Antioxidant Properties and Structure-Antioxidant Activity Relationship of Allium Species Leaves
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology of Allium Species
3. Isolation Methods and Compound Content of Allium Species Leaves
3.1. Allium cepa
3.2. Allium sativum
3.3. Allium fistulosum
3.4. Allium schoenoprasum
3.5. Allium ursinum
3.6. Allium flavum
3.7. Allium scorodoprasum
3.8. Allium vineale
3.9. Allium atroviolaceum
4. Allium Species Leave Bioactivity and Test Methods
4.1. Antimicrobial
4.1.1. Antibacterial
4.1.2. Antifungal
4.2. Antioxidant
4.3. Anti-Inflammatory
4.4. Antitumor
4.5. Antiplatelet
4.6. Pancreatic α-Amylase and Glucoamylase Enzyme Inhibitor
Species | Antioxidant Test Methods | Other Bioactivities |
---|---|---|
A. sativum | The phosphomolybdenum reduction assay [102] | Antimicrobial [103,104]; Anti-inflammatory [88]; Inhibitor pancreatic α-amylase and glucoamylase [53] |
A. ursinum | DPPH radical-scavenging ability [70,71,105]; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay [68]; ABTS radical scavenging assays [23] | Antimicrobial [72,105]; Antifungal [21]; Antiplatelet [17] |
A. schoenoprasum | DPPH radical-scavenging ability; ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay [68]; DPPH bleaching method; the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay [64]; the total iron reduction’s potential technique [62]; ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) [65] | Anti-inflammatory [73]; Antitumor [67]; Antiplatelet [65] |
A. fistulosum | DPPH free radical scavenging assay [61]; ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity) [65] | Anti-inflammatory [87]; Antiplatelet [65] |
A. scorodoprasum | Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP); DPPH radical scavenging activity assay [12] | - |
A. vineale | Ferric thiocyanate method; ferric ions (Fe3+) reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP); DPPH free radical-scavenging activity [16] | - |
A. cepa | Antioxidant enzyme method [27] | Antimicrobial [40,79]; Antibacterial [80]; Anticardioprotective [49] |
A. flavum | - | Anticancer [11] |
A. atroviolaceum | - | Antimicrobial [46]; Antiplatelet [74] |
5. Antioxidant Properties
6. Structure-Antioxidant Activity Relationship Compounds in Allium
6.1. Apigenin
6.2. Myricetin
6.3. Naringenin
6.4. Kaempferol
6.5. Catechin
6.6. Quercetin
7. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Kurnia, D.; Ajiati, D.; Heliawati, L.; Sumiarsa, D. Antioxidant Properties and Structure-Antioxidant Activity Relationship of Allium Species Leaves. Molecules 2021, 26, 7175. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237175
Kurnia D, Ajiati D, Heliawati L, Sumiarsa D. Antioxidant Properties and Structure-Antioxidant Activity Relationship of Allium Species Leaves. Molecules. 2021; 26(23):7175. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237175
Chicago/Turabian StyleKurnia, Dikdik, Dwipa Ajiati, Leny Heliawati, and Dadan Sumiarsa. 2021. "Antioxidant Properties and Structure-Antioxidant Activity Relationship of Allium Species Leaves" Molecules 26, no. 23: 7175. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237175