds, such as, semicarbazide hydrochloride, aminoguanidine hydrocarbonate, glycine, and sulfa drugs, to obtain some new Schiff base derivatives. Reaction of 4 with semicarbazide hydrochloride in boiling DMF in presence of drops of TMA as a base yielded “N-[4-({[2-({[2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazino]methylene}amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}-amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” 21, while the reaction with aminoguanidine hydrocarbonate in glacial acetic acid yielded the “N-{4-[({2-[({2-[amino(imino)methyl]-hydrazino}methylene)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)amino]benzoyl}-glutamic acid” 22. Moreover, reaction of 14 with glycine in mixture of DMF/ H2O (9:1) gave the carboxymethyl)amino derivative 23 (Scheme 4). The structure of the formed compounds 21, 22, and 23 are confirmed from their IR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR, where all compounds showed the disappearance of the two signals of the ethyl group in their 1H-NMR with appearance of new signals due to NH2, and NH groups at the ranges 6.21–6.98 ppm for NH2 group and 10.13–10.99 ppm for NH groups. Compound 23 showed in its 1H-NMR two signals for the glycine moiety, at singlet at δ = 4.18 ppm for CH2 and at 11.58 for the acidic proton CH2COOH. Compound 14 reacted with sulfa drugs, namely, sulfadiazine and sulfadimidine, to give the folic acid substituted with sulfa drug moiety, 24a,b (Scheme 4). The structures of compounds 24a,b proved with the aid of their 1H-NMR, where, the 1H-NMR showed the appearance of the multiplets due to the phenyl group of the sulfa drug, with disappearance of the ethyl group signals.
Finally, compound 10 was used for building some new fused systems on the folic acid molecule. It subjected for some reactions, which gave four ring fused systems as a new form for folic acid derivatives. Compound 10 reacted with thioglycolic acid in basic conditions to yield the tetracyclic fused system “N-(4-{[(4-amino-3-mercapto-2,12-dioxo-5-phenyl-1,12-dihydro-2H-pyrido-[3′,2′:5,6]pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-10-yl)methyl]-amino}benzoyl)-glutamic acid” 25 (Scheme 5). Reaction of 10 with thioglycolic acid boiling ethanol without using TMA yielded the open form mercaptoacetyl derivative 26 (Scheme 5). The two structures of 25 and 26 in the 1H-NMR showed the presence of the SH group at 14.00 and 13.97 ppm, respectively. The disappearance of the CN group in the IR of compound 25 confirmed the cyclic form of the compound, while its appearance in the IR of 26 prove that the structure is an open form.
The reaction of carbon sulfide with compound 10 varies with the kind of solvent used, whereas the reaction of 10 with CS2 in alcoholic KOH yielded the open form N-{4-[({8-cyano-9-[(mercaptocarbonothioyl)amino]-11-oxo-7-phenyl-11H-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl}methyl)amino]-benzoyl}glutamic acid 27, while the reaction in boiling dry pyridine yielded the four cyclic ring fused system 28 (Scheme 5). The IR of the two compounds helped in elucidation of the structures, where the IR of compound 27 showed CN band at 2202 cm−1, which are not present in the IR of compound 28; this is an indication that compound 27 is open form and 28 is a cyclic form. Pyrido[3′,2′:5,6] pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridine 29 and pyrimido[5′,4′:5,6]pyrimido-[2,1-b]pteridine 30 were prepared by the reaction of 10 with malononitrile and/or formamide on hot. Compound 29 showed, in its 1H-NMR, two signals for the two NH2 groups at δ = 6.12 and 6.58 ppm, while compound 30 showed only one signal for the NH2 groups at δ = 6.50 ppm.

3. Biological Activity

Antimicrobial activities of some new compounds were tested against some types of G+ bacteria, G− bacteria, and fungus, for example, “Bacillus subtilis (ATCC, 6051), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC, 12600), as a G+ bacteria, Escherichia coli (ATCC, 11775), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC, 10145), as a G− bacteria, Aspergillus flavus link (ATCC, 9643), and Candida albicans (ATCC, 7102), as a fungus”. Antimicrobial activity of the tested samples was determined using a modified Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method [44,45,46,47,48,49].

Biological Activity Results and Discussion

The studying of the biological screening of the tested compounds, Table 1, showed folic acid had a moderate inhibitory effect against each of the G+ and G− bacteria compared to the standard antibacterial agent (Ampicillin).
Compounds 6a, 8, 22, 26, and 27 showed inhibitory effects slightly more than folic acid against all types of bacteria, and this may be due to the presence a new group exceeded to folic acid structure, such as, terminal C=N in compounds 6a and 22, SH in compounds 26 and 27, and 8 CH2 in compound 8.
Inden-1-one present in compound 12 may be the cause for more activity than folic acid against G− bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa.
Compound 9 as well as compound 20b showed somewhat strange inhibitory effects, where compound 9 showed higher effect against P. aeruginosa than folic acid, and at the same time, it showed null effects against E. coli and S. aureus; this may be due to the presence of triazole thione ring in its structure. Moreover, compound 20b showed null effects against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa and moderate effect against E. coli and S. aureus, the diamidine nucleus in its structure.
Compounds 2, 4, 10, 14, 15, 23, and 24b showed nearly the same effects similar to folic acid; this means that the new groups added to the structure of folic acid did not have any effect against microorganisms in general.
Compounds 5 and 18 had no effect against all microorganisms; this may be due to the presence of each of glycine unit and/or the ethyl carbamate unit in the structure.
In comparison, among the different effects of all compounds under study, we found:
  • Compound 22 showed higher effect against B. subtilis than other compounds that showed an average effect.
  • Compounds 5, 18, 20b did not show the effect against B. subtilis.
The effect of compounds 6a, 8, 22, 27 was slightly higher than 11, 12, 14, 23 against S. aureus while other compounds have a moderate effect against S. aureus and compounds 1, 5, 18 had no effect against them.
The effect of compounds against E. coli was close to the effect of compounds against bacteria, while the effect of compounds against P. aeruginosa was dissimilar. Compound 27 showed a higher effect against P. aeruginosa than other compounds.
On the other hand, folic acid, as well as all of the synthesized compounds, had no effect against Fungi (A. flavus and C. albicans).

4. Conclusions

Herein, novel derivatives of folic acid were prepared by direct reactions of different reagents, with folic acid, or by reaction of some derivatives prepared with the same (or another) reagent. The study was directed to find new derivatives of folic acid having a promising biological activity, but, from the study carried out and the results obtained, all of the derivatives prepared were inactive against fungi, while some of these derivatives had a moderate antibacterial activity. The conclusion of this study is that the reactions done on the NH2 group of folic acid, either substituted groups formed or fused systems, are not valuable as antifungal or antibacterial agents. Future work will be directed to the carboxylic groups of folic acid to synthesize a new isolated or fused system from folic acid in hopes of getting a more promising drug.

4.1. Experimental Chemistry

All chemicals used were supplied by Sigma (New York, NY, USA). Digital Electro thermal IA 9100 Series used for measuring melting points and they were uncorrected. Infra-red spectra were examined on ATRAlpha FTIR spectrophotometer (Billerica, MA, USA). 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra examined on a Bruker AC-850 MHz apparatus (Bruker, Billerica, Massachusetts). Chemical shifts expressed as (ppm) relative to internal standard (TMS), and DMSO-d6 used as the solvent and in 13C-NMR the solvent was CDCl3 and DMSO mixture. CHN analyses and biological activity were achieved in Cairo University at Micro-Analytical Center. Spectral data of all compounds are available in Supplementary Materials.

4.1.1. “N-(4-{[(7-methyl-8,10-dioxo-8,10-dihydroimidazo[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl)methyl]amino}-benzoyl)glutamic acid” (2)

A mixture of folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) and ethyl pyruvate (0.001 mol, 0.11 g) dissolved in (15 mL) DMF and refluxed. After 8 hr (TLC, RF = 0.6, eluent: CH2Cl2) the solvent evaporated under vacuum, the semisolid product formed, poured onto ice, the solid resulted filtered off and crystallized from DMF-ethanol mixture (1:1) to give yellowish brown product. Yield, 87%, m.p. 223–225 °C. IR, 3437, 3407 cm−1 (2OH), 3239–3071 cm−1 (2NH), 2941 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2759 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1689–1599 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N), 1495 cm−1 (C=C). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.30 (s, 3H, CH3), 1.89–2.01 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.72 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.25 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.46 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.63 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.24 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.57 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)meta), 7.94 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.63 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.48 (s,1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.36 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 24.51 (CH3), 30.89 (CH2CH2COOH), 33.21 (CH2CH2COOH), 45.95 (NHCH2), 50.15 (NHCH), 112.42 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 113.45 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 121.76 (pteridine C4a), 128.00 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 147.28 (pteridine C6), 151.73 (pteridine C7), 152.77 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.88 (pteridine C8a), 157.47 (pteridine C2), 162.99 (pteridine C4), 167.65 NHCO, 174.25 (NHCHCOOH), 174.87 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C22H19N7O7 (493.13): C, 53.55; H, 3.88; N, 19.87; found: C, 53.21; H, 3.62; N, 19.77.

4.1.2. “N-[4-({[2-(dipyruvoylamino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}-amino)benzoyl]-glutamic acid” (3)

A mixture of folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) and ethyl pyruvate (0.001 mol, 0.23 g) in DMF (20 mL) was refluxed for 2 h until the reaction completed (TLC, RF = 0.5, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solvent evaporated under vacuum. The precipitate formed, crystallized from EtOH to give yellow product. Yield, 52%, m.p. 188–190 °C. IR, 3541, 3408 cm−1 (2OH), 3225–3161 cm−1 (3NH), 3022–2941 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2791 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1684–1599 cm−1 (8C=O and C=N), 1496 cm−1 (C=C). 1HNMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.89-2.01 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.21 (s, 6H, 2CH3), 2.72 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.25 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.46 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.63 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.24 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.57 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)meta), 7.94 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.63 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.15 (s, 1H, pteridine-NH), 11.45 (s,1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.38 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 26.79 (2CH3), 30.80 (CH2CH2COOH), 34.28 (CH2CH2COOH), 45.97 (NHCH2), 52.35 (NHCH), 111.26 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 112.56 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 121.61 (pteridine C4a), 128.85 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 148.38 (pteridine C6), 150.74 (pteridine C7), 151.73 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.28 (pteridine C8a), 156.28 (pteridine C2), 161.39 (NCOCOCH3, 162.35 (pteridine C4), 166.06 NHCO, 174.33 (NHCHCOOH), 174.41 (CH2CH2COOH), 183.35 NCOCOCH3). Anal. Calcd. for C25H23N7O10 (581.49): C, 51.64; H, 3.99; N, 16.86; found: C, 51.51; H, 3.82; N, 16.77.

4.1.3. “N-(4-{[(2-{[1-ethoxymethylene]amino}-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}-benzoyl)glutamic acid” (4)

Folic acid (0.01 mol, 4.4 g) added to triethyl orthoformate (8 mL, excess) and stirred under boiling for 6 h (TLC, RF = 0.8, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed after cooling filtered and crystallized from EtOH to give yellow-brown powder. Yield, 85%, m.p. 220–222 °C. IR, 3470–3400 cm−1 (2OH), 3274–3115 cm−1 (3NH), 2974 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2803 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1693–1601 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.15 (t, 3H, CH3), 1.91–2.03 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.51 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 3.39 (q, 2H, CH2), 4.31 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.48 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.64 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.93 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.64 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.65 (s, 1H, N=CH), 8.12 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.79 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.38 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.42 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.40 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C22H23N7O7 (497.46): C, 53.12; H, 4.66; N, 19.71; found: C, 52.89; H, 4.47; N, 19.54.

4.1.4. “N-{4-[({2-[(ethoxycarbonyl)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)amino]-benzoyl}glutamic acid” (5)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g), ethyl chloroformate (0.001 mol,0.11 g) and drops of TMA were mixed together in EtOH (12 mL) and refluxed for 1 h until the reaction completed (TLC, RF = 0.65, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solvent evaporated and the precipitate formed crystallized from EtOH to give yellow product. Yield, 87%, m.p. 218–220 °C. IR, 3438, 3422 cm−1 (2OH), 3251–3108 cm−1 (4NH), 3079–2939 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2782–2724 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1690–1598 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N), 1496 cm−1 (C=C). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.14 (t, 3H, CH2CH3), 1.90–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.31 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.02 (q, 2H, CH2CH3), 4.08 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.53 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.64 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.64 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.65 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)meta), 8.15 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.21 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 8.72 (s, 1H, NHCOOEt), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.51 (s,1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.40 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 25.09 (CH3CH2), 30.87 (CH2CH2COOH), 34.11 (CH2CH2COOH), 41.20 (CH3CH2), 45.23 (NHCH2), 52.10 (NHCH), 111.44 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 112.56 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 121.61 (pteridine C4a), 128.85 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 148.52 (pteridine C6), 150.70 (pteridine C7), 151.74 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.27 (pteridine C8a), 156.41 (pteridine C2), 161.89 (NCOOCH2CH3), 162.35 (pteridine C4), 166.06 (NHCO), 174.33 (NHCHCOOH), 174.41 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C22H23N7O8 (513.46): C, 51.46; H, 4.51; N, 19.10; found: C, 51.25; H, 4.35; N, 18.84.

4.2. Synthesis of Derivatives 6a,b (General Procedure)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.4 g) and appropriate aldehyde (0.001 mol) mixed in glacial acetic acid (10 mL) and drops of hydrochloric acid (0.4 mL) were added, then, the mixture refluxed for 4 h (TLC, RF = 0.5–0.6, eluent: CH2Cl2). The formed precipitate filtered and crystallized from EtOH.

4.2.1. “N-[4-({[2-(methyleneamino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}-amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (6a)

Green powder. Yield, 81%, m.p. 210–212 °C. IR, 3418, 3403 cm−1 (2OH), 3284–3179 cm−1 (3NH), 2934 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2832 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1690–1618 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N), 1590 cm−1 (C=C). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.88–2.07 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.71 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.27 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.48 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.59 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.23 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.55 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.94 (s, 1H, NHCO), 7.99 (s, 2H, N=CH2), 8.64 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.33 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.37 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.41 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 28.15 (CH2CH2COOH), 33.15 (CH2CH2COOH), 43.89 (NHCH2), 54.56 (NHCH), 112.25 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 114.01 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 122.47 (pteridine C4a), 128.25 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 139.75 (N=CH2), 146.78 (pteridine C6), 151.20 (pteridine C7), 152.41 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.44 (pteridine C8a), 157.61 (pteridine C2), 163.36 (pteridine CO), 166.49 (NHCO), 175.21 (NHCHCOOH), 175.15 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C20H19N7O6 (453.41): C, 52.98; H, 4.22; N, 21.62; found: C, 52.71; H, 4.01; N, 21.41.

4.2.2. “N-[4-(((2-(Benzylideneamino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl)-amino)benzoyl)-glutamic acid” (6b)

Yellow powder. Yield, 62%, m.p. 224–226 °C. IR, 3412, 3399 cm−1 (2OH), 3279–3176 cm−1 (3NH), 2951 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1687–1610 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N), 1550 cm−1 (C=C). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.85-2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.73 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.22 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.45 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.61 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.22 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.57 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) meta), 7.63 (d, 1H, benzylidene Ph-(H)para), 7.86 (d, 2H, benzylidene Ph-(H)ortho), 7.90 (m, 2H, benzylidene Ph-(H)meta), 7.93 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.03 (s, 1H, benzylidene N=C-H), 8.60 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.24 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.38 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.30 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 30.75 (CH2CH2COOH), 33.10 (CH2CH2COOH), 45.94 (NHCH2), 50.07 (NHCH), 113.20 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 114.23 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 121.36 (pteridine C4a), 128.22 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 128.09 (benzylidene Ph(meta)), 129.25 (benzylidene Ph(ortho)), 131.70 (benzylidene Ph(para)), 133.01 (benzylidene CH-Ph), 146.20 (pteridine C6), 151.52 (pteridine C7), 152.44 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.40 (pteridine C8a), 157.13 (pteridine C2), 163.36 (pteridine CO), 164.21 (benzylidene N=C-H), 167.89 NHCO, 174.25 (NHCHCOOH), 174.54 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C26H23N7O6 (529.50): C, 58.98; H, 4.38; N, 18.52; found: C, 58.74; H, 4.22; N, 18.46.

4.2.3. “N-{4-[({2-[(hydrazinocarbonothioyl)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)-amino]benzoyl}glutamic acid” (7)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) dissolved with thioformic acid hydrazide (0.001 mol, 0.1 g) in EtOH/DMF (2:1–15 mL) and stirred under reflux for 10 h. (TLC, RF = 0.4, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed filtered and crystallized from EtOH to give yellow powder. Yield 91%, m.p. over 300 °C. IR, 3450–3342 cm−1 (2OH), 3342–3049 cm−1 (NH2 and 5NH), 2940 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2875 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1685–1600 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N), 1338 cm−1 (C=S). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.89–2.01 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.49 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.09 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.44 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 5.69 (s, 2H, NH2), 6.91(d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.99 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.60 (m, 6H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.10 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.63 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.31 (s, 1H, NHNH2), 11.32 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.18 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.66 (s, 1H, NH-pyrimidine), 12.89 (s, 1H, NH-C=S). Calcd. for C20H21N9O6S (515.50): C, 46.60; H, 4.11; N, 24.45; found: C, 46.43; H, 4.01; N, 24.18.

4.2.4. “N,N’-bis[6-({[4-(N-glutamincarbonyl)phenyl]amino}-methyl)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-2-yl]decanediamide” (8)

Compound 1 (0.001 mol, 0.88 g) and sebacoyl chloride (0.001 mol, 0.24 g) and drops of TMA in DMF (10 mL) was refluxed for 6 h (TLC, RF = 0.6, eluent: CH2Cl2). The mixture was poured into ice-cold water, the precipitate obtained crystallized from EtOH to give orange crystals. Yield, 72%, m.p. 184–186 °C. IR, 3432, 3415 cm−1 (2OH), 3270–3160 cm−1 (4NH), 2951 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1688–1621 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N), 1347 cm−1 (C=S). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.03 (m, 4H, 2CH2, CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH), 1.26 (m, 4H, 2CH2, CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH), 1.90–2.04 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.23 (m, 4H, 2CH2, CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH), 2.71 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 3.34 (t, 4H, 2CH2, CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH), 4.24 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.51 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.61 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.21 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.49 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.90 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.61 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.37 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.12 (s, 2H, 2NH, CH2CH2CH2CH2CONH), 11.43 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.34 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C48H52N14O14 (1049.01): C, 54.96; H, 5.00; N, 18.69; found: C, 54.78; H, 4.81; N, 18.52.

4.2.5. “N-[4-({[4-oxo-2-(3-oxo-5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazolidin-4-yl)-3,4-dihydro-pteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (9)

Compound 7 (0.001 mol, 0.51 g) was refluxed for 16 h with ethyl chloroformate (0.001 mol, 0.11 g) and TMA (3 drops) in EtOH (15 mL) (TLC, RF = 0.8, eluent: CH2Cl2). A yellow powder formed which filtered and crystallized from EtOH. Yield, 78%, m.p. over 300 °C. IR, 3412–3378 cm−1 (2OH), 3331–3149 cm−1 (5NH), 2961 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2867 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1681–1618 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N), 1350 cm−1 (C=S). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.90–2.03 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.497 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.04 (N-CHCOOH), 4.48 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.931(d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.95 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.63 (m, 6H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.12 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.63 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.13 (s, 1H, triazolidine NHC=S), 10.37 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.31 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 11.60 (s, 1H, triazolidine NHC=O), 12.21 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 13.01 (s, 1H, NH-pyrimidine). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 29.66 (CH2CH2COOH), 31.23 (CH2CH2COOH), 45.18 (NHCH2), 53.41 (NHCH), 112.25 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 114.01 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 122.44 (pteridine C4a), 127.90 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 148.02 (pteridine C6), 151.48 (pteridine C7), 153.14 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.22 (pteridine C8a), 156.32 (triazolidine C=O), 161.01 (pteridine C2), 165.90 (pteridine CO), 166.05 (NHCO), 174.45 (NHCHCOOH), 174.58 (CH2CH2COOH), 182.37 (triazolidine C=S). Calcd. for C21H19N9O7S (541.50): C, 46.58; H, 3.54; N, 23.28; found: C, 46.33; H, 3.40; N, 23.12.

4.2.6. “N-(4-{[(9-amino-8-cyano-11-oxo-7-phenyl-11H-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl)methyl]-amino}benzoyl)glutamic acid” (10)

A mixture of folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g), malononitrile (0.001 mol, 0.66 g), benzaldehyde (0.11 g, 1 mmol), and drops of TMA in ethanol (15 mL) was stirred under reflux for 4 h (TLC, RF = 0.4, eluent: CH2Cl2). The reaction cooled at rt (room temperature). then, the precipitate formed filtered and crystallized from EtOH to give orange crystals. Yield 80%, m.p. 228–230 °C. IR, 3420–3400 cm−1 (2OH), 3250–3071 cm−1 (NH2 and 2NH), 2950 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 2217 cm−1 (CN), 1682–1598 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.89–2.02 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.50 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.02 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.48 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.65 (s, 2H, NH2), 6.93 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.95 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.62–7.96 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H) (meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph), 8.12 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.65 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.45 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.18 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Calcd. for C29H23N9O6 (593.55): C, 58.68; H, 3.91; N, 21.24; found: C, 58.42; H, 3.68; N, 21.01.

4.2.7. “N-(4-{[(7,9-dimethyl-11-oxo-11H-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl)methyl]-amino}benzoyl) glutamic acid” (11)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) added to acetylacetone (0.001 mol, 0.1 g) in DMF (12 mL) and stirred under reflux for 4 h (TLC, RF = 0.8, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed crystallized from EtOH to give reddish-brown product. Yield, 93%, m.p. 252–254 °C. IR, 3421–3403 cm−1 (2OH), 3266–3214 cm−1 (2NH), 2952 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2853 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1681–1621 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.91–2.03 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.26 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.40 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.53 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.24 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.46 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.53 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.90 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.27 (s, 1H, pyrimidine CH), 7.56 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.01 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.62 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.27 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.06 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13CNMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 24.30 (CH3), 26.45 (CH3), 29.28 (CH2CH2COOH), 31.11 (CH2CH2COOH), 45.04 (NHCH2), 48.47 (pyrimidine CH2), 52.49 (NHCH), 111.27 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 112.58 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 120.95 (pyrimidine C5), 121.68 (pteridine C4a), 127.98 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 148.36 (pteridine C6), 150.72 (pteridine C7), 151.71 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.35 (pteridine C8a), 161.44 (pteridine C2), 165.95 (pteridine CO), 166.05 (NHCO), 171.79 (pyrimidine N=CH), 174.45 (NHCHCOOH), 174.58 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C24H23N7O6 (505.48): C, 57.03; H, 4.59; N, 19.40; found: C, 56.71; H, 4.26; N, 19.11.

4.2.8. “N-(4-{[(13a-hydroxy-5,12-dioxo-12,13a-dihydro-5H-indeno-[2′,1′:4,5]imidazo[2,1-b]pteridin-10-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-glutamic acid” (12)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) and ninhydrin (0.001 mol, 0.18 g) in EtOH (12 mL) were refluxed for 4 h (TLC, RF = 0.75, eluent: CH2Cl2). A yellowish orange crystal formed on hot which, filtered and washed with EtOH. Yield 74%, m.p. 260–262 °C. IR, 3448–3343 cm−1 (3OH), 3248–3073 cm−1 (2NH), 2938 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2788 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1682–1599 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.94–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.51 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.04 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.47 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 5.36 (s, 1H, imidazoloindene OH), 6.91(d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.95 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.62-7.96 (m, 6H, N-Ph-(H) (meta) and indene-Ph), 8.11 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.63 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.37 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.21 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Calcd. for C28H21N7O8 (583.51): C, 57.63; H, 3.63; N, 16.80; found: C, 57.47; H, 3.41; N, 16.53.

4.2.9. “N-(4-{[(7-methyl-9,11-dioxo-6,11-dihydro-9H-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl)methyl]-amino}benzoyl)glutamic acid” (13)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) and ethyl acetoacetate (0.001 mol, 0.13 g) in DMF (13 mL) stirred under reflux for 5 h (TLC, RF = 0.75, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate separated after cooling crystallized from ethanol to give orange crystals. Yield, 81%, m.p. 246–248 °C. IR, 3418–3412 cm−1 (2OH), 3271–3223 cm−1 (3NH), 2956 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1677–1620 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.90–2.00 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.25 (s, 3H, CH3), 2.55 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.20 (t, 1H, N-CHCOOH), 4.43 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.51 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.93 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.21 (s, 1H, pyrimidine CH), 7.58 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.04 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.66 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.95 (s, 1H, pyrimidine NH), 11.24 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.14 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C23H21N7O7 (507.46): C, 54.44; H, 4.17; N, 19.32; found: C, 54.13; H, 4.08; N, 19.01.

4.2.10. “N-(4-{[(7-amino-9,11-dioxo-8,11-dihydro-9H-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl)methyl]-amino}benzoyl)glutamic acid” (14)

Folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) and ethyl cyanoacetate (0.001 mol, 0.13 g) in DMF (15 mL) stirred at boiling point for 4 h until the reaction finished (TLC, RF = 0.7, eluent: CH2Cl2). The product obtained after solvent evaporation crystallized from EtOH-DMF to give reddish brown product. Yield, 79%, m.p. 231–2330 °C. IR, 3424, 3412 cm−1 (2OH), 3278–3189 cm−1 (NH2 and 2NH), 2911 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2843 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1679–1624 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N), 1592 cm−1 (C=C). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.74–2.10 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.73 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.89 (s, 2H, pyrimidine CH2), 4.22 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.51 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.63 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H) ortho), 7.23 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.56 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H)(meta)), 7.98 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.06 (s, 2H, NH2), 8.61 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.46 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.47 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 28.10 (CH2CH2COOH), 33.19 (CH2CH2COOH), 43.44 (NHCH2), 43.05 (pyrimidine CH2), 54.50 (NHCH), 113.22 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 114.61 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 123.34 (pteridine C4a), 128.24 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 146.32 (pteridine C6), 151.22 (pteridine C7), 152.11 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.79 (pteridine C8a), 160.09 (pteridine C2), 165.36 (pteridine CO), 166.22 (NHCO), 171.03 (pyrimidine N=CH), 174.12 (NHCHCOOH), 175.00 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C22H20N8O7 (508.44): C, 51.97; H, 3.96; N, 22.04; found: C, 51.79; H, 3.81; N, 21.91.

4.2.11. “N-(4-{[(7,10-dioxo-6,7,8,10-tetrahydroimidazo[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl)methyl]-amino}-benzoyl)glutamic acid” (15)

Ethyl chloroacetate (0.001 mol, 0.12 g) and folic acid (0.001 mol, 0.44 g) in DMF (11 mL) stirred under reflux for 4.5 h (TLC, RF = 0.8, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate separated after cooling crystallized from EtOH to yield orange crystals. Yield, 88%, m.p. 221–224 °C. IR, 3423–3401 cm−1 (2OH), 3251–3204 cm−1 (3NH), 2927 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2854 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1668–1618 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.55 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 3.51 (s, 2H, imidazolidinone CH2), 4.26 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.48 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.53 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.92 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.57 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.03 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.64 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.87 (s, 1H, imidazole NH), 11.28 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.11 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C21H19N7O7 (481.42): C, 52.39; H, 3.98; N, 20.37; found: C, 52.00; H, 3.71; N, 20.19.

4.2.12. “N-{4-[({2-[({2-[amino(imino)methyl]hydrazino}-carbonyl)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)amino]benzoyl}-glutamic acid” (16)

Compound 15 (0.001 mol, 0.51 g) and aminoguanidinium hydrocarbonate (0.001 mol, 0.14 g) in glacial acetic acid (15 mL) was stirred under reflux for 3 h (TLC, RF = 0.6, eluent: CH2Cl2). A brownish powder formed on hot, the precipitate filtered while hot and washed with ethanol. Yield 87%, m.p. 274–276 °C. IR, 3439–3410 cm−1 (2OH), 3319–3161 cm−1 (NH2 and 7 NH), 2954 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2851 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1678–1620 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.55 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.31 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.54 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.27 (s, 2H, NH2), 6.63 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.91 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.65 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.80 (s, 1H, C=NH), 8.14 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.51 (s, 1H, pteridine-NHCONH), 8.82 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.17 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 10.99 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 11.40 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.30 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C21H23N11O7 (541.48): C, 46.58; H, 4.28; N, 28.45; found: C, 46.36; H, 4.09; N, 28.31.

4.2.13. “N-{4-[({2-[(hydrazinocarbonyl)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)amino]-benzoyl}glutamic acid” (17)

Compound 15 (0.51g, 1 mmol) and NH2NH2 (excess, 3 mL) in DMF (12 mL) were refluxed for 5 h (TLC, RF = 0.5, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solution concentrated under vacuum and poured onto crushed ice, an orange compound resulted, crystallized from DMF:EtOH mixture 1:3 to give yellowish powder. Yield, 65%, m.p. 231–233 °C. IR, 3411, 3386 cm−1 (2OH), 3309–3214 cm−1 (NH2 and 5NH), 3001 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2876 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1686–1618 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.02 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.42 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.09 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.33 (s, 2H, s, 1H, NHCONHNH2), 4.53 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.61 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 7.62 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.68 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)meta), 8.11 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.22 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 8.69 (s, 1H, NHCONHNH2), 9.61 (s, 1H, NHCONHNH2), 10.34 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.41 (s,1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.34 (s,1H, CH2COOH). 13C-NMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 31.18 (CH2CH2COOH), 35.41 (CH2CH2COOH), 47.13 (NHCH2), 51.99 (NHCH), 112.12 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 114.43 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 121.67 (pteridine C4a), 129.11 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 147.71 (pteridine C6), 151.58 (pteridine C7), 151.78 (N-Ph-(C)), 155.41 (pteridine C8a), 158.18 (pteridine C2), 161.89 (NCONHNH2), 162.11 (pteridine C4), 166.43 (NHCO), 175.81 (NHCHCOOH), 177.71 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C20H21N9O7 (499.44): C, 48.10; H, 4.24; N, 25.24; found: C, 47.72; H, 4.11; N, 25.18.

4.2.14. “N-[4-({[2-({[(carboxymethyl)amino]carbonyl}amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (18)

Compound 15 (0.001 mol, 0.5 g) and glycine (0.001 mol, 0.08 g) in DMF/ H2O mixture (9:1, 10 mL) was refluxed for 4 h (TLC, RF = 0.70, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solvent concentrated by evaporation. The brown solid formed after pouring on crushed ice crystallized from EtOH. Yield, 83%, m.p. 210–212 °C. IR, 3451–3410 cm−1 (3OH), 3233–3185 cm−1 (3NH), 2971 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2857 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1674–1623 cm−1 (6C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.92–2.01 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.55 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.03 (s, 2H, NHCH2COOH), 4.33 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.51 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.58 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.96 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.61 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.01 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.66 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 8.78 (s, 1H, NHCH2COOH), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.31 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 11.60 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.22 (s, 1H, NHCH2COOH). 13CNMR (DMSO d6, 200 MHz): δ = 25.08 (CH3), 30.19 (CH2CH2COOH), 34.13 (CH2CH2COOH), 41.10 (glycine CH2), 45.90 (NHCH2), 51.21 (NHCH), 111.18 (N-Ph-(C)ortho), 120.99 (N-Ph-(C)Para), 127.97 (pteridine C4a), 128.69 (N-Ph-(C)meta), 148.09 (pteridine C6), 150.67 (pteridine C7), 150.91 (N-Ph-(C)), 154.69 (pteridine C8a), 156.30 (pteridine C2), 160.91 (pteridine C4), 161.53 (NHCONH), 166.52 NHCO, 172.09 (NHCHCOOH), 173.17 (glycine CO), 174.51 (CH2CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C22H22N8O9 (542.46): C, 48.71; H, 4.09; N, 20.66; found: C, 48.53; H, 3.78; N, 20.51.

4.2.15. “N-[4-({[2-({[2-(mercaptocarbonothioyl)hydrazino]-carbonyl}amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (19)

Compound 15 (0.001 mol, 0.51 g) and thioformic acid hydrazide (0.001 mol, 0.1 g) in DMSO (12 mL) were refluxed for 5 h (TLC, RF = 0.4, eluent: CH2Cl2). The product formed after pouring onto crushed ice crystallized from DMF/EtOH 1:1 to yield brown powder. Yield, 84%, m.p. 281–283 °C. IR, 3423–3402 cm−1 (2OH), 3251–3147 cm−1 (6NH), 2928 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 2627 cm−1 (SH), 1678–1621 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N), 1351 cm−1 (C=S). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.89–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.50 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.08 (s, 2H, NHCH2COOH), 4.31 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.54 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.54 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.96 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.62 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.09 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.61 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.36 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.17 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 11.38 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 11.43 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.27 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 13.98 (s, 1H, SH). Anal. Calcd. for C21H21N9O7S2 (575.58): C, 43.82; H, 3.68; N, 21.90; S, 11.14; found: C, 43.57; H, 3.49; N, 21.77; S, 10.91.

4.3. Reaction of Compound 15 with Sulfa Drugs (20a,b): General Procedure

A mixture of 15 (0.001 mol, 0.51 g) and appropriate sulfa drug (0.001 mol) in DMF (15 mL) was stirred under reflux for 4h (TLC, RF = 0.45, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed crystallized from EtOH to produce yellow to orange powder.

4.3.1. “N-(4-{[(4-oxo-2-{[({4-[(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)sulfonyl]-phenyl}amino)carbonyl]-amino}-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}-benzoyl)glutamic acid” (20a)

Yellowish orange, yield, 77%, m.p. 238–240 °C. IR, 3438–3417 cm−1 (2OH), 3331–3199 cm−1 (6NH), 2952 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2853 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1684–1623 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.88–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.51 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.34 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.55 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.42 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C2H,C6H), 6.65 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.81 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C3H,C5H), 6.92 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.66 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.17 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.41 (t, 1H, pyrimidine C3H), 8.53 (s, 1H, pteridine-NHCONH), 8.64 (d, 2H, pyrimidine C2H,C4H), 8.77 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 8.99 (s, 1H, pteridine-NHCONH), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.38 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.27 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.83 (s, 1H, SO2NH). Anal. Calcd. for C30H27N11O9S (717.67): C, 50.21; H, 3.79; N, 21.47; S, 4.47; found: C, 49.91; H, 3.58; N, 21.62; S, 4.30.

4.3.2. “N-[4-({[2-({[(4-{[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-sulfonyl}phenyl)amino]-carbonyl}amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino) benzoyl]glutamic acid” (20b)

Yield, 72%, Orange powder, m.p. 246–248 °C. IR, 3442–3421 cm−1 (2OH), 3325–3212 cm−1 (6NH), 2975 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2857 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1680–1621 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.91–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.54 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.43 (s, 6H, 2CH3), 4.37 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.52 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.45 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C2H,C6H), 6.68 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.83 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C3H,C5H), 6.89 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.61 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.13 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.40 (t, 1H, pyrimidine C3H), 8.55 (s, 1H, pteridine-NHCONH), 8.61 (d, 2H, pyrimidine C2H,C4H), 8.79 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 8.91 (s, 1H, pteridine-NHCONH), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.31 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.34 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.85 (s, 1H, SO2NH). Anal. Calcd. for C32H31N11O9S (745.72): C, 51.54; H, 4.19; N, 20.66; S, 4.30; found: C, 51.21; H, 4.02; N, 20.49; S, 4.17.

4.3.3. “N-[4-({[2-({[2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazino]methylene}-amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (21)

Compound 4 (0.001 mol, 0.5 g) and semicarbazide HCl (0.001 mol, 0.11 g) and drops of TMA in DMF (14 mL) was stirred under reflux for 4 h (TLC, RF = 0.65, eluent: CH2Cl2). Brown powder formed after crystallization from EtOH. Yield 78%, m.p. 250–252 °C. IR, 3412–3389 cm−1 (2OH), 3329–33251 cm−1 (NH2 and 5 NH), 2949 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1666–1623 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.91–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.54 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.31 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.44 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.64 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.89 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 6.98 (s, 2H, NH2), 7.61 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.65 (s, 1H, N=CH), 8.21 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.84 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.31 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 10.57 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 10.99 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 11.41 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.28 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C21H22N10O7 (526.46): C, 47.91; H, 4.21; N, 26.61; found: C, 47.63; H, 3.92; N, 26.47.

4.3.4. “N-{4-[({2-[({2-[amino(imino)methyl]hydrazino}-methylene)amino]-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl}methyl)amino]-benzoyl}glutamic acid” (22)

Compound 14 (0.001 mol, 0.5 g) and aminoguanidinium hydrocarbonate (0.001 mol, 0.14 g) in glacial AcOH (15 mL) was stirred under reflux (TLC, RF = 0.6, eluent: CH2Cl2), after 2 h a green precipitate formed, which crystallized from EtOH. Yield 96%, m.p. 278–280 °C. IR, 3442–3415 cm−1 (2OH), 3289–3151 cm−1 (NH2 and 6 NH), 2951 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2847 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1672–1617 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.52 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.29 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.51 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.21 (s, 2H, NH2), 6.61 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.90 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.60 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.55 (s, 1H, N=CH), 7.82 (s, 1H, C=NH), 8.11 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.82 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.13 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 10.33 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 10.90 (s, 1H, NH-NH), 11.42 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.31 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C21H23N11O6 (525.48): C, 48.00; H, 4.41; N, 29.32; found: C, 47.61; H, 4.28; N, 29.10.

4.3.5. “N-[4-({[2-({[(carboxymethyl)amino]methylene}amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydro-pteridin-6-yl]methyl}amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (23)

A mixture of compound 14 (0.001 mol, 0.5 g) and glycine (0.001 mol, 0.08 g) in DMF/ H2O mixture (9:1, 10 mL) refluxed for 3h (TLC, RF = 0.75, eluent: CH2Cl2). The brown solid formed crystallized from EtOH to give crystals. Yield, 91%, m.p. 218–220 °C. IR, 3443–3405 cm−1 (3OH), 3317–3122 cm−1 (4NH), 2910 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1688–1619 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.92–2.03 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.54 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.18 (s, 2H, NHCH2COOH), 4.33 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.55 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.63 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.90 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.44 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 7.52 (s, 1H, N=CH), 8.09 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.77 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 8.96 (s, 1H, NHCH2COOH), 10.36 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.34 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 11.58 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.28 (s, 1H, NHCH2COOH). Anal. Calcd. for C22H22N8O8 (526.46): C, 50.19; H, 4.21; N, 21.28; found: C, 49.84; H, 4.06; N, 21.01.

4.4. Reaction of Compound 14 and Sulfa Drugs (24a,b): General Procedure

A mixture of 14 (0.001 mol, 0.5 g) and appropriate sulfa drug (0.001 mol) in DMF (15 mL) was stirred under reflux for 3h (TLC, RF = 0.4, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed crystallized from EtOH to yield brownish powder.

4.4.1. “N-(4-{[(4-oxo-2-{[({4-[(pyrimidin-2-ylamino)sulfonyl]-phenyl}amino) methylene]-amino}-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl)methyl]amino}-benzoyl)-glutamic acid” (24a)

Brownish powder, yield, 76%, m.p. 236–238 °C. IR, 3456–3412 cm−1 (2OH), 3321–3228 cm−1 (5NH), 2974 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2803 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1687–1616 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.53 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.32 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.52 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.41 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C2H,C6H), 6.61 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.84 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C3H,C5H), 6.91 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.02 (s, 1H, N=CH-NH), 7.52 (s, 1H, N=CH), 7.64 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.11 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.45 (t, 1H, pyrimidine C3H), 8.62 (d, 2H, pyrimidine C2H,C4H), 8.79 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.29 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.44 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.28 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.87 (s, 1H, SO2NH). Anal. Calcd. for C30H27N11O8S (701.67): C, 51.35; H, 3.88; N, 21.96; S, 4.57; found: C, 51.02; H, 3.42; N, 21.71, S, 4.33.

4.4.2. “N-[4-({[2-({[(4-{[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)amino]-sulfonyl}phenyl)amino]-methylene}amino)-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropteridin-6-yl]methyl}-amino)benzoyl]glutamic acid” (24b)

Brown powder, yield, 74%, m.p. 258–260 °C. IR, 3453–3405 cm−1 (2OH), 3314–3212 cm−1 (5NH), 2952 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2851 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1692–1621 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.90–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.51 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.68 (s, 6H, 2CH3), 4. 30 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.52 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.41 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C2H,C6H), 6.64 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.80 (d, 2H, J = 8.4 Hz, benzene C3H,C5H), 6.91 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.03 (s, 1H, N=CH-NH), 7.53 (s, 1H, N=CH), 7.61 (m, 2H, N-Ph-(H) (meta)), 8.11 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.44 (t, 1H, pyrimidine C3H), 8.61 (d, 2H, pyrimidine C2H,C4H), 8.80 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.33 (s, 1H, pteridine NH), 11.45 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.31 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.84 (s, 1H, SO2NH). Anal. Calcd. for C32H31N11O8S (729.72): C, 52.67; H, 4.28; N, 21.11; S, 4.39; found: C, 52.40; H, 4.10; N, 21.03; S, 4.13.

4.4.3. “N-(4-{[(4-amino-3-mercapto-2,12-dioxo-5-phenyl-1,12-dihydro-2H-pyrido[3′,2′:5,6]-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-10-yl)methyl]-amino}benzoyl)-glutamic acid” (25)

Compound 10 (0.001 mol, 0.59 g), thioglycolic acid (0.001 mol, 0.09 g), and drops of TMA in EtOH (12 mL) were refluxed for 15 h (TLC, RF = 0.55, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed crystallized from DMF/EtOH 1:1 to yield dark orange crystals. Yield, 76%, m.p. 251–253 °C. IR, 3401–3389 cm−1 (2OH), 3287–3165 cm−1 (NH2, 3NH), 2947 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2852 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 2657 cm−1 (SH), 1683–1622 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.90–2.03 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.55 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.06 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.53 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.92 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.96 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.68–7.90 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H)(meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph), 8.12 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.67 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.38 (s, 1H, pyridine-NH), 11.44 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.31 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 14.01 (s, 1H, pyridine-SH). Anal. Calcd. for C31H25N9O7S (667.65): C, 55.77; H, 3.77; N, 18.88; S, 4.80; found: C, 55.54; H, 3.62; N, 18.64; S, 4.67.

4.4.4. “N-{4-[({8-cyano-9-[(mercaptoacetyl)amino]-11-oxo-7-phenyl-11H-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl}methyl)amino]benzoyl}glutamic acid” (26)

Compound 10 (0.001 mol, 0.59 g) and thioglycolic acid (0.001 mol, 0.09 g) in EtOH (13 mL) were refluxed for 5 h (TLC, RF = 0.5, eluent: CH2Cl2). The precipitate formed on hot filtered and crystallized from DMF/EtOH 1:1 to produce yellowish brown crystals. Yield, 89%, m.p. 238–240 °C. IR, 3427–3412 cm−1 (2OH), 3248–3153 cm−1 (3NH), 2961 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2866 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 2634 cm−1 (SH), 2206 cm−1 (CN), 1678–1618 cm−1 (5C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.91–2.07 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.53 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 3.64 (s, 2H, NHCOCH2SH), 4.06 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.52 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.90 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.99 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.61-7.91 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H)(meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph), 8.19 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.66 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.37 (s, 1H, NHCOCH2SH), 11.44 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.28 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 13.97 (s, 1H, NHCOCH2SH). Anal. Calcd. for C31H25N9O7S (667.65): C, 55.77; H, 3.77; N, 18.88; S, 4.80; found: C, 55.54; H, 3.62; N, 18.64; S, 4.67.

4.4.5. “N-{4-[({8-cyano-9-[(mercaptocarbonothioyl)amino]-11-oxo-7-phenyl-11H-pyrimido-[2,1-b]pteridin-2-yl}methyl)amino]benzoyl}-glutamic acid” (27)

Compound 10 (0.001 mol, 0.59 g), CS2 (excess, 1 mL) and KOH (0.003 mol, 0.17 g) in EtOH (20 mL) was refluxed for 5 h (TLC, RF = 0.35, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solution poured onto crushed ice after concentration then acidified with dilute HCl. The precipitate formed crystallized from EtOH to produce reddish brown powder. Yield, 57%, m.p. 240–242 °C. IR, 3418–3406 cm−1 (2OH), 3221–3170 cm−1 (3NH), 2950 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2838 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 2630 cm−1 (SH), 2202 cm−1 (CN), 1689–1621 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N), 1328 cm−1 (C=S). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.92–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.54 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.05 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.41 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.90 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.95 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.61-7.95 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H) (meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph), 8.18 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.66 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.56 (s, 1H, NHC=S); 11.41 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.29 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 13.98 (s, 1H, SH). Calcd. for C30H23N9O6S2 (669.69): C, 53.80; H, 3.46; N, 18.82; S, 9.58; found: C, 53.66; H, 3.39; N, 18.71; S, 9.42.

4.4.6. “N-(4-{[(12-oxo-5-phenyl-2,4-dithioxo-1,3,4,12-tetrahydro-2H-pyrimido-[5′,4′:5,6]-pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-10-yl)methyl]- amino}benzoyl)glutamic acid” (28)

Compound 10 (0.001 mol, 0.59 g), CS2 (excess, 1 mL) and KOH (0.003 mol, 0.17 g, 3 mmol) dry pyridine (10 mL) was refluxed for 12 h (TLC, RF = 0.5, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solution poured onto crushed ice/dilute HCl. The product crystallized from EtOH to yield orange powder. Yield, 57%, m.p. 262–264 °C. IR, 3419–3410 cm−1 (2OH), 3234–3187 cm−1 (4NH), 2971 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2846 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1675–1623 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N); 1350–1273 (2C=S). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.54 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.01 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.44 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.91 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.97 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.62–7.90 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H) (meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph), 8.22 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.67 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 10.56 (s, 1H, N1HC=S); 11.41 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.29 (s,1H, CH2COOH), 12.56 (s, 1H, N2HC=S). Calcd. for C30H23N9O6S2 (669.69): C, 53.80; H, 3.46; N, 18.82; S, 9.58; found: C, 53.66; H, 3.39; N, 18.71; S, 9.42.

4.4.7. “N-(4-{[(2,4-diamino-3-cyano-12-oxo-5-phenyl-12H-pyrido[3′,2′:5,6]pyrimido[2,1-b]pteridin-10-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)-glutamic acid” (29)

Compound 10 (0.001 mol, 0.59 g) with malononitrile (0.001 mol, 0.07 g), and drops of TMA in EtOH (13 mL) refluxed for 13 h (TLC, RF = 0.6, eluent: CH2Cl2). The red product formed crystallized from EtOH to produce dark red powder. Yield, 69%, m.p. 236–238 °C. IR, 3423–3415 cm−1 (2OH), 3245–3162 cm−1 (2NH2, 2NH), 2944 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2852 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 2201 cm−1 (CN); 1678–1621 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.93–2.04 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.55 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.11 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.42 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.12 (s, 2H, C2NH2), 6.58 (s, 2H, C4NH2), 6.92 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.99 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.62–7.93 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H) (meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph), 8.21 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.61 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.43 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.22 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Calcd. for C32H25N11O6 (659.61): C, 58.27; H, 3.82; N, 23.36; found: C, 58.05; H, 3.71; N, 23.23.

4.4.8. “N-(4-{[(4-amino-12-oxo-5-phenyl-12H-pyrimido-[5′,4′:5,6]pyrimido-[2,1-b]pteridin-10-yl)methyl]amino}benzoyl)glutamic acid” (30)

Compound 10 (0.001 mol, 0.59 g) refluxed in excess formamide (8 mL) for 9 h (TLC, RF = 0.7, eluent: CH2Cl2). The solution poured on ice-cold water and then extracted with CH2Cl2 (25 mL, two times) to give yellow product which crystallized from EtOH. Yield, 42%, m.p. 225–227 °C. IR, 3421–3411 cm−1 (2OH), 3221–3137 cm−1 (NH2, 2NH), 2957 cm−1 (Ar-H), 2850 cm−1 (Aliphatic-H), 1671–1623 cm−1 (4C=O and C=N). 1H-NMR (DMSO d6, 850 MHz): δ = 1.88–2.05 (m, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 2.50 (t, 2H, CH2CH2COOH), 4.07 (t, 1H, NHCHCOOH), 4.45 (s, 2H, pteridine-CH2-N), 6.50 (s, 2H, C4NH2), 6.90 (d, 2H, N-Ph-(H)ortho), 6.98 (s, 1H, HN-Ph), 7.60–7.97 (m, 7H, N-Ph-(H) (meta) and pyrimidine-4-Ph, pyrimidine C2H), 8.23 (s, 1H, NHCO), 8.68 (s,1H, pteridine-C7H), 11.39 (s, 1H, CH2CH2COOH), 12.28 (s,1H, CH2COOH). Calcd. for C30H24N10O6 (620.57): C, 58.06; H, 3.90; N, 22.57; found: C, 57.83; H, 3.76; N, 22.50.

4.5. Biological Activity (Sensitivity Tests) by Kirby–Bauer Method

Antimicrobial activity of the tested samples was determined using a modified Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method [39,40,41,42,43,44].

Supplementary Materials

The following are available online Spectral data as Supplementary Materials.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, H.A.S. and O.A.A.A.; methodology, B.M.A.A.M.; software, H.A.S.; validation, H.A.S., O.A.A.A. and B.M.A.A.M.; formal analysis, H.A.S.; investigation, H.A.S.; resources, O.A.A.A.; data curation, H.A.S.; writing—original draft preparation, H.A.S.; writing—review and editing, O.A.A.A.; visualization, H.A.S.; supervision, O.A.A.A.; project administration, O.A.A.A.; funding acquisition, O.A.A.A. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

This research was funded by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/220), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Acknowledgments

Taif University Researchers Supporting Project number (TURSP-2020/220), Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Sample Availability

Samples of the compounds are available from the authors.

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Molecules 26 00368 g001 550
Figure 1. Folic acid reaction center.
Figure 1. Folic acid reaction center.
Molecules 26 00368 g001
Molecules 26 00368 sch001 550
Scheme 1. Synthesis some new folic acid derivatives.
Scheme 1. Synthesis some new folic acid derivatives.
Molecules 26 00368 sch001
Molecules 26 00368 sch002 550
Scheme 2. Synthesis of some new fused systems built on folic acid.
Scheme 2. Synthesis of some new fused systems built on folic acid.
Molecules 26 00368 sch002
Molecules 26 00368 sch003 550
Scheme 3. Synthesis of some urea derivatives substituted on folic acid.
Scheme 3. Synthesis of some urea derivatives substituted on folic acid.
Molecules 26 00368 sch003
Molecules 26 00368 sch004 550
Scheme 4. Synthesis of some methylene amino derivatives substituted on folic acid.
Scheme 4. Synthesis of some methylene amino derivatives substituted on folic acid.
Molecules 26 00368 sch004
Molecules 26 00368 sch005 550
Scheme 5. Synthesis of some new fused systems on folic acid.
Scheme 5. Synthesis of some new fused systems on folic acid.
Molecules 26 00368 sch005
Table
Table 1. Biological activity of some new synthesized compounds.
Table 1. Biological activity of some new synthesized compounds.
SampleInhibition Zone Diameter (mm/mg Sample)
Bacterial SpeciesFungi
(G+)(G−)
B. subtilisS. aureusE. coliP. aeruginosaA. flavusC. albicans
Control: DMSO0.00.00.00.00.00.0
StandardAmpicillin
Antibacterial agent		26212526----
Amphotericin B
Antifungal agent		--------1721
Folic acid 1101010100.00.0
210910110.00.0
499990.00.0
50.00.00.00.00.00.0
6a121212130.00.0
8121213130.00.0
9100.00.0120.00.0
101099100.00.0
1291012120.00.0
14101010100.00.0
15101011100.00.0
180.00.00.00.00.00.0
20b0.09100.00.00.0
22131212120.00.0
2391010100.00.0
24b10910100.00.0
27111211140.00.0
G: Gram reaction. Solvent: DMSO.
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Abu Ali, O.A.; Saad, H.A.; Al Malki, B.M.A. Synthesis of Some New Folic Acid-Based Heterocycles of Anticipated Biological Activity. Molecules 2021, 26, 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020368

AMA Style

Abu Ali OA, Saad HA, Al Malki BMA. Synthesis of Some New Folic Acid-Based Heterocycles of Anticipated Biological Activity. Molecules. 2021; 26(2):368. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020368

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abu Ali, Ola A., Hosam A. Saad, and Bodor M. A. Al Malki. 2021. "Synthesis of Some New Folic Acid-Based Heterocycles of Anticipated Biological Activity" Molecules 26, no. 2: 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020368

APA Style

Abu Ali, O. A., Saad, H. A., & Al Malki, B. M. A. (2021). Synthesis of Some New Folic Acid-Based Heterocycles of Anticipated Biological Activity. Molecules, 26(2), 368. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26020368

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