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Article

Synergistic Effect of Lithocholic Acid with Gentamicin against Gram-Positive Bacteria but Not against Gram-Negative Bacteria

by
Hongfa Lv
1,†,
Lianping Wang
2,†,
Shuang Liu
3,
Wei Hu
1,
Jianfeng Wang
1,
Xuming Deng
1 and
Jinying Gao
1,*
1
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
2
Jilin Ginseng Academy, Chang Chun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China
3
Jilin Jinziyuan Biotech Inc, Changchun 136400, China
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Molecules 2022, 27(7), 2318; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072318
Submission received: 16 February 2022 / Revised: 26 March 2022 / Accepted: 29 March 2022 / Published: 3 April 2022
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Aspects of Pharmacology and Toxicology of Antibacterial Drugs)
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Abstract

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is an important Gram-positive food-borne pathogen that severely threatens public health. A checkerboard microdilution method was performed to evaluate the synergistic effect of lithocholic acid (LCA) with Gentamicin (Genta) against L. monocytogenes. BacLight LIVE/DEAD staining, scanning electron microscopy and biofilm inhibition assays were further used to explore the bactericidal effect and antibiofilm effect of this combination on L. monocytogenes. Additionally, the synergistic effects of LCA derivatives with Genta were also evaluated against L. monocytogenes, S.aureus and S. suis. The results indicated that a synergistic bactericidal effect was observed for the combined therapy of LCA at the concentration without affecting bacteria viability, with Genta. Additionally, LCA in combination with Genta had a synergistic effect against Gram-positive bacteria (L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and S. suis) but not against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, A. baumannii and Salmonella). BacLight LIVE/DEAD staining and scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that the combination of LCA with Genta caused L. monocytogenes membrane injury, leading to bacteria death. We found that 8 μg/mL LCA treatment effectively improved the ability of Genta to eradicate L. monocytogenes biofilms. In addition, we found that chenodeoxycholic acid, as a cholic acid derivative, also improved the bactericidal effect of Genta against Gram-positive bacteria. Our results indicate that LCA represents a broad-spectrum adjuvant with Genta for infection caused by L. monocytogenes and other Gram-positive pathogens.
Keywords: lithocholic acid; Listeria monocytogenes; antibiofilm; gentamycin adjuvant; food-borne disease lithocholic acid; Listeria monocytogenes; antibiofilm; gentamycin adjuvant; food-borne disease

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MDPI and ACS Style

Lv, H.; Wang, L.; Liu, S.; Hu, W.; Wang, J.; Deng, X.; Gao, J. Synergistic Effect of Lithocholic Acid with Gentamicin against Gram-Positive Bacteria but Not against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Molecules 2022, 27, 2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072318

AMA Style

Lv H, Wang L, Liu S, Hu W, Wang J, Deng X, Gao J. Synergistic Effect of Lithocholic Acid with Gentamicin against Gram-Positive Bacteria but Not against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Molecules. 2022; 27(7):2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072318

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lv, Hongfa, Lianping Wang, Shuang Liu, Wei Hu, Jianfeng Wang, Xuming Deng, and Jinying Gao. 2022. "Synergistic Effect of Lithocholic Acid with Gentamicin against Gram-Positive Bacteria but Not against Gram-Negative Bacteria" Molecules 27, no. 7: 2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072318

APA Style

Lv, H., Wang, L., Liu, S., Hu, W., Wang, J., Deng, X., & Gao, J. (2022). Synergistic Effect of Lithocholic Acid with Gentamicin against Gram-Positive Bacteria but Not against Gram-Negative Bacteria. Molecules, 27(7), 2318. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27072318

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