Nitro Fatty Acids (NO2-FAs): An Emerging Class of Bioactive Fatty Acids
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Bioactivities of NO2-FAs
2.1. Interaction of Cysteine Residues with NO2-FAs
2.2. 10-Nitro Oleic Acid (CXA-10) and Its Derivatives as Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Agents
2.3. PPARγ-Regulated Diseases Attenuated by NO2-FAs
2.4. NO2-FAs as Regulators of Miscellaneous Targets
3. Syntheses of NO2-FAs
3.1. Direct Nitration of Unsaturated Lipids Yielding Derivatives of NO2-FAs
3.2. Step-By-Step Synthesis of NO2-FAs
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Compound | IC50 (μM) | Ref. | |
---|---|---|---|
PPARγ | PPARα | ||
Rosiglitazone | 0.25 | >15 | [75] |
E-12-NO2-18:2 | 0.41 | 9.6 | [75] |
E-9-NO2-18:1 | 0.98 | >15 | [74] |
E-10-NO2-18:1 | 1.61 | >15 | [74] |
Z-9/10-NO2-18:1 | 1.73 | 10.8 | [74] |
E-9-NO2-16:1 | 0.83 | >15 | [74] |
E-10-NO2-16:1 | 0.63 | >15 | [74] |
E-5-NO2-18:1 | 1.68 | >15 | [74] |
E-6-NO2-18:1 | 1.72 | >15 | [74] |
E-12-NO2-18:1 | 0.039 | 1.6 | [74] |
E-13-NO2-18:1 | 0.19 | 1.1 | [74] |
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Koutoulogenis, G.S.; Kokotos, G. Nitro Fatty Acids (NO2-FAs): An Emerging Class of Bioactive Fatty Acids. Molecules 2021, 26, 7536. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247536
Koutoulogenis GS, Kokotos G. Nitro Fatty Acids (NO2-FAs): An Emerging Class of Bioactive Fatty Acids. Molecules. 2021; 26(24):7536. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247536
Chicago/Turabian StyleKoutoulogenis, Giorgos S., and George Kokotos. 2021. "Nitro Fatty Acids (NO2-FAs): An Emerging Class of Bioactive Fatty Acids" Molecules 26, no. 24: 7536. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26247536