A Pilot Metabolomic Study on Myocardial Injury Caused by Chronic Alcohol Consumption—Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Results
2.1. Morphological Changes in the Heart of ACM Model Mice
2.2. Assessment of Cardiac Function
2.3. Metabolic Pattern in the Myocardium of ACM Model Mice
2.3.1. Sample Quality Control (QC)
2.3.2. PCA and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) Results of the ACM and Control Groups
2.3.3. Volcano Plot and Heatmaps of Differentially Expressed Metabolites
2.3.4. Enrichment of KEGG Pathway Analysis
3. Discussion
3.1. Metabolism of Fatty Acids
3.2. Metabolism of Lipids
3.3. Metabolism of B Vitamins
3.4. Metabolism of Pyrimidines and Purines
4. Materials and Methods
4.1. Chemical Reagents
4.2. Animal Model and Sample Collection
4.3. Histological Staining
4.4. Echocardiography
4.5. ELISA
4.6. Real-Time Quantitative PCR (qPCR)
4.7. Metabolite Extraction
4.8. Metabolomic Analysis QC
4.9. Analysis of UHPLC-MS/MS
4.10. Processing of Data and Identification of Metabolite
4.11. Statistical Analysis
5. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
Sample Availability
References
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Parameters | Control Group | ACM Group |
---|---|---|
LVAW; d (mm) | 0.844 ± 0.044 | 0.595 ± 0.085 # |
LVAW; s (mm) | 0.877 ± 0.016 | 0.616 ± 0.042 # |
LVPW; d (mm) | 0.805 ± 0.085 | 0.601 ± 0.041 # |
LVPW; s (mm) | 0.999 ± 0.060 | 0.758 ± 0.044 * |
LVID; d (mm) | 4.165 ± 0.223 | 4.480 ± 0.226 |
LVID; s (mm) | 3.164 ± 0.200 | 3.588 ± 0.142 * |
LV Vol; d (uL) | 77.290 ± 9.664 | 91.756 ± 11.157 |
LV Vol; s (uL) | 40.032 ± 6.160 | 54.098 ± 5.234 * |
EF% | 48.244 ± 3.833 | 40.915 ± 1.713 * |
FS% | 24.049 ± 2.331 | 19.883 ± 1.041 * |
KEGG Pathway | Screened Metabolite | FC | p Value | ROC | VIP | Trend | Mode |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids | Docosapentaenoic acid | 0.451 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 2.054 | down | negative |
Adrenic acid | 0.465 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 1.936 | down | positive | |
Docosahexaenoic acid | 0.514 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 1.910 | down | negative | |
Arachidonic acid | 0.603 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 1.807 | down | negative | |
Stearic acid | 1.225 | 0.000 | 0.970 | 1.646 | up | negative | |
Arachidic acid | 1.454 | 0.001 | 0.900 | 1.461 | up | negative | |
α-Linolenic acid | 1.493 | 0.001 | 0.880 | 1.587 | up | positive | |
Palmitic Acid | 1.529 | 0.048 | 0.760 | 1.046 | up | negative | |
Vitamin digestion and absorption | Thiamine monophosphate | 0.519 | 0.000 | 1.000 | 1.883 | down | positive |
Pantothenic acid | 0.585 | 0.000 | 0.990 | 2.015 | down | positive | |
Nicotinamide | 0.753 | 0.000 | 0.950 | 1.768 | down | positive | |
Riboflavin | 0.788 | 0.001 | 0.920 | 1.588 | down | positive | |
Metabolism of pyrimidines and purines | Xanthine | 0.595 | 0.000 | 0.960 | 1.799 | down | positive |
Thymine | 0.708 | 0.032 | 0.940 | 1.194 | down | positive | |
Cytidine | 0.756 | 0.000 | 0.990 | 1.819 | down | positive | |
Adenylosuccinic acid | 0.820 | 0.017 | 0.790 | 1.238 | down | negative | |
d-Ribulose 5-phosphate | 0.786 | 0.001 | 0.890 | 1.574 | down | negative | |
d-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate | 0.787 | 0.003 | 0.880 | 1.382 | down | negative | |
Uridine diphosphate | 1.470 | 0.001 | 0.920 | 1.605 | up | positive |
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Cao, Z.; Wang, T.; Xia, W.; Zhu, B.; Tian, M.; Zhao, R.; Guan, D. A Pilot Metabolomic Study on Myocardial Injury Caused by Chronic Alcohol Consumption—Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy. Molecules 2021, 26, 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082177
Cao Z, Wang T, Xia W, Zhu B, Tian M, Zhao R, Guan D. A Pilot Metabolomic Study on Myocardial Injury Caused by Chronic Alcohol Consumption—Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy. Molecules. 2021; 26(8):2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082177
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Zhipeng, Tianqi Wang, Wei Xia, Baoli Zhu, Meihui Tian, Rui Zhao, and Dawei Guan. 2021. "A Pilot Metabolomic Study on Myocardial Injury Caused by Chronic Alcohol Consumption—Alcoholic Cardiomyopathy" Molecules 26, no. 8: 2177. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082177