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Article

Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Common Duckweed Lemna minor after the Exposure to Tetracycline and the Recovery from This Stress

by
Magdalena Krupka
1,
Dariusz J. Michalczyk
1,
Jūratė Žaltauskaitė
2,
Gintarė Sujetovienė
2,
Katarzyna Głowacka
1,
Hanna Grajek
3,
Marta Wierzbicka
1 and
Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak
1,*
1
Department of Plant Physiology, Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
2
Department of Environmental Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, Universiteto 10, 46265 Kaunas, Lithuania
3
Department of Physics and Biophysics, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 4, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6765; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226765
Submission received: 21 September 2021 / Revised: 4 November 2021 / Accepted: 7 November 2021 / Published: 9 November 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Environmental Changes Resulting from Biological and Chemical Pollution)
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Abstract

In this study, the ability of Lemna minor L. to recover to normal growth, after being degraded in a tetracycline-containing medium, was extensively investigated. The plants were exposed to tetracycline (TC) at concentrations of 1, 2.5, and 10 mM. Subsequently, their physiological status was analysed against the following criteria: rate of plant growth; free radical accumulation; antioxidant enzyme activity; chlorophyll content; HSP70 protein content; cell membrane permeability, and mitochondrial activity. The study showed that duckweed can considerably recover from the damage caused by antibiotics, within a week of cessation of stress. Of the plant properties analysed, mitochondrial activity was the most sensitive to antibiotic-induced disturbances. After transferring the plants to a tetracycline-free medium, all plant parameters improved significantly, except for the mitochondrial activity in the plants grown on the medium containing the highest dose of tetracycline. In the plants treated with this antibiotic at the concentration of 10 mM, the proportion of dead mitochondria increased and was as high as 93% after one week from the beginning of the recovery phase, even after the transfer to the tetracycline-free medium.
Keywords: enzyme activity; chlorophyll; membrane damage; mitochondrial activity; HSP70 protein content; free radicals enzyme activity; chlorophyll; membrane damage; mitochondrial activity; HSP70 protein content; free radicals

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MDPI and ACS Style

Krupka, M.; Michalczyk, D.J.; Žaltauskaitė, J.; Sujetovienė, G.; Głowacka, K.; Grajek, H.; Wierzbicka, M.; Piotrowicz-Cieślak, A.I. Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Common Duckweed Lemna minor after the Exposure to Tetracycline and the Recovery from This Stress. Molecules 2021, 26, 6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226765

AMA Style

Krupka M, Michalczyk DJ, Žaltauskaitė J, Sujetovienė G, Głowacka K, Grajek H, Wierzbicka M, Piotrowicz-Cieślak AI. Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Common Duckweed Lemna minor after the Exposure to Tetracycline and the Recovery from This Stress. Molecules. 2021; 26(22):6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226765

Chicago/Turabian Style

Krupka, Magdalena, Dariusz J. Michalczyk, Jūratė Žaltauskaitė, Gintarė Sujetovienė, Katarzyna Głowacka, Hanna Grajek, Marta Wierzbicka, and Agnieszka I. Piotrowicz-Cieślak. 2021. "Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Common Duckweed Lemna minor after the Exposure to Tetracycline and the Recovery from This Stress" Molecules 26, no. 22: 6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226765

APA Style

Krupka, M., Michalczyk, D. J., Žaltauskaitė, J., Sujetovienė, G., Głowacka, K., Grajek, H., Wierzbicka, M., & Piotrowicz-Cieślak, A. I. (2021). Physiological and Biochemical Parameters of Common Duckweed Lemna minor after the Exposure to Tetracycline and the Recovery from This Stress. Molecules, 26(22), 6765. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226765

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