MXenes Thin Films: From Fabrication to Their Applications
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Structure and Properties of MXenes
3. Synthesis of MXenes
4. MXenes Thin Films
4.1. Vacuum Filtration Method
4.2. Electrodynamic Atomization and Electrophoretic Deposition
4.3. Spin Coating Method (SCM)
4.4. Spray and Dipping Method
4.5. Other Methods
5. Comparison of Different Methods Involved in the Fabrication of MXene Thin Films
6. Applications of Thin Films of MXenes
6.1. MXene Thin Films for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
6.2. MXene Thin Films in Batteries
6.3. MXene Thin Films in Sensors
6.4. Mxene Thin Films in Solar Cells
6.5. Miscellaneous Applications
7. Conclusion and Outlook
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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MXene Material | Method | Performance | Applications | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|
Solar Cells | ||||
Ti3C2Tx QDs and SnO2 | Spin coating | ETL power conversion efficiency (PCE) 23% | Perovskite solar cell | [110] |
Ti3C2Tx and SnO2 | Spin coating | ETL PCE 18.34% | Perovskite solar cell | [111] |
Oxidized Ti3C2Tx | Spin coating | ETL PCE 18.29% | Perovskite solar cell | [112] |
Ti3C2Tx | Spin coating | Additive PCE 17.41% | Perovskite solar cell | [113] |
Ti3C2Tx | Spin coating | Functional group tuning PCE 26% | Perovskite solar cell | [114] |
Ti3C2Tx | Spin coating | ETL PCE 17.17% | Heterojunction Perovskite solar cell | [115] |
mTiO2-Ti3C2Tx QDs-CH3NH3PbX3 | Spin coating | Active layer PCE 21.64% | Perovskite solar cell | [116] |
Ti3C2Tx and TiO2 | Spin coating | ETL PCE 2.81% | Cs2AgBiBr6 double-PSCs | [117] |
Ti3C2Tx+CH3NH3PbX3 and Ti3C2Tx+PCMB | Spin coating | Active layer PCE 19.2% | NiO-based inverted perovskite solar cell | [118] |
Ti3C2Tx | Spin coating | HTM PCE 13.83% | noble-metal-free perovskite solar cell | [119] |
Ti3C2Tx+CNTs+ carbon paste | Slurry | Electrode PCE 7.09% | all-inorganic Perovskite solar cell | [120] |
Ti3C2Tx/PEDOT: PSS | Spin coating | Anode PCE 17.26% | Non-fullerene organic solar cell | [121] |
Ti3C2Tx+SWCNTs | Slurry | ETL PCE 21% | Perovskite solar cell | [122] |
Plasma oxidized Ti3C2Tx | Spin coating | ETL PCE 18.9% | Perovskite solar cell | [123] |
Nb2C@SnO2 | Spin coating | ETL PCE 22.86% | Perovskite solar cell | [124] |
Ti3C2Tx@n+-Si | Drop casting | PCE 11.5% | Silicon solar cell | [125] |
Batteries and Supercapacitors | ||||
MXene/1T-2H MoS2-C-S | Hydrothermal annealing | Cathode1194.7 mAh g−1 at 0.1 C | Li-S batteries | [126] |
Ti2C | Chemical etching | Anode 225 mAh g−1 at 1C | Li-ion batteries | [127] |
Silicon@Ti3C2Tx | Vacuum Filtration | Anode 2118 mAh·g−1 at 200 mA·g−1 | Li-ion batteries | [128] |
V2C and Nb2C | Chemical etching | Anode 260 mAhg−1 at 1C | Li-ion batteries | [129] |
SnO2@Ti3C2Tx | Atomic layer deposition | Anode 843 mAhg−1 | Li-ion batteries | [130] |
Ti3C2Tx | Filtration | Separator 495 mAh g−1 at 1C | Li-S batteries | [131] |
Ti3C2Tx | Filtration | Separator 820 mAh/g at the current of 0.5 A/g | Li-S batteries | [132] |
Vanadium carbide (V4C3) | Coating | Electrode-specific capacitance 330 F/g at 5 mV/s | Supercapacitor | [133] |
Vanadium carbide (V2C) | Rolling between membranes for film fabrication | Electrode-specific capacitance 487 F/g | Supercapacitor | [134] |
Ti3C2Tx and porous Vanadium nitride/carbon | Vacuum filtration | Negative electrode-specific capacitance 105 F/g at 1 A/g | Asymmetric supercapacitors | [135] |
Ti3C2Tx | Vacuum filtration | Electrode areal capacitance 71.16 mF cm−2 | Micro-supercapacitor | [61] |
Ti3C2Tx/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) | Vacuum filtration | Electrode capacitance 300 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 | Supercapacitor | [136] |
Polystyrene/Ti3C2Tx | Vacuum filtration | Gravimetric the capacitance of 506 F g−1 at 0.5 A g−1 | Supercapacitor | [137] |
Ti3C2Tx | Freeze tape casting | Specific capacitance 222.9 F g−1 | Supercapacitor | [138] |
Nanoporous Ti3C2Tx | Tablet machine pressing | Volumetric capacitance 932 F cm−3 | Supercapacitor | [139] |
Freeze-and-thaw Ti3C2Tx | Vacuum filtration | Volumetric capacitance 591 F cm−3 | Micro-supercapacitors | [66] |
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Ali, I.; Faraz Ud Din, M.; Gu, Z.-G. MXenes Thin Films: From Fabrication to Their Applications. Molecules 2022, 27, 4925. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154925
Ali I, Faraz Ud Din M, Gu Z-G. MXenes Thin Films: From Fabrication to Their Applications. Molecules. 2022; 27(15):4925. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154925
Chicago/Turabian StyleAli, Israt, Muhammad Faraz Ud Din, and Zhi-Gang Gu. 2022. "MXenes Thin Films: From Fabrication to Their Applications" Molecules 27, no. 15: 4925. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27154925